Skip to main content

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Aging Mitigation Techniques for Microprocessors Using Anti-aging Software

verfasst von : Haider Muhi Abbas, Mark Zwolinski, Basel Halak

Erschienen in: Ageing of Integrated Circuits

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In this chapter, we will aim to reverse the aging stress on the functional units of the processor by applying high-level workloads as anti-aging patterns into the stressed component. We present a time-redundant technique to mitigate negative and positive bias temperature instability (NBTI/PBTI) aging effects on the combinational units of a processor. We have analysed the sources and effects of aging from the device level to the instruction set architecture (ISA) level and have found that an application may stress the critical paths in such a way that the combinational circuit has half of its nodes always NBTI-stressed. To mitigate this behaviour, we propose an application-level solution to balance the stress and put the timing-critical gates of the critical path into a relaxed (balanced) mode. The results show that the lifetime of the system can be extended by applying balanced stress patterns at a higher level of abstraction and during the idle time of a processor system.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
The technology is not important because the technique depends on reversing the SP(0) rather than estimating the aging. Hence, it is also independent of the BTI model.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Arora, M., Manne, S., Paul, I., Jayasena, N., & Tullsen, D. M. (2015). Understanding idle behavior and power gating mechanisms in the context of modern benchmarks on cpu-gpu integrated systems. In 2015 IEEE 21st international symposium on high performance computer architecture (HPCA) (pp. 366–377). IEEE. Arora, M., Manne, S., Paul, I., Jayasena, N., & Tullsen, D. M. (2015). Understanding idle behavior and power gating mechanisms in the context of modern benchmarks on cpu-gpu integrated systems. In 2015 IEEE 21st international symposium on high performance computer architecture (HPCA) (pp. 366–377). IEEE.
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Barrett, S. F., & Pack, D. J. (2005). Microcontrollers fundamentals for engineers and scientists. Synthesis Lectures on Digital Circuits and Systems, 1(1), 1–124.CrossRef Barrett, S. F., & Pack, D. J. (2005). Microcontrollers fundamentals for engineers and scientists. Synthesis Lectures on Digital Circuits and Systems, 1(1), 1–124.CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat James FCox. Fundamentals of linear electronics: Integrated and discrete. Cengage Learning,2002. James FCox. Fundamentals of linear electronics: Integrated and discrete. Cengage Learning,2002.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Guthaus, M. R., Ringenberg, J. S., Ernst, D., Austin, T. M., Mudge, T., & Brown, R. B. (2001). Mibench: A free, commercially representative embedded benchmark suite. In Workloadcharacterization, 2001. WWC-4. 2001 IEEE international workshop on (pp. 3–14). IEEE. Guthaus, M. R., Ringenberg, J. S., Ernst, D., Austin, T. M., Mudge, T., & Brown, R. B. (2001). Mibench: A free, commercially representative embedded benchmark suite. In Workloadcharacterization, 2001. WWC-4. 2001 IEEE international workshop on (pp. 3–14). IEEE.
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Binkert, N., Beckmann, B., Black, G., hardt, S. K. R., Saidi, A., Basu, A., Hestness, J., Hower, D. R., Krishna, T., Sardashti, S., et al. (2011). The gem5 simulator. ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News, 39(2), 1–7.CrossRef Binkert, N., Beckmann, B., Black, G., hardt, S. K. R., Saidi, A., Basu, A., Hestness, J., Hower, D. R., Krishna, T., Sardashti, S., et al. (2011). The gem5 simulator. ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News, 39(2), 1–7.CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Karimi, N., Karthik Kanuparthi, A., Wang, X., Sinanoglu, O., & Karri, R. (2015). Magic: Malicious aging in circuits/cores. ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO), 12(1), 5. Karimi, N., Karthik Kanuparthi, A., Wang, X., Sinanoglu, O., & Karri, R. (2015). Magic: Malicious aging in circuits/cores. ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO), 12(1), 5.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Lorenz, D., Georgakos, G., & Schlichtmann, U. (2009). Aging analysis of circuit timing considering NBTI and HCI. In On-line testing symposium, 2009. IOLTS 2009. 15th IEEE international (pp. 3–8). IEEE. Lorenz, D., Georgakos, G., & Schlichtmann, U. (2009). Aging analysis of circuit timing considering NBTI and HCI. In On-line testing symposium, 2009. IOLTS 2009. 15th IEEE international (pp. 3–8). IEEE.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Abella, J., Vera, X., & Gonzalez, A. (2007). Penelope: The NBTI- aware processor. In Proceedings of the 40th annual IEEE/ACM international symposium on microarchitecture (pp. 85–96). IEEE Com- puter Society. Abella, J., Vera, X., & Gonzalez, A. (2007). Penelope: The NBTI- aware processor. In Proceedings of the 40th annual IEEE/ACM international symposium on microarchitecture (pp. 85–96). IEEE Com- puter Society.
Metadaten
Titel
Aging Mitigation Techniques for Microprocessors Using Anti-aging Software
verfasst von
Haider Muhi Abbas
Mark Zwolinski
Basel Halak
Copyright-Jahr
2020
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23781-3_3

Neuer Inhalt