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Erschienen in:
Introduction: Reframing the Notion of Sustainable Economy Through Perspectives on Limits, Tensions and Paradoxes Within the System Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

A Prospective Analysis of CO2 Emissions for Electric Vehicles and the Energy Sectors in China, France and the US (2010–2050)

verfasst von : Wenhui Tian, Pascal da Costa

Erschienen in: Towards a Sustainable Economy

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Within the landscape of global warming and energy transition, many countries have announced nationally aligned contributions in reducing their CO2 emissions (COP21 and 22, in 2015 and 2016 respectively). With the aim of evaluating the maturing and the success of these targets, technology roadmaps are necessary and serve a twofold function in the evaluative process. They serve as points of comparisons between each other and they are yardsticks by which to measure change for the 2050 horizon.
In this chapter, technology roadmaps are studied for three representative countries: China, France and the United States of America. The roadmaps cover the sectors responsible for the greatest part of CO2 emissions, i.e. the power, transport, residence and industry sectors. They also cover the impact of the main technologies, i.e. carbon capture and storage, energy efficiency and electric vehicles. This chapter thus assesses the future of energy trends and especially shows that the deployment of electric vehicles shall prove crucial for reaching the commitments towards contributions at national levels.

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Vorheriges Kapitel The Paradoxes of the European Energy Market Regulation: A Historical and Structural Analysis of the Electricity Mix
Nächstes Kapitel Business Model Design: Lessons Learned from Tesla Motors
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Fußnoten
1
The details of our model can be found in Appendix 1.
 
2
The details of parameter settings and electricity outputs can be found in Appendix 2.
 
3
The projections of cars number in France and the US are more optimist than those of the (IEA 2014). The car number projections in different studies can be controversial in terms of various assumptions. For example the personal cars number in 2050 are projected to be about half of that in 2010 according to the projection of (Alazard-Toux et al. 2014). In this chapter, we project evolution of the car numbers in countries following their historical growth trends without involving other parameters in order to make a simplified and clear assumption.
 
4
The projection of cars number in China in 2050 is at the same level than (IEA 2014) baseline.
 
5
In 2013, the GHG emissions were 9% below 2005 level, according to the “U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report: 1990–2013”.
 
6
In 2013, the CO2 intensity had been decreased by 28.5% compared to 2005. According to the “Plan for the Climate Change (2014–2020)” released in september in 2014 by the Chinese government, the objective of reducing CO2 intensity in 2020 was not changed.
 
7
This CO2 emission is calculated with the baseline scenario of GDP according (HSBC 2011). Note the GDP using Purchasing Power Parities in China will be $57,784 billion in 2050, about six times of the 2010 level.
 
8
In 2012, the CO2 emissions from the fuel combustions in France were 5.4% less than its 1990 level, according to (MEDDE and CDC Climat Recherche 2015).
 
9
The share of oil is not presented because negligible compared to that of coal and gas, normally lower 5%.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
A Prospective Analysis of CO2 Emissions for Electric Vehicles and the Energy Sectors in China, France and the US (2010–2050)
verfasst von
Wenhui Tian
Pascal da Costa
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Buch
Towards a Sustainable Economy

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-79059-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-79060-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-79060-2_3