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2011 | Buch

Summary Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Cyber-Physical Systems

Driving force for innovation in mobility, health, energy and production

herausgegeben von: acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : acatech POSITION

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Today, about 98 percent of microprocessors are already embedded in everyday objects and devices, connected with the outside world through sensors and actuators. They are increasingly networked with one another and on the internet. The physical world and the virtual world - or cyberspace - are merging; cyber-physical systems are developing.Future cyber-physical systems will contribute to security, efficiency, comfort and the health systems as never before, and as a result, they will contribute to solving key challenges of our society, such as the aging population, limited resources, mobility, or energy transition. Germany is in the position to become a leader in international competition thanks to innovative cyber-physical systems. In this statement, acatech explains what prerequisites must be created and how Germany can overcome the technical, political and social hurdles on the way to achieving this position.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Summary
Abstract
Embedded hardware and software systems are decisive driving forces for innovation in the export and growth markets of German industry. They crucially expand the functionality and, as a result, the practical value and competitiveness of vehicles, aircraft, medical equipment, production plants and household appliances. Today, about 98 percent of micro processors are embedded, connected with the outside world through sensors and actuators. They are increasingly connected with one another and the internet. The physical world and the virtual world — or cyberspace — are merging. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are being developed that are part of a globally networked future world, in which products, equipment and objects interact with embedded hardware and software beyond the limits of single applications. With the help of sensors, these systems process data from the physical world and make it available for network-based services, which in turn can have a direct effect on processes in the physical world using actuators. Through cyber-physical systems, the physical world is linked with the virtual world to form an Internet of Things, Data and Services.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
Project
Abstract
This position was developed on the basis of the acatech STUDY agendaCPS — Integrated Research Agenda for Cyber-Physical Systems (Geisberger/Broy 2012).
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
1. Cyber-Physical Systems — Changing Economy and Society
Abstract
Information and communication technologies are strong driving forces of innovation. Two of them act as crucial driving forces in this matter:
  • embedded software-intensive systems, as found in virtually all high-tech products and systems today, for example in devices, vehicles, aircraft, buildings and production systems, whose functionality is characterized decisively by such systems;
  • global networks like the internet and the data and services available on the World Wide Web.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
2. Cyber-Physical Systems — Merging the Physical and Virtual Worlds
Abstract
Cyber-physical systems are systems with embedded software (as part of devices, buildings, means of transport, transport routes, production systems, medical processes, logistic processes, coordination processes and management processes), which:
  • directly record physical data using sensors and affect physical processes using actuators;
  • evaluate and save recorded data, and actively or reactively interact both with the physical and digital world;
  • are connected with one another and in global networks via digital communication facilities (wireless and/or wired, local and/or global);
  • use globally available data and services;
  • have a series of dedicated, multimodal human-machine interfaces.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
3. Future Potential of Cyber-Physical Systems — 2025
Abstract
Cyber-physical systems contribute to finding answers to key challenges of our society and are highly relevant for numerous industries and fields of application. Cyber-physical systems provide companies with support in process optimization and therefore also in cost and time saving, and they provide help in saving energy, thus reducing CO2 emissions. For private users, the benefits of cyber-physical systems are predominantly in a higher level of comfort, for example in assistance with mobility, in networked safety, in individual medical care and for older people in the field of assisted living.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
4. Challenges for Germany Arising from Cyber-Physical Systems
Abstract
Far-reaching challenges for Germany are connected with the further development of cyber-physical systems, both of a general and a specific nature. The extensive complexity of the task can be seen in technical, methodological and functional terms in research and development, as well as in usage and the effects of cyber-physical systems on the economy and society. The overcoming or reduction of complexity and the shaping of highly flexible systems are indispensible prerequisites for the long-term success of the development and use of cyber-physical systems.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
5. Theses on the Development of Cyber-Physical Systems in Germany
Abstract
Time is of the essence for Germany to consolidate its position, especially with regard to the competition with the USA and Asia — Germany’s advantage in terms of embedded systems, which currently still exists, could be lost in a few years.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
6. Recommendations for Action
Abstract
The prerequisite for consolidating Germany’s position on cyber-physical systems is to rapidly align the country’s infrastructure and economic structures with the requirements of cyber-physical systems. To do this, the state should define clear objectives and implement these as part of an overall cyber-physical systems strategy.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
7. Appendix
Abstract
The overview table shows a summary of the specific capabilities of cyber-physical systems, and the rightmost column summarizes the new skills and key requirements and abilities for practical and sustainably innovative cyberphysical system applications. The challenges in realizing the capabilities of cyber-physical systems, including the clarification and creation of the necessary conditions and social consensus-building, are the core of the research issues and fields of action discussed in the agendaCPS.
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Cyber-Physical Systems
herausgegeben von
acatech - National Academy of Science and Engineering, 2011
Copyright-Jahr
2011
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-642-29090-9
Print ISBN
978-3-642-29089-3
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29090-9