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Exploring the Role of Bacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances for Sustainable Development in Agriculture

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Abstract

The incessant need to increase crop yields has led to the development of many chemical fertilizers containing NPK (nitrogen–phosphorous–potassium) which can degrade soil health in the long term. In addition, these fertilizers are often leached into nearby water bodies causing algal bloom and eutrophication. Bacterial secondary metabolites exuded into the extracellular space, termed extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have gained commercial significance because of their biodegradability, non-toxicity, and renewability. In many habitats, bacterial communities faced with adversity will adhere together by production of EPS which also serves to bond them to surfaces. Typically, hygroscopic, EPS retain moisture in desiccating conditions and modulate nutrient exchange. Many plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) combat harsh environmental conditions like salinity, drought, and attack of pathogens by producing EPS. The adhesive nature of EPS promotes soil aggregation and restores moisture thus combating soil erosion and promoting soil fertility. In addition, these molecules play vital roles in maintaining symbiosis and nitrogen fixation thus enhancing sustainability. Thus, along with other commercial applications, EPS show promising avenues for improving agricultural productivity thus helping to address land scarcity as well as minimizing environmental pollution.

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Acknowledgements

The authors remain grateful to the Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, University Grants Commission of India (UGC) SAP and UGC UPE II for the necessary support to contemplate this study.

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  1. Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India

    Ishika Saha, Sriparna Datta & Dipa Biswas

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  1. Ishika Saha
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  2. Sriparna Datta
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Conceptualization: I.S., S.D.; investigation: I.S.; writing original draft preparation: I.S.; revision and formal analysis: I.S., S.D., D.B.

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Correspondence to Sriparna Datta.

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Saha, I., Datta, S. & Biswas, D. Exploring the Role of Bacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances for Sustainable Development in Agriculture. Curr Microbiol 77, 3224–3239 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02169-y

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