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Empirical Economics

Erschienen in:

04.07.2017

Agglomeration, ownership, and R&D activity: firm-level evidence from China’s electronics industry

verfasst von: Chih-Hai Yang, Chia-Hui Huang

Erschienen in: Empirical Economics | Ausgabe 4/2018

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Abstract

This paper examines the influences of spatial and research and development (R&D) agglomerations on firm R&D behaviour. Analysis of firm-level data from China’s electronics industry reveals that both spatial and R&D agglomerations are positively related to R&D, highlighting the importance of network effects of agglomeration. Multinational enterprises invest less in R&D compared with domestic firms, because they tend to allocate R&D activity to the parent firm, leaving their Chinese affiliates to focus on manufacturing. No significant difference in R&D investment is observed between state-owned enterprises and private firms in China. These findings are confirmed through various robustness checks.

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Empirical researches on the influence of agglomeration on firm performance include productivity (Lall et al. 2004; Lin et al. 2011), the degree of diversity (Eriksson and Lindgren 2009), and export performance (Malmberg et al. 2000).

Therefore, numerous countries have adopted the strategy of establishing science parks for the development of high-tech industries and promotion of technological capacity.

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For example, patents could be used to help fight against possible litigation. Cohen et al. (2000) find that firms view patents as inferior to trade secrecy and lead-time to market for protecting intellectual assets. Moreover, the propensity to patent is no doubt in part dictated by firm idiosyncrasies. The discussion regarding using patents as an indicator of innovations, pleases see Nagaoka et al. (2010).

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The calculated EG and RDEG in terms of province level and city level are displayed in the Appendix Table 6. In practice, the EG-index may be negative in some regions, implying there is an even less degree of concentration than would be yielded from a simply random distribution. This situation has been indicated in previous agglomeration studies.

The regional variable, BOHAI, includes firms located in Shandong, Tianjin, and Beijing. The YZRDELTA region contains the Shanghai and Jiangsu provinces, whereas the PRDELTA region includes only the Guangdong province. In order to save space, the estimates for the region variables are not shown in these results.

There are a total of 56 parks nationwide in 2009.

We have also implemented the estimates on the R&D intensity equation and find similar results that the estimated elasticity of agglomerations on R&D increases.

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Titel: Agglomeration, ownership, and R&D activity: firm-level evidence from China’s electronics industry
verfasst von: Chih-Hai Yang
Chia-Hui Huang
Publikationsdatum: 04.07.2017
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Empirical Economics / Ausgabe 4/2018
Print ISSN: 0377-7332
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-8921
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-017-1292-8

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