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Erschienen in:
2012 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
2. A Test of Kimura’s Mutation-Rate Conjecture
verfasst von : John W. Drake
Erschienen in: Radiobiology and Environmental Security
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
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Abstract
Mutation is the first of the four great engines of evolution and the prime source of heritable variation in all living and semi-living organisms and their molecular parasites. As a result, the processes and products of mutation have been deeply explored at both the phenomenological and the mechanistic levels for more than a century. There has been notable progress at both levels over the last half century, with the result that the phylogeny of mutation has become fairly well codified, especially the rates and kinds of mutation in as diverse organisms as could be probed. These explorations began to coalesce in the 1990s and soon comprised a small number of broad generalizations. These include very high genomic mutation rates in riboviruses and some higher eukaryotes, and strikingly similar genomic mutation rates in most DNA microbes. However, highly informative exceptions have recently been observed.