A unidirectional 3D antenna for biomedical microwave imaging based detection of abnormality in human body

Conventional medical imaging systems to identify abnormality in human body, are not quick, savvy or convenient. Imaging systems like magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, etc. brought human health concerns due to the ionizing radiation. This study is opted to design and performance analysis of a 3D antenna in context of microwave imaging which can be affordable for primary health observation that has no health risk. A directive three dimensional antenna, using folded radiating structure, has been presented for the application of microwave imaging in clinical diagnosis. Two reflector walls help to achieve higher gain and directive radiation. The antenna obtained operating band at 1.67–1.74 GHz. The dimension of the 3D radiating structure is 40 × 25 × 10.5 mm³ with an average realized gain of 5.2 dB. Finally, two prototypes of the antenna are used to perform detection of a malignant tumour in a breast phantom through the application of feasible signal processing technique.