1. Activity-Based Modeling for Integration of Energy Systems for House and Electric Vehicle

This chapter introduces an activity-based approach to model home and transport energy demand. In this method, in-home and out-of-home activities are simulated and home and transport energy demands are quantified accordingly. This method enables quantification of energy demand with realistic temporal variation. An important application of this method is the analysis of an energy management system that integrates a home and an electric vehicle, which can be achieved when in-home and out-of-home activity is consistently modeled. If this method is applied to a group of households, electricity demand flexibility that electric vehicles and various home appliances, such as washing machines and electric water heaters, provide can be quantified. To model home energy demand, occupancy and in-home activities such as sleeping, cooking, and laundry are stochastically simulated. Appliance operation and energy consumption are determined based on simulated occupancy and activity. To model transport energy demand, out-of-home activity is modeled as trips considering travel time, duration, destination, and mode (e.g., car, walk, and train). Energy consumption derived from the trip is then quantified accordingly. To develop models, data describing people’s activity, which many countries conduct surveys to collect, are used. After introducing the modeling approach, this chapter presents a case study to demonstrate how data provided by time use and person-trip surveys are used in model development and how home and transport energy demands are integrated through activity modeling.