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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

6. A Comparative Study of the China Factor in Taiwan and Hong Kong Elections

verfasst von : Karl Ho, Stan Hok-wui Wong, Harold D. Clarke, Kuan-Chen Lee

Erschienen in: Taiwan’s Political Re-Alignment and Diplomatic Challenges

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter probes the economic dimension of the China factor in Taiwan and Hong Kong politics. We discuss how economic integration efforts affect elections and party competitions in smaller states neighboring China. Research on globalization suggests that freer international trade redistributes wealth among big and small states and reshapes local or regional political cleavages. Growing inequalities among and within these states could consequently reinforce localist identities and pro-independence movements. In the case of China, economic integration manifested in recent free trade treaties with Taiwan and Hong Kong coincides with the rise of localism and state-wide protests against further integration. In this study, we examine the micro-level connections between economic integration and political disintegration using new survey data about public perceptions of China in these societies.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Party’s Issue Competence and Electoral Decisions in Taiwan’s 2012 and 2016 Presidential Elections

Nächstes Kapitel Consensus Found and Consensus Lost: Taiwan’s 2016 Election, the “1992 Consensus,” and Cross-Strait Relations

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The term “political integration” covers a wide spectrum of “union” forms, including full unification on one end and loose community or regional bloc-based or common institutions on the other. In the case of Taiwan, integration could be in the form ranging from joining the PRC to becoming one country following the Hong Kong model under “one country, two systems” to a loose unionization adopting or adapting the Europe Common Market or European Community model. In this study, we do not limit our definition of political integration to any form but point to a general direction toward closer cooperation or agglomeration through common institutional developments.

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According to the trade pact, Taiwan would enjoy a tariff cut as much as $14 billion on 539 exports to China, and corresponding figures for China would be $3 billion and 267 exports. (See the BBC report titled “Historic Taiwan-China trade deal takes effect,” http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-11275274. See also Republic of China Mainland Affair Council document titled, “Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA) Background,” http://www.mac.gov.tw/public/data/051116322071.pdf.)

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Alesina, Spolaore, and Wacziarg, “Economic Integration,” 1293.

Alesina, Alberto, Enrico Spolaore, and Romain Wacziarg. Economic integration and political disintegration. No. w6163. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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The policy includes opening up direct mail, transportation and trade exchanges between the PRC and ROC Taiwan, according to the Mainland Affairs Council, ROC Taiwan (http://www.mac.gov.tw/en/News_Content.aspx?n=AEC54CE1BB842CD0&sms=7C0CA8982E163402&s=A514E2F510401BC1).

According to the Republic of China (Taiwan) National Statistics website, (http://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/data/dgbas03/bs4/ninews_e/10411/enewtotal10411.pdf).

According to the Republic of China (Taiwan) Tourism Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communication (http://stat.taiwan.net.tw/system/country_years_arrival.html).

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According to the 12th Annual Demographia International Housing Affordability Survey (2016), the index is a ratio of average house price and annual income. In the Hong Kong case, an average apartment price is 19 times the citizens’ average annual income.

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For comparison purpose, we did not include the independence/unification variable, but such issue positions can be estimated through the party or leader support variable in the Taiwan case.

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Titel: A Comparative Study of the China Factor in Taiwan and Hong Kong Elections
verfasst von: Karl Ho
Stan Hok-wui Wong
Harold D. Clarke
Kuan-Chen Lee
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Taiwan’s Political Re-Alignment and Diplomatic Challenges
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-77124-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-77125-0

Copyright-Jahr: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77125-0_6