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2019 | Book

Project Basics Read chapter Read first chapter

Englisch für Architekten und Bauingenieure - English for Architects and Civil Engineers

Ein kompletter Projektablauf auf Englisch mit Vokabeln, Redewendungen, Übungen und Praxistipps - All project phases in English with vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, exercises and practical advice

Author: Sharon Heidenreich

Publisher: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

Dieses Sprach-Lehrbuch wurde speziell für Architekten und Bauingenieure entwickelt, um sie zu befähigen bei der Kommunikation auf Englisch in der Berufspraxis mit fachlicher Kompetenz zu überzeugen.
Das Buch folgt den einzelnen Planungs- und Ausführungsphasen und ermöglicht somit auch ein schnelles und gezieltes Nachschlagen während eines laufenden Bauprojektes. Die 6. Auflage wurde überarbeitet und um die beiden Kapitel Stadtplanung und Gebäudebetrieb/Instandhaltung ergänzt.
In Kooperation mit der Gesellschaft für Weiterbildung im Bauwesen(GeWeB) steht den Kunden des Buches zur Vertiefung der Lerninhalte ein kostenfreies E-Learning Modul mit 15 Übungen zum Hörverstehen sowie weiteren Aufgaben zu Grammatik und Fachvokabular zur Verfügung.
QR Codes im Buch ermöglichen jetzt außerdem einen direkten Zugriff auf die Hörverstehens-Übungen an den passenden Stellen.

Nach dem Gemeinsamen europäischen Referenzrahmen (GER) für Sprachen entspricht das Lehrwerk einem Niveau von B2/C1.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
1. Project Basics
Zusammenfassung
The construction industry touches the lives of virtually everyone on a daily basis and occupies a fundamental position in national economies. In Europe, it generates approximately 12 per cent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs about 8 per cent of the labour force. The building industry is regarded as the bellwether of economic growth, and periods of prosperity are usually associated with high levels of construction activity. Unfortunately the opposite applies in periods of recession.
Sharon Heidenreich
2. Town Planning
Zusammenfassung
Construction of a building requires planning approval, which is subject to rules that have been carefully devised, discussed, adapted and approved by a number of experts long before the planning of an individual scheme can take place. In developed countries, the legislation, enacted by parliament, provides a framework for regulations and procedures that govern the planning process. It leads on to solutions for habitation, communication, education, transportation and more, all guided by professionals who have become known as town or urban planners. These planners and the experts supporting them carry enormous responsibility, because they are the people who determine the right position and mix of urban elements, which eventually lead to how successful a community is. Town planning or urban design is about thequality of the built environment.
Sharon Heidenreich
3. Preliminary Enquiries
Zusammenfassung
The first step in every project is to define the work that is actually to be performed. Is the planner going to be dealing with a new build or a property within the existing stock of buildings? New buildings can generally be separated into two categories: residential and nonresidential buildings. Work on existing structures, which makes up 35 per cent of all construction work, is a lot more complex. Despite having very specific definitions, the terms used in this case are often used interchangeably and sometimes one project will involve more than just one of the processes described below.
Sharon Heidenreich
4. Sustainability
Zusammenfassung
Sustainability is a significant and much discussed concept, yet, unfortunately not one that is always clearly understood. In recent years, it has been applied to lots of things, often simply because it sounds good. What it really means in human terms ismeeting today s needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs . This definition suggests that we are stewards, not owners, of resources and should be responsible for the longterm effects of our decisions and actions.
Sharon Heidenreich
5. Briefing
Zusammenfassung
The project brief is the key document upon which the design will be based. It is a set of instructions given to the architect or engineer by the client. In this sometimes very delicate and lengthy process, it is the planner s task to understand and interpret the statements made by the client and finally produce a project design. The project brief tends to evolve through the early phases and benefit from information gained through consultations with authorities, consultants and other stakeholders.
Sharon Heidenreich
6. Preliminary Design
Zusammenfassung
Taking into account the client s brief and additional information obtained, the architect or engineer will start to prepare drawings illustrating possible solutions. The first drawings, of which there may be many, may not be very detailed, but will show what the planner has in mind. They should illustrate and make it possible to appreciate the general massing, the external appearance of the building and its position on the plot. The arrangement of the interior, at least a rough outline, should also be included in a first presentation of the planner s thoughts.
Sharon Heidenreich
7. Structural Design
Zusammenfassung
The structural system of a building is designed and constructed to support and transmit the applied gravity and lateral loads safely to the ground without exceeding the allowable stresses in its members. It is a configuration of components that are dependent on one another and act together in a framework.
Sharon Heidenreich
8. Building Materials
Zusammenfassung
Most construction projects involve use of a wide range of different materials. The list is very extensive, but the main ones are clearly concrete, steel, brick, wood and glass. When designing a building or structure, the planning team must decide which materials are most suitable for the design and purpose. In most commercial and industrial structures, the primary construction material is either structural steel or reinforced concrete. The use of timber tends to be restricted to residential and some smaller scale non-residential buildings. Any finished structure is a combination of a large number of individual elements. Each has a particular purpose to fulfil and requires materials with properties designed to meet the need in the most effective way.
Sharon Heidenreich
9. Building Services
Zusammenfassung
This chapter discusses the mechanical and electrical systems that are required to provide and maintain comfort, health and safety for the occupants of a building. Building services engineering may be considered under three main headings: plumbing, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering.
Sharon Heidenreich
10. Final Design
Zusammenfassung
This stage of the planner s work is the completion of the design. Ideally, there should be no major changes after this point. If the project is sufficiently large to support a design team, there has to be a constant flow of information between the architect or engineer and the consultants. It is the planner s task, or, if commissioned, the project manager s task, to coordinate the work of the design team and iron out all conflicts arising between team members.
Sharon Heidenreich
11. Planning and Building Permission
Zusammenfassung
A form of permission is required for most new constructions or alterations to existing properties. In many countries, this process involves an application to the local authority. The aim of the authority is to check whether the building blends in with its environment, is in line with the development plan and complies with general rules of construction.
Sharon Heidenreich
12. Tender Documentation
Zusammenfassung
The procurement procedure is the process of selecting firms to perform the work described in the tender documents. Usually the size and/or the officialdom of the project determine which procurement path is to be taken. A common feature of procurement procedures is that allrequire the preparation of tender documents.
Sharon Heidenreich
13. Tender Action
Zusammenfassung
Tendering is the activity which eventually determines the three factors of principal interest to the client: cost, quality and time. The contractor is the party offering the services to meet the demands of the client, who ultimately pays the bills. The contractor needs to be able to source labour, materials, capital and plant before he is able to bid for work.
Sharon Heidenreich
14. Pre-Construction Phase
Zusammenfassung
As explained at the beginning of the book, a building project may begin fairly simply, perhaps merely with a conversation between a client and an architect or a civil engineer. Over the ensuing months, the project team grows as other services and advisors, such as structural and mechanical consultants, are brought in and the cost commitment builds rapidly. The run-up to the construction phase is especially critical. It is a time when a number of new companies are contracted to offer advice, to supply specialist services, materials or components. Very often this number has to be further increased in order to ensure an appropriate level of competition. At the time of the contract award, a project of even modest proportions can involve dozens of people. For this reason, it is absolutely necessary for team members to understand each other s area of responsibility and for contractual obligations to be clearly defined.
Sharon Heidenreich
15. Construction
Zusammenfassung
Once all the background information has been clarified and the commencement date approaches, the contractor takes possession of the site. A once desolate piece of land comes to life as numerous tradespeople move in and set to work. The type and the scale of work will determine the number of trades involved, the volume of noise to be expected and the duration of the project. For neighbours and surrounding properties, a very wearing period commences.A construction site sign informs neighbours and passers-by of the future development and all thecompanies involved.
Sharon Heidenreich
16. Completion
Zusammenfassung
The completion stage is a significant phase in the course of a project. After months, sometimes even years, of construction work, the scheme, which was originally developed on paper, finally appears in its true dimensions. The diagram below shows the various phases of completion. The process is similar throughout the world. The number of certificates, however, varies as does the length and the character of the defects liability period.
Sharon Heidenreich
17. In Use and End of Life
Zusammenfassung
The construction costs of a conventional new build represent only approximately 20 per cent of the total life cycle costs. The remaining 80 per cent is taken up by operation and maintenance expenses. The average life cycle of a building is 30 years, but it depends on the type of project and can vary considerably. When designing a building, the aim should therefore be to choose durable, low-maintenance materials and to ensure that these, along with the building services systems, are well looked after through regular servicing, repair and renewal of components. As the diagram below shows, the anticipated life span of a building can only be reached, or possibly exceeded, if the building components are well maintained
Sharon Heidenreich
18. Education, Registration and More
Zusammenfassung
All planning professionals, architects, civil and structural engineers, building services engineers, etc. are not only responsible for planning and designing but also for managing the realisation of all planned projects. The word architect is derived from the Greek word arch meaning chief and the wordtecktonmeaning carpenter or builder. As the name implies, architecture involves more than designing a building. The roots suggest that the architect is a master builder or one might refer to him/her as being the leader of a construction team. It follows that architects, and this also applies to the other planning professionals, require theoretical as well as practical knowledge. This is acquired through a combination of academic education and professional training.
Sharon Heidenreich
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Englisch für Architekten und Bauingenieure - English for Architects and Civil Engineers
Author
Sharon Heidenreich
Copyright Year
2019
Electronic ISBN
978-3-658-26052-1
Print ISBN
978-3-658-26051-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26052-1