A Review on Clustering Algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks for Optimal Energy Utilisation

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a structure whose construction and design typically consist of the distributed sensor nodes. This type of networks is applicable to variety of domains. The application of WSN consists of Military and security forces, disaster management, health monitoring, agriculture and irrigation sector, etc. The biggest hurdle that comes across in WSN is its intrinsic nature of limited power. It is the most challenging thing which affects the lifetime of the sensor network. That is the main reason due to which there is a need to develop the systems for saving the power utilization in WSN. For optimal use of the power in WSN so as to improvise the network lifetime data transfer path are selected in such a way that the total energy requirement for transferring the data along the path is minimized. Cluster-Based data aggregation in WSN is one such way that plays a vital role in minimizing energy consumption. In the clustering, the cluster heads are selected that gathers data from sensor nodes. This process is called as data aggregation. The aggregated data is then transferred to the base station. Using this way the sensor nodes overhead of transferring the data to BS will be reduced, thus reducing the energy consumption of the network. In this paper, we present the various existing researches conducted for minimum energy utilization and improvising network lifetime. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a structure whose construction and design consist of the distributed sensor nodes. This type of networks is applicable to a variety of domain. The application of WSN consists of Military and security forces, disaster management, health monitoring, agriculture and irrigation sector, etc. The biggest hurdle that comes across in WSN is its intrinsic nature of limited power. It is the most challenging thing which affects the lifetime of the sensor network. That is the main reason due to which there is a need to develop the systems for saving the power utilization in WSN. For optimal use of the power in WSN so as to improvise the network lifetime data transfer path are selected in such a way that the total energy requirement for transferring the data along the path is minimized. Cluster-Based data aggregation in WSN is one such way that plays a vital role in minimizing energy consumption. In the clustering, the cluster heads are selected that gathers data from sensor nodes. This process is called as data aggregation. The aggregated data is then transferred to the base station. Using this way the sensor nodes overhead of transferring the data to BS will be reduced, thus reducing the energy consumption of the network. In this paper, we present the various existing researches conducted for minimum energy utilization and improvising network lifetime.