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2015 | Book

Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

Water Cycle Management

A New Paradigm of Wastewater Reuse and Safety Control

Authors: Xiaochang C. Wang, Chongmiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Li Luo

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Book Series : SpringerBriefs in Water Science and Technology

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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About this book

This book focuses on environmental engineering, and on wastewater treatment and reuse in particular, which is a vital aspect for countries and regions suffering from water shortages. It introduces a new water cycle management concept for designing water systems that mimic the hydrological cycle, where reclaimed water is produced, stored/regulated, supplied and used in a semi-natural manner so that its self-purification capacity and system efficiency can be maximized. To ensure safe water throughout the cycle, emphasis is placed on the control of ecological and pathogenic risks using a series of quality indices associated with bioassays and molecular biological analyses, as well as risk assessments focusing on protecting the environment and human health. Together with theoretical and technological discussions, a real case of a district water system for maximizing water circulation and reuse by means of a sophisticated water cycle is presented. This book introduces readers to essential new concepts and practices and illustrates the future perspectives offered by a new paradigm for design and safety control in the context of wastewater reuse systems.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
Basic consideration was given in this chapter on a shift from the old paradigm to a new paradigm for designing the urban water and wastewater system with reclaimed water as the important resource following the concept of water cycle management.
Xiaochang C. Wang, Chongmiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Li Luo
Chapter 2. Concepts of Water Cycle Management for Water Reuse System Design
Abstract
The natural hydrological cycle is not merely a circulation of water among the ocean, atmosphere, land, surface and subsurface water bodies, but also a process of water purification through natural actions. Following the natural principles, the concepts of water cycle management were proposed for designing the urban water and wastewater systems in a new manner by which freshwater supply and use, water reclamation and reuse, and urban water environment are integrated into one water cycle to maximize the efficiency of water application and environmental benefits. This implicates a shift of system design from the conventional paradigm to a new paradigm.
Xiaochang C. Wang, Chongmiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Li Luo
Chapter 3. Safety Control of Reclaimed Water Use
Abstract
The reclaimed water is usually used for non-potable purposes such as domestic and environmental uses. As various pollutants residual in the reclaimed water may expose negative impacts on the aquatic systems and human health, safety control of water reuse is an important research topic. This chapter discusses the pollutant source, exposure pathways, dose-response relationships, and risk assessment methods. Attentions are mainly paid to the ecological risk due to exposure to chemical pollutants and human health risk due to exposure to pathogens.
Xiaochang C. Wang, Chongmiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Li Luo
Chapter 4. A Real Case of Water Reuse Through a Water Cycle
Abstract
This chapter introduces a novel model case of water cycle management for a semi-decentralized water and wastewater system with reclaimed water use in a university campus in Xi’an, China where less than 3,000 m3/d of groundwater is the only freshwater source for up to 35,000 population and 80 ha area with 60 % green coverage. Under the constraints of limited source water and large water demand for potable and non-potable purposes, the water system was designed by integrating water supply, sewerage, water reclamation and reuse, and water landscaping in one framework, utilizing the landscaping lake as a buffer zone in a mimicking natural water cycle with a high recycling ratio, and combining engineering and natural processes for water quality control. With the freshwater used only for potable purposes and the reclaimed water for all non-potable uses, the water application efficiency was doubled and safety water use was secured.
Xiaochang C. Wang, Chongmiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Li Luo
Chapter 5. Future Perspectives
Abstract
Water cycle management will direct the design of future urban water and wastewater system in a new manner that the reclaimed water can be produced and utilized most efficiently and the demand on freshwater resource can be reduced to the minimum. For achieving this goal, the methods for biological and human health safety control still need to be further studied.
Xiaochang C. Wang, Chongmiao Zhang, Xiaoyan Ma, Li Luo
Metadata
Title
Water Cycle Management
Authors
Xiaochang C. Wang
Chongmiao Zhang
Xiaoyan Ma
Li Luo
Copyright Year
2015
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-662-45821-1
Print ISBN
978-3-662-45820-4
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45821-1