A Systematic Review of Quantitative Measurement Methods for Accessibility of Urban Infrastructure

The current rapid urbanization process has led to an uneven distribution of infrastructure, which has brought about many environmental and social problems. Therefore, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the construction of urban infrastructure in order to better plan the direction of urban development and cope with social problems such as educational resources, public health, and aging. As a common spatial indicator in urban geography studies, accessibility is an important tool for monitoring and constructing urban development patterns, as well as an indicator of fairness in resource allocation reflecting sociological studies, and the most common method used in the existing literature to evaluate the fairness of infrastructure facilities is also accessibility analysis. The traditional accessibility review is too simple in its methodological analysis, and with the development of information technology, it does not include many new methods in its examination. Therefore, this thesis adopts a systematic review approach to comprehensively analyze the strengths and weaknesses of existing methods, their scope of application, and perspectives of concern, and to gain a clearer understanding of future accessibility method improvements. It is found that the subjective factors of residents, i.e., mobility and consumption level, are rarely considered when examining factors affecting accessibility; current accessibility measures mainly examine accessibility at a certain time slice, i.e., static accessibility, and less research is conducted on dynamic accessibility, which is particularly important for certain facilities, such as emergency medical facilities; accessibility is mainly studied for common green spaces, transportation, and medical facilities. Therefore, accessibility measures are more oriented to spatial accessibility, and less attention is paid to non-spatial accessibility.