Skip to main content
Erschienen in: AI & SOCIETY 1/2019

04.02.2017 | Original Article

AI and education: the importance of teacher and student relations

verfasst von: Alex Guilherme

Erschienen in: AI & SOCIETY | Ausgabe 1/2019

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

A defining aspect of our modern age is our tenacious belief in technology in all walks of life, not least in education. It could be argued that this infatuation with technology or ‘techno-philia’ in education has had a deep impact in the classroom changing the relationship between teacher and student, as well as between students; that is, these relations have become increasingly more I–It than I–Thou based because the capacity to form bonds, the level of connectedness between teacher and students, and between students has either decreased or become impaired by the increasing technologisation of education. Running parallel to this and perhaps exacerbating the problem is the so-called process of ‘learnification’, which understands that teachers are mere facilitators of the learning process, rather than someone with an expertise who has something to teach others. In this article, I first assess the current technologisation of education and the impact it has had in relations within the classroom; second, I characterise Buber’s I–It and I–Thou relations and its implications for education; finally, I investigate through a thought experiment if the development of AI could 1 day successfully replace human teachers in the classroom.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
For instance, the issue of ‘technological inclusion’ of individuals through education has deep social, political and economic effects, such as individuals being fit to join the labour market and contribute to the economic development of societies; likewise, ‘technological exclusion’ present us with serious social, political and economic problems, such as unemployment. In addition, the use of technology in education may change educational contexts, their geography, as well as the dynamics between individual.
 
2
Christensen (1997: 8) notes that the successful use of technology in the classroom is highly dependent on teachers’ attitudes towards computer as well as expertise and experience in the use of technology.
 
3
I note that some can argue that given that the concept of education as Bildung, as character formation, could be used politically and for ideological purposes, then the notion of education as Erziehung, the learning of skills is preferable because it would be perceived as being more natural and not political. However, as Paulo Freire taught us ‘all education is political’ and therefore Bildung can be conceived as the formation of critical individuals and citizens, whilst Erziehung as a form of ‘banking education’ and ‘domestication of the masses’ (cf. Freire 1996).
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Apple M (1988) Teachers and texts: a political economy of class and gender relations in education. Routledge, London Apple M (1988) Teachers and texts: a political economy of class and gender relations in education. Routledge, London
Zurück zum Zitat Asimov I (1950) I, Robot. Gnome Press, New York Asimov I (1950) I, Robot. Gnome Press, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Avnon D (1998) Martin Buber: the hidden dialogue. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Lanham Avnon D (1998) Martin Buber: the hidden dialogue. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Lanham
Zurück zum Zitat Biesta GJJ (2010) Good education in an age of measurement: Ethics, politics and democracy. Paradigm Publishers, Boulder Biesta GJJ (2010) Good education in an age of measurement: Ethics, politics and democracy. Paradigm Publishers, Boulder
Zurück zum Zitat Biesta GJJ (2013) Receiving the gift of teaching: From ‘learning from’ to ‘being taught by’. Stud Philos Educ 32:449–461CrossRef Biesta GJJ (2013) Receiving the gift of teaching: From ‘learning from’ to ‘being taught by’. Stud Philos Educ 32:449–461CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boulay B, Luckin R (2015) Modelling human teaching tactics and strategies for tutorimh systems: 14 Years On. In: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Education, earlyview, pp 1–12 Boulay B, Luckin R (2015) Modelling human teaching tactics and strategies for tutorimh systems: 14 Years On. In: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Education, earlyview, pp 1–12
Zurück zum Zitat Buber M (1923, 2004) I and thou. Continuum, London Buber M (1923, 2004) I and thou. Continuum, London
Zurück zum Zitat Buber M (1925, 1961a) The Address on Education. In Between Man and Man. Collins, London Buber M (1925, 1961a) The Address on Education. In Between Man and Man. Collins, London
Zurück zum Zitat Buber M (1939, 1961b) The Education of Character. In: Between Man and Man. Collins, London Buber M (1939, 1961b) The Education of Character. In: Between Man and Man. Collins, London
Zurück zum Zitat Carroll J, McKendree J (1987) Interface design issues for advice-giving expert systems. Commun ACM 30(1):14–31CrossRef Carroll J, McKendree J (1987) Interface design issues for advice-giving expert systems. Commun ACM 30(1):14–31CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Christensen R (1997) Effect of technology integration education on the attitudes of teachers and their students. PhD Thesis, University of North Texas Christensen R (1997) Effect of technology integration education on the attitudes of teachers and their students. PhD Thesis, University of North Texas
Zurück zum Zitat Flood M (1951) Report on a Seminar on Organizational Science, P-7857, The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica Flood M (1951) Report on a Seminar on Organizational Science, P-7857, The RAND Corporation, Santa Monica
Zurück zum Zitat Freire P (1996) Pedagogy or the oppressed. Penguin Books, London Freire P (1996) Pedagogy or the oppressed. Penguin Books, London
Zurück zum Zitat Guilherme A (2014) Reflexions on Buber’s ‘living-centre’: conceiving of the teacher as ‘the builder’ and teaching as a ‘situational revelation’. Stud Philos Educ 34(3):245–262CrossRef Guilherme A (2014) Reflexions on Buber’s ‘living-centre’: conceiving of the teacher as ‘the builder’ and teaching as a ‘situational revelation’. Stud Philos Educ 34(3):245–262CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kritt D, Winegar L (2007) Education and technology: critical perspectives, possible futures. Lexington, Lanham Kritt D, Winegar L (2007) Education and technology: critical perspectives, possible futures. Lexington, Lanham
Zurück zum Zitat Kuhn T (1977) The Essential Tension. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 240–265 Kuhn T (1977) The Essential Tension. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 240–265
Zurück zum Zitat Laura RS, Chapman A (2009) The technologisation of education: philosophical reflections on being too plugged. Int J Child Spiritual 14(3):289–298CrossRef Laura RS, Chapman A (2009) The technologisation of education: philosophical reflections on being too plugged. Int J Child Spiritual 14(3):289–298CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lepper MR, Woolverton M (2002) The wisdom of practice: lessons learned from the study of highly effective tutors. In: Aronson JM (ed) Improving academic achievement: impact of psychological factors on education. Academic, New York, pp 135–158CrossRef Lepper MR, Woolverton M (2002) The wisdom of practice: lessons learned from the study of highly effective tutors. In: Aronson JM (ed) Improving academic achievement: impact of psychological factors on education. Academic, New York, pp 135–158CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McCorduck P (1979) Machines who think: a personal inquiry into the history and prospect of artificial intelligence. Freeman, San Francisco McCorduck P (1979) Machines who think: a personal inquiry into the history and prospect of artificial intelligence. Freeman, San Francisco
Zurück zum Zitat McCorduck P (1985) The universal machine: confessions of a technological optimist. McGraw-Hill, New York McCorduck P (1985) The universal machine: confessions of a technological optimist. McGraw-Hill, New York
Zurück zum Zitat McCorduck P (1988) Artificial Intelligence: An Aperçu. Daedalus 177(1):65–83 McCorduck P (1988) Artificial Intelligence: An Aperçu. Daedalus 177(1):65–83
Zurück zum Zitat McDevitt TM, Ormrod JE, Cupit G, Chandler M, Aloa V (2013) Child development and education. Pearson, Frenchs Forest McDevitt TM, Ormrod JE, Cupit G, Chandler M, Aloa V (2013) Child development and education. Pearson, Frenchs Forest
Zurück zum Zitat Mirowski P (2003) McCorduck’s Machines Who Think after twenty-five years—revisiting the origins of AI. In: AI Magazine, pp 135–138 Mirowski P (2003) McCorduck’s Machines Who Think after twenty-five years—revisiting the origins of AI. In: AI Magazine, pp 135–138
Zurück zum Zitat Ohlsson S (1987) Some principles of intelligent tutoring. In: Lawler RW, Yazdani M (eds) Learning environments and tutoring systems. Alex, Norwood, pp 203–237 Ohlsson S (1987) Some principles of intelligent tutoring. In: Lawler RW, Yazdani M (eds) Learning environments and tutoring systems. Alex, Norwood, pp 203–237
Zurück zum Zitat Olney AM, D’Mello S, Person N, Cade W, Hays P, Williams C, Graesser A (2012) Guru: a computer tutor that models expert human tutors intelligent tutoring systems. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference, ITS 2012, Chania, Crete, Greece, 14th–18th June. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 127–144 Olney AM, D’Mello S, Person N, Cade W, Hays P, Williams C, Graesser A (2012) Guru: a computer tutor that models expert human tutors intelligent tutoring systems. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference, ITS 2012, Chania, Crete, Greece, 14th–18th June. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 127–144
Zurück zum Zitat Postman N (1995) The end of education: Redefining the value of school. Knopf, New York Postman N (1995) The end of education: Redefining the value of school. Knopf, New York
Zurück zum Zitat Ridgway J, (1988) Of course ICAI is impossible. Worse though, it might be seditious. In: Self J (ed) Aritificial Intelligence and Human Learning. Chapman and Hall Computing, London Ridgway J, (1988) Of course ICAI is impossible. Worse though, it might be seditious. In: Self J (ed) Aritificial Intelligence and Human Learning. Chapman and Hall Computing, London
Zurück zum Zitat Smith SR (2006) The relationship between student diversity, instructional differentiation and academic engagement in inclusive primary classrooms, PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle Smith SR (2006) The relationship between student diversity, instructional differentiation and academic engagement in inclusive primary classrooms, PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle
Zurück zum Zitat Theunissen M (1984) The other: studies in the social ontology of Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre and Buber (C. Macann, trans.). MIT Press, Cambridge Theunissen M (1984) The other: studies in the social ontology of Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre and Buber (C. Macann, trans.). MIT Press, Cambridge
Zurück zum Zitat Warschauer M, Knobel M, Stone L (2004) Technology and equity in schooling: deconstructing the digital divide. Educ Policy 18(4):562–588CrossRef Warschauer M, Knobel M, Stone L (2004) Technology and equity in schooling: deconstructing the digital divide. Educ Policy 18(4):562–588CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Weinstein J (1975) Buber and humanistic education. Philosophical Library, New York Weinstein J (1975) Buber and humanistic education. Philosophical Library, New York
Metadaten
Titel
AI and education: the importance of teacher and student relations
verfasst von
Alex Guilherme
Publikationsdatum
04.02.2017
Verlag
Springer London
Erschienen in
AI & SOCIETY / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 0951-5666
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-5655
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-017-0693-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2019

AI & SOCIETY 1/2019 Zur Ausgabe