4th International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring and Engineering Structures (SHM&ES 2025)

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. Engineering Management

   1. Frontmatter

   2. Geotechnical Risk Management in Pipe-Jacking Construction Using Fuzzy-FMEA: A Case Study of the Yen Xa Sewerage System Project

      Giang Vu-Thi-Thuy, Trang Do-Nhu

      Abstract

      Pipejacking, a trenchless construction technique for installing underground pipelines, helps minimize surface impacts in urban areas, especially in urban areas. However, this method faces many geotechnical challenges such as ground settlement and pipeline instability. This study applies Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (Fuzzy-FMEA) to improve risk management in underground jacking projects, focusing on the Yen Xa Drainage System Project in Hanoi, Vietnam. The results show that integrating Fuzzy-FMEA into a geotechnical management framework is an important development, providing practical insights for urban jacking projects, improving construction safety and efficiency.

   3. Strategies to Achieve Sustainable Concrete Waste Recycling

      Thanwadee Chinda

      Abstract

      With limited spaces in big cities, many outdated buildings and houses are demolished to rebuild new residential units, causing a high amount of concrete waste. In Thailand, most concrete waste is illegally disposed of, causing several environmental impacts. Concrete waste recycling may be a solution to minimize these impacts. However, the feasibility of establishing concrete waste recycling plants must be considered carefully to plan for suitable strategies. This study utilizes the system dynamics (SD) modeling approach to examine strategies, related to economic, environmental, and social perspectives, for concrete waste recycling plant establishment. Benefits and costs of the project are considered, such as savings in virgin materials, savings in carbon tax, job creation, and labor, production, and health-related costs. The simulation results reveal that it takes 17 years for the project to achieve the minimum acceptable internal rate of return of 12%. Various strategies are performed to achieve sustainable implementation. The results reveal that labor cost, landfill charge, and business opportunity are crucial for successful concrete waste recycling. The government and construction industry may use study results to plan for concrete recycling implementation to achieve sustainable development.

   4. Completion of the Final Settlement of Public Investment Capital in Construction in Vietnam

      Khoi Tran Van, Dung Nguyen Thi Tuyet, Bui Nguyen Tien

      Abstract

      The final settlement of investment capital for completed projects represents one of the final and critical stages in the construction investment management process. For projects funded by public investment capital, this procedure is legally mandated upon project completion or when implementation is permanently terminated. In Vietnam, the regulatory framework governing the final settlement of public investment capital in construction has, to a large extent, fulfilled management requirements, eliminating expenditures that exceed prescribed norms, incorrect unit prices, and misapplied policy regimes-thereby contributing to savings in the state budget. Nevertheless, the process still encounters several challenges, including inadequacies in the legal documentation system, limitations in the capacity of project owners and contractors, and issues related to the decentralization of capital management-all of which negatively impact investment efficiency. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the current status of the final settlement of construction investment capital from public investment resources, identifying existing shortcomings and their underlying causes, and proposing recommendations aimed at enhancing the efficiency of public investment.

   5. Toward Context-Aware AI Agent Integration in BIM for Ondol System Design and Maintenance Communication

      Si Van-Tien Tran, Hai Chien Pham, Quang Tuan Le, Ung-Kyun Lee

      Abstract

      Inspecting underfloor heating systems such as Ondol poses unique challenges due to their concealed nature, spatial complexity, and fragmented communication across stakeholders. Traditional inspection workflows often lack intelligent, context-aware planning, leading to inefficiencies and oversight during design and maintenance phases. To address this gap, this study introduces a novel framework that integrates a large language model (LLM)-based AI agent with Building Information Modeling (BIM) environments through the Model Context Protocol (MCP). The agent autonomously interprets spatial and parametric data within BIM, simulates inspection scenarios, and supports context-sensitive decision-making. The framework utilizes CSV-based data storage to manage inspection metadata, enabling seamless information retrieval and updating. Inspection steps and contextual outputs are visualized directly within the Revit environment, offering intuitive feedback for inspectors and engineers. Validation was conducted through simulation and scenario-based evaluation, demonstrating the agent’s potential in automating inspection planning and enhancing communication across disciplines. This work lays the foundation for AI-augmented digital workflows in traditional HVAC system monitoring.

   6. Improving the Management of Road Infrastructure Maintenance in Vietnam for the Period 2025–2030

      Dinh Nghiem Van, Dung Nguyen Thi Tuyet, Dung Nguyen Huu

      Abstract

      Vietnam is facing the early deterioration of its bridge and road systems due to increased traffic volume, high temperatures, and heavy rainfall, while the funding for maintenance has not met the actual needs. During the period from 2013 to 2024, the Government implemented various comprehensive measures to enhance the effectiveness of maintenance activities, such as reforming management methods, strengthening planning efforts, and increasing revenue sources for maintenance. However, several shortcomings still persist in this field. By reviewing domestic and international literature and analyzing the characteristics of road infrastructure that affect maintenance activities, this paper assesses the current state of maintenance in Vietnam from 2013 to 2024, along with identifying existing issues and limitations. Thereby this paper proposes several solutions to improve the management of road infrastructure maintenance in Vietnam for the period 2025–2030.

   7. An Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management Scheme for Carbon Footprint Reduction: Leveraging the Informal Sector in Hanoi

      Nguyen Thai Huyen, Take Kyoko, Take Kenzo

      Abstract

      Municipal solid waste (MSW) management in developing countries largely relies on open dumping and minimal sanitary landfilling, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The waste management sector is a global concern due to its impact on climate change, with inefficient collection systems and improper disposal exacerbating emissions. Despite its associated social and health issues, informal recycling plays a crucial role in reducing emissions. This study integrates findings from the JEAI Recycurbs Viet project with the Asia Low Carbon Society Research (LCSR) Study, utilizing the ExSS/Waste model to quantify GHG emissions in Hanoi under two scenarios: one without informal recycling (NIR_S) and the other one with informal recycling (IR_S). Results indicate that informal recycling reduces emissions by 3000 tons of CO₂ equivalents annually. Strengthening policies to integrate informal recycling into formal waste management systems can enhance environmental, social, and economic benefits.

   8. Sustainable Construction Contractors Selection Using EDAS

      Quan Khac Nguyen, Duong Van Binh Huynh, Phong Thanh Nguyen, Uyen Ngoc Nguyen, Phuong Thanh Phan, Khoa Dang Vo

      Abstract

      Selecting a sustainable construction contractor with sufficient capacity and experience is one of the critical factors in ensuring the quality and effectiveness of school construction projects. However, this selection process is often challenging due to its multi-criteria nature and inherent uncertainties in evaluation. This multi-criteria nature makes contractor selection a complex decision problem requiring systematic evaluation of trade-offs. This paper applies the Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) to evaluate and rank construction contractors for a school construction project in Ho Chi Minh City. Through a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature and construction expert interviews, the study identifies 26 core criteria for selecting a sustainable construction contractor of school projects. The research findings contribute to systematizing essential criteria for contractor evaluation while proposing a novel contractor selection method grounded in both scientific and practical foundations. This approach enhances the efficiency and objectivity of the decision-making process, assisting project owners and managers in the education sector in making optimal contractor selection decisions.

   9. Current Situation, Challenges, and Some Proposals for Developing the BOT Contract Investment Model in Road Transportation in Vietnam

      Thuan Do Van, Dung Nguyen Thi Tuyet, Nga Hoang Thi Hang, Le Viet Hoa

      Abstract

      In Vietnam, Public–Private Partnership (PPP) models are encouraged in road transportation infrastructure investment, with the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) contract being the most applied form. This type of contract plays a crucial role in the development of road transportation, especially in the context of limited state budget resources and the gradual reduction of Official Development Assistance (ODA) funds. However, BOT investment has recently shown signs of stagnation. This paper examines the current situation, identifies the challenges faced in BOT contract investments in road transportation in Vietnam, and analyzes the influencing factors. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed to further develop this investment model.

   10. Evaluating Critical Success Factors for Construction Projects: A Case Study in Vietnam

       Vu Hong Son Pham, Chau Tu Le, Thuy Dung Dau, Hoang Yen Nhi Le

       Abstract

       Vietnam’s construction sector plays a crucial role in economic growth but faces various challenges such as ineffective project management and lack of sustainability. This study identifies and categorizes critical success factors (CSFs) to enhance management efficiency and promote sustainable development in Vietnamese construction projects. Data were collected from a survey of 192 participants conducted between July and December 2024. Initially, 36 CSFs were identified through a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews, then analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which grouped them into six main groups. The results highlight the importance of organizational capability, project management, sustainability, technology, and infrastructure. The study offers practical insights to help construction enterprises improve management practices, optimize resource allocation, and pursue long-term development goals.

   11. Investigating Sustainable Criteria for Site Selection of Construction WasteWater Treatment Plant: A Case Study in Ho Chi Minh City

       Tran Thanh Ha, Nghia Hoai Nguyen, Angeli Doliente Cabaltica, Tran Minh Dang

       Abstract

       This study aims to identify and prioritize key criteria for the site selection of construction wastewater treatment (WWTP) in Ho Chi Minh City. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to establish a preliminary list of 27 criteria, which were then evaluated through expert surveys using a five-point Likert scale. The Relative Importance Index was applied to quantify the significance of each criterion. The results identified seven criteria as highly important: proximity to water bodies, proximity to human settlements, land use/land cover, proximity to protected areas, proximity to roads, slope, and soil type. These findings provide a basic review of sustainable criteria in selecting WWTP sites that align with the Sustainable Development Goals of HCMC. While the study is limited by a small expert sample and the absence of spatial analysis, it contributes valuable insights for urban infrastructure planning in similar developing contexts.

   12. Modeling Relationships Between BSC-Oriented Attributes and Challenge Factors to Contractors’ Sustainability Productivity Management

       Nguyen Le Minh Long, Truong Van Luu

       Abstract

       This study aims to develop an innovation model for contractors’ sustainability productivity management (CSPM). The Delphi method is based on the KAMET rules to validate the proposed criteria. Semi-structured interviews with industry experts were conducted to refine the model, ensuring its feasibility and relevance in the real world. Developing a comprehensive model through the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) framework. It emphasizes BSC perspectives as a sustainable approach in CSPM. The study also points out some critical challenges that need fixing to make construction more environmentally friendly, including limited technology, limited funds, and workers who cannot change their ways of doing things. This model contributes academically and practically by offering a structured framework for integrating sustainability into contractor productivity management. It provides valuable insights for universities, industry professionals, and policymakers, equipping future construction leaders with sustainable strategies. Moreover, the study contributes to changing the public's perception of the construction industry as not only a resource-intensive and ecologically harmful sector but also has many ways to integrate sustainable development with improving productivity through a harmonious balanced approach between profits, corporate environmental responsibility (CER) and corporate social responsibility (CER) to ensure that development does not compromise and does not harm the interests of future generations, although limited, but the model found in this study is an essential step so that further studies can develop real-world empirical research by adapting to in line with the characteristics of the globalization trend of today's construction activities.

   13. What Are the Risky Behaviors of Residents When Driving? And Do Stress, Mental Fatigue, and Anxiety Affect Them?

       Nguyen Cong Minh Do, Chanh Toan Pham, Manh Thong Vo, Xuan Long Nguyen

       Abstract

       In developing countries, infrastructure and public transportation systems remain limited, and road traffic accidents are predominantly caused by motorcycles. A major contributing factor to these accidents is risky behavior. Such behaviors can be observed across various demographic groups but are most prevalent among young adults. In public health research, beyond cognitive factors and self-confidence, psychological well-being plays a critical role in the emergence of these behaviors. Additionally, external conditions such as weather also influence the likelihood of engaging in risky driving behaviors. This study aims to explore and synthesize the types of risky behaviors commonly exhibited by motorcycle riders, while also examining whether weather factors, and psychological stressors affect the likelihood of these behaviors. The study utilized data from 122 residents in Vietnam. Analyses were conducted based on frequency and Z-score methods. Results indicate that running red lights, using mobile phones while driving, and not wearing helmets are among the most common risky behaviors. Furthermore, individuals who had near-collisions or actual accidents tend to experience higher levels of stress in daily life.

   14. The Influence of Health Conditions and Psychoactive Substances on the Intention to Use Metro

       Xuan Long Nguyen, Chanh Toan Pham, Cong Hau Truong, Nghia Pham

       Abstract

       The development of metro lines is a global trend, playing a crucial role in enhancing safety, accessibility, and reducing air pollution and traffic accidents. An improved urban environment contributes to the creation of sustainable communities, supporting both the physical and mental well-being of residents in areas surrounding metro stations. Encouraging people to use the metro for their daily commutes is considered a key factor in determining the success of TOD projects in urban areas, especially in contexts where communities are transitioning to metro-based transportation. This study employs the two-step clustering analysis and decision tree model to analyze the relationship between health conditions and psychoactive substance uses in a sample of 300 residents in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, to explore their intention to use the metro. The findings provide valuable insights into the integration of public health considerations within the transportation sector, contributing to the development of sustainable communities. Additionally, the research lays the groundwork for proposing solutions to increase public transport usage and support vulnerable social groups.

   15. Factors Affecting Construction Cost Contingencies: An Integrated Analysis of Key Factors in Construction Projects

       Khoa Dang Vo, Phuc Tam Bui, Long Le-Hoai

       Abstract

       Delays and cost overruns are major challenges in construction projects worldwide, especially in rapidly urbanizing cities such as Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Special pressures such as resource constraints and large infrastructure needs contribute to this inefficiency. Research on the factors that impact delays and cost overruns is needed, especially in the local environment. This study identifies and analyzes the main factors that contribute to construction inefficiency in Ho Chi Minh City. A literature review was conducted to identify important factors. A survey was conducted using a 5-point Likert scale with 109 experts, including contractors, owners, and consultants. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Relative Importance Index (RII) to rank factors, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to group-related variables. The five key factors are Finance and Cash Flow, Financial Capacity and Payment Delays, Construction Defects, Legal Factors, and Planning and Scheduling. In addition, the EFA results indicate four components: Contractor and Financial Management, Procurement and Equipment Management, Planning and Decision Making, and External and Stakeholder Management. The priorities for the factors are inconsistent between the owner and the consultant, highlighting the need for closer collaboration. The study emphasizes addressing financial challenges, improving contractor capacity, and promoting stakeholder communication to improve project efficiency and sustainability. The study provides insights that can build an actionable framework to address construction inefficiencies in urbanized areas.

   16. Critical Factors Affecting the Project Management Processeses of Construction Projects in Vietnam from Different Viewpoints of Stakeholders

       Dung T. Dinh, Bao D. Ho, Van Truong Luu

       Abstract

       This paper presents results of identifying critical factors affecting process groups of the project management processes of construction projects in Vietnam. The study collected data from individuals working on construction projects in Hanoi. This study ranked factors using the Relative Influential Index (RINI) from different viewpoints of stakeholders. The study found that two leading critical factors are associated with the initial stage and three with the controlling stage from an overall viewpoint. This information implies that stakeholders of construction projects in Vietnam are often concerned about the initial and controlling phases. Moreover, the least influential factors are associated with the planning stage. This is very intriguing. These findings may be used as a guideline to develop appropriate strategies so that project stakeholders of construction projects in Vietnam improve the efficiency of project management processes.

   17. Social-Demographic and Transportation Habit Effects on Residents’ Intention to Use Metro

       Xuan Long Nguyen, Chanh Toan Pham, Nghia Pham, Ngoc Huy Tru Le, Dinh Truong Duong

       Abstract

       Considered a solution to address traffic congestion and air pollution caused by private vehicles, Metro systems have become widespread across the world and serve as a popular means of transportation in several countries. The influcence area around stations also shape and create “compact areas” called “Transit-Oriented Development ares”. TOD is a strategic plan aimed at promoting growth through the use of metro systems and integrated public transportation as a replacement for personal vehicles. To identify the factors influencing the use of the Metro system by residents in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This study analyzes demographic characteristics and transportation usage habits, while also assessing whether these two factors impact the decision to use the Metro system. The analytical method employed in this study is the CART decision tree (Classification and Regression Tree), using analysis data collected through questionnaires from 300 residents living around station areas in Ho Chi Minh City. The results of this study show that bus usage habits and distance to the Metro station have a strong impact on the intention to use the Metro, while factors such as educational background, age, and income have less influence.

   18. Analyzing Motivators for Facilitating Circular Economy Implementation in Vietnamese Construction Enterprises

       Vu Hong Son Pham, Minh Huy Nguyen, Thuy Dung Dau, Gia Phong Tran, Le Anh Tran

       Abstract

       In order to meet the demand for sustainable development in Vietnam’s construction industry, promoting the circular economy (CE) model is increasingly being recognized as a means to optimize resource use and minimize negative environmental impacts. This study focuses on identifying the key factors that motivate construction enterprises in Vietnam to adopt CE principles. Through a survey conducted with experts in the construction and supply chain management sectors, data was collected to analyze and rank the influence of each factor. Utilizing exploratory factor analysis with SPSS software, the study assessed the primary driving factors for CE implementation in the construction industry. These findings will help enterprises develop strategic approaches to leverage CE principles and foster sustainable development in the future.

   19. Do Social Constructs and Big-5 Personality Traits Affect the Metro Use? An Application of CART in Decision Tree Model

       Chanh Toan Pham, Xuan Long Nguyen, Nghia Pham

       Abstract

       The development of Metro systems induces significant changes in the daily habits and lifestyles of residents in affected areas. A thorough understanding of the characteristics of different population groups, including their personality traits, perceptions, and behaviors, plays a crucial role in transportation and infrastructure planning and investment decision-making. This is particularly important in the context of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), which is being studied and implemented in countries developing Metro systems. This study focuses on exploring the demographic characteristics, and personality traits of 300 residents living in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, to analyze the relationship between these factors and their intention to use the Metro. The Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis method, within the decision tree modeling framework, is applied to provide valuable insights for transportation planning that align with the personality traits and perceptions of residents. Emphasizing the psychological well-being of residents is a critical step in enhancing social sustainability and equity, particularly in ensuring accessibility and usability of transportation services.

   20. Assessing the Attributes Influencing Construction Project Performance from the Perspective of Different Stakeholders

       Van Luy Tong, Truong Van Luu

       Abstract

       The objective of this study is to evaluate which attributes, as viewed by investors, project managers, contractors, and consultants mostly influence the construction project’s performance. Based on the survey results, the study calculated the mean value to assess the importance of each attribute and ranked them based on the views of each interviewee. The results show six attributes with clear stakeholder consensus: Disputes between the parties in construction project (PA22); Quality of equipment and materials (PA24); Quality of construction design (PA25); Planning for construction projects (PO19), Plan to cooperate with suppliers (PA26) and Ability to absorb knowledge (PE12). In terms of theory, this study fills a void by synthesizing the multiple stakeholder perspective in a structured evaluation of construction project performance build on. In practice, they provide project managers, policymakers and industry practitioners with recommendations and ways of alleviating the tackling of dispute resolution process and supplier collaboration, as well as promoting knowledge sharing mechanisms. Research is needed to elucidate relationships of these attributes and investigate their micro and macro long-term effects on sustainable construction project management.

   21. Application of Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Worker Safety Harness Usage During Work at Height to Enhance Safety Risk Management

       Vu Hong Son Pham, Le Anh Tran, Bui Dang Khoa, Quang Truong Nguyen

       Abstract

       Ensuring safety for workers is an important challenge in the industrial environment. This study introduced a computer-based approach to improve safety management and reduce workplace accidents on construction sites. The proposed system utilized the YOLOv11 algorithm to detect hazardous workers, particularly during steel structure installation at heights. The AI-based detector focuses on monitoring safety harness compliance, ensuring that workers adhere to safety regulations. The model was trained on a dataset of construction workers wearing safety harnesses, incorporating images from Vietnamese sites to capture variations in harness styles, shapes, colors, and working postures. The dataset was divided into 67% for training, 24% for validation, and 9% for testing, with YOLOv11 used for object detection. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness in identifying dangerous positions, automatically detecting whether workers are wearing safety harnesses, reducing response time, and fostering a proactive safety culture. This study highlights the potential of real-time monitoring as a transformative tool for improving worker safety, ensuring compliance with safety standards, and enhancing safety risk management.

   22. An Assessment of Critical Success Factors for Mitigating Cost Overruns in Public Infrastructure Construction

       Vu Hong Son Pham, Minh Nhut Tran, Thuy Dung Dau, Le Anh Tran

       Abstract

       In the dynamic and high-stakes realm of the public sector, cost overruns not only disrupt budgets but also hinder project completion. This study aims to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) essential for minimizing such overruns, which are vital for ensuring financial and operational efficiency. Based on a comprehensive analysis of thirty-nine influential factors derived from expert feedback and relevant documentation, the research employed exploratory factor analysis to distill these into five core success factors. Among them, the availability of high-quality databases and resources emerged as pivotal in mitigating excessive costs and enhancing budgetary efficiency. These findings offer a strategic framework for project managers and policymakers, providing actionable insights to optimize cost control and ensure the successful delivery of public sector projects.