7. A Synergy-Driven Approach to a Myoelectric Hand

The primary causes of amputation are trauma, disease, and war, the proportions of which are skewed towards the former two in developed countries and the latter in the developing world. It is estimated that one in 200 people in the United States have a missing limb [148], although global numbers are difficult to estimate [149]. Following amputation, an individual must overcome significant physical and functional loss as well as the psychological trauma of change in independence and appearance. Prostheses have emerged to help cope with these immense changes. Body-powered prostheses were created to restore function and have seen great advancements in the last century. These prostheses provide several benefits including functionality, robustness, and limited sensory feedback. The next generation of prostheses has seen the incorporation of electronic components controlled via electromyographic (EMG) signals from the muscles in the residual limb. These myoelectric prostheses can provide greater control of the hand and a more aesthetically pleasing appearance.