Allyn Young Specialisation and Intermediate Goods in Intra-Industry Trade

Introducing their chapter on ‘Differentiated Products and Economies of Scale’ Grubel and Lloyd (1975) distinguish various groups of products, differing from each other according to two criteria: similarity of input requirements and substitutability in end use. The products serving as examples comprise final consumer goods such as cars and cigarettes, but also intermediate products as yarn and steel bars. Later on in their chapter when discussing the ‘nature of product differentiation and trade’, examples offered refer to consumer goods only.