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Erschienen in:
The Education of a Young Hegelian Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. A New Conception of History

verfasst von : Stefano Petrucciani

Erschienen in: The Ideas of Karl Marx

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter outlines a critical reconstruction of Karl Marx’s theory of history, which is developed mainly in The German Ideology and in the Preface of 1859 to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy. Historical materialism is presented in this chapter as a fundamental revolution in the way of thinking history, but also as a theory characterized by some unsolved problems, as, for example, the one regarding the exact meaning of the “determination” that the economic structure exerts over the ideological superstructure and the difficult relation between truth and history.

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Vorheriges Kapitel The Discovery of Economics
Nächstes Kapitel A Time for Revolution: Marx and 1848
Fußnoten
1
Giuseppe Bedeschi, Introduzione a Marx (Roma-Bari: Laterza, 2005), 78–79.
 
2
Karl Marx, “Theses on Feuerbach,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 5 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 3.
 
3
Ibid., 4.
 
4
Ibid.
 
5
Ibid.
 
6
Ibid., 5.
 
7
Ibid., 4.
 
8
Karl Marx, Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 29 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 264.
 
9
Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels, “The German Ideology,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 5 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 39.
 
10
Ibid., 40.
 
11
Corrado Ocone aptly talks of «ideal-realism» in his precise and brief: Corrado Ocone, Karl Marx (Roma: LUISS University Press, 2008).
 
12
As correctly noted by: Paolo Vinci, La forma filosofia in Marx: commento all’Ideologia tedesca (Roma: Cadmo, 1981).
 
13
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 61.
 
14
In my opinion, however, The German Ideology represents only one step, if surely relevant, among the many that characterize Marx’s continuous process of critical thinking. On the other hand, the harsh assessment of The German Ideology by Finelli seems unwarranted: Roberto Finelli, Astrazione e dialettica dal romanticismo al capitalismo (Roma: Bulzoni, 1987).
 
15
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 236.
 
16
Concerning these “real premises” see: Ibid., 31, 37, 434.
 
17
Ibid., 31.
 
18
Ibid., 43n.
 
19
Karl Marx, Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 35 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 188. Concerning labor, in Marx and more generally, cf. the: Georg Lukács, Ontology of Social Being, Volume 3: Labour (London: Merlin Press, 1980).
 
20
Fineschi clarifies that «the labor process is characterized by four elements: labor, the means of labor, the object of labor, and its purpose»: Roberto Fineschi, Ripartire da Marx (Napoli: La Città del Sole, 2001), 35.
 
21
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 44.
 
22
Theodor W. Adorno, Negative Dialectics (London: Routledge, 1973), 183–86.
 
23
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 42.
 
24
Ibid., 43.
 
25
Ibid., 32.
 
26
Ibid.
 
27
Ibid., 50.
 
28
Ibid., 38.
 
29
Ibid., 52.
 
30
For an accurate and “analytic” reconstruction of Marx’s thesis, see: Gerald A. Cohen, Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defence (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1978). See also the important: G. Cazzaniga, Funzione e conflitto: forme e classi nella teoria marxista dello sviluppo (Napoli: Liguori, 1981).
 
31
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 46.
 
32
Adorno, Negative Dialectics, 321–22.
 
33
Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels, “The Poverty of Philosophy,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 6 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 132.
 
34
Marx, Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 29, 263–64.
 
35
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 32–34.
 
36
Ibid., 82, emphasis added.
 
37
On topic, cf. Gianni Sofri, Il modo di produzione asiatico. Storia di una controversia marxista (Torino: Einaudi, 1969).
 
38
Marx, Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 29, 263.
 
39
Friedrich Engels, “Preface to the 1888 English Edition of the Manifesto of the Communist Party,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 26 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 517.
 
40
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 50.
 
41
Ibid., 154.
 
42
Ibid., 55.
 
43
Ibid., 84.
 
44
Ibid., 60.
 
45
Ibid., 59.
 
46
Ibid., 60.
 
47
Ibid., 48.
 
48
Ibid., 47.
 
49
Ibid., 48.
 
50
Ibid., 51.
 
51
Ibid., 60.
 
52
Ibid., 61–62.
 
53
Ibid., 45.
 
54
Ibid., 49.
 
55
Ibid., 81.
 
56
Ibid.
 
57
Ibid., 88.
 
58
Ibid., 81.
 
59
Ibid., 48–49.
 
60
Ibid., 49.
 
61
Ibid., 213.
 
62
Ibid., 225–27. On this topic, it is important to read: Ferruccio Andolfi, L’egoismo e l’abnegazione. L’itinerario etico della sinistra hegeliana e il socialismo (Milano: Franco Angeli, 1983).
 
63
Marx, and Engels, “The German Ideology,” 256.
 
64
Ibid., 419. Concerning Marx’s assessment of morality, see the beautiful: Steven Lukes, Marxism and Morality (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985). For an overview of the debate on the topic, see: Stefano Petrucciani, and Francesco Saverio Trincia, eds. Marx in America. Individui, etica, scelte razionali (Roma: Editori Riuniti, 1992).
 
65
Friedrich Engels, “Letter to Joseph Bloch. 21–22 September 1890,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 49 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010).
 
66
Friedrich Engels, “Letter to Conrad Schmidt. 5 August 1890,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 49 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010).
 
67
Marx, and Engels, “The Poverty of Philosophy,” 166.
 
68
Ibid., 147.
 
69
Karl Marx, “Letter to Annenkov. 28 December 1846,” in Marx and Engels Collected Works, Volume 38 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2010), 96.
 
70
Jürgen Habermas, Communication and the Evolution of Society (Boston: Beacon Press, 1979), 143.
 
71
Cornelius Castoriadis, The Imaginary Institution of Society (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987), 116–17.
 
Metadaten
Titel
A New Conception of History
verfasst von
Stefano Petrucciani
Copyright-Jahr
2020
Buch
The Ideas of Karl Marx

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-52350-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-52351-0

Copyright-Jahr: 2020

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52351-0_4