A comprehensive survey on optimization techniques for efficient cluster based routing in WSN

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has tiny sensor devices that sense the environment, collect the environmental data and transmit it to the sink by using collaborative processing. WSN are applied in variety of applications including healthcare, traffic monitoring system, disaster management system, etc. The resource constraint nodes and unattended environment in WSN make challenges in the energy efficiency. To address this challenge, various researchers have proposed numerous mechanisms to provide energy efficiency during routing process. Among them, cluster oriented routing is the best technique to provide efficient energy optimization to the nodes in WSN. Recently optimization-based clustering and routing techniques provides best solution to address the energy optimization problem in WSN. In this paper, survey on optimization and clustering based routing techniques is presented. Moreover, a comprehensive comparison with various performance metrics has been carried out to understand the efficiency of optimization algorithms for providing efficient routing and clustering process in the network. Finally, this survey work provides the future directions for the upcoming researchers to device various mechanisms on optimization based routing and clustering in WSN.