Alleviating the Effect of Security Vulnerabilities in VANETs through Proximity Sensors

As the rate of road accidents are increasing day by day, an intelligent mechanism is essential to improve road safety. As a solution to this, current researchers focus is to use sensors which is a cost effective and leads to tremendous improvement in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) and the need of their existence. Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a subset of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). VANETs exchange information between vehicles and the Road Side Unit (RSU) for making intelligent decisions spontaneously. Accidents on roads not only lead to the risk of life to victims and also create inconvenience to the public by either traffic jam or traffic diversion. Since VANETs has mobility, GSM communication fails as the messages are overlapped due to coherence. Apart from GSM communication, if the VANETs and typical road junctions are equipped with sensors, provides cost effective solution for reliable communication. In this paper, it is proposed to adopt a proximity sensor approach in VANETs to capture data, transmit it and store it in the local database for future reference if required. The capturing of data is done through Proximity sensors. These sensors will be mainly located at typical junctions and also in secure cars for an immediate response. This work is optimized using Ant-Colony metaheuristic optimization algorithm to trace the shortest path to overcome the inconsistent situations happened during the times of accident occurrences.