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2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Alternative Vehicle and Fuel Options

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Abstract

This chapter introduces the alternative vehicles and fuels analyzed in this book. We include five different electric vehicles and two conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) hybrid vehicles running on either natural gas or diesel fuel. We also analyze PHEVs running on cellulosic ethanol as a surrogate for other biofuels.

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Fußnoten
1
BMW, Fiat, Ford, GM, Honda, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Porsche, Smart, and Toyota.
 
2
Tesla is the only auto-maker that does not state their vehicle sales monthly; analysts are also unsure of the number of Tesla BEVs delivered in the U.S. versus those going overseas so the number of Tesla BEVs in the US may be over-stated.
 
3
However, GM calls their PHEV an “E-Rev” for extended range EV.
 
4
The Ford PHEV was actually a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) built on their Edge platform. Most FCEVs have a battery bank onboard to provide peak acceleration and to store energy during braking—called “regenerative braking” that improves vehicle efficiency by returning energy normally dissipated in the brake pads back into the battery to be used later; this Ford fuel cell PHEV was not offered for sale.
 
5
However, as discussed above, most FCEVs also have a battery to provide peak acceleration and the ability to recover braking energy, called “regenerative braking.”
 
6
BMW-tested vehicles with liquid hydrogen stored onboard, and in the 1990s, several auto companies attempted to build onboard reformers to convert liquid fuels such as methanol or even gasoline to hydrogen onboard the vehicle, but these reformers were either too expensive and/or did not survive the harsh vehicle environment.
 
7
However, hydrogen is typically stored in modern FCEVs at higher pressure (70 MPa, 700-bar or 10,000 psi), compared to NGV tanks typically stored at lower pressures (25 MPa, 248-bar or 3600 psi).
 
Literatur
Metadaten
Titel
Alternative Vehicle and Fuel Options
verfasst von
C. E. (Sandy) Thomas
Copyright-Jahr
2015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16832-6_3

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