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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

5. An Analysis of the Business Environment in Kosovo Using Growth Diagnostics Approach

verfasst von : Fadil Sahiti

Erschienen in: The Growth of Firms in Less-Developed Countries

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The empirical literature highlights various business environment factors that affect rates of private investment and entrepreneurship as drivers of economic growth. Most of these factors belong to one of the following dimensions: human and physical infrastructure; legal and regulatory institutions (understood as the rules of the game in which firms engage, and the organizations that implement these rules and services); and the quality of the financial system (e.g., cost of and access to finance). Using information from various international and national sources, this chapter examines not only the set of constraints on firm growth but also which among these constraints is the most binding.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Measuring Business Dynamics in Kosovo: Cross-Country Comparison and Analysis
Nächstes Kapitel Resources, Capabilities and Managerial Practices of Firms in Less-Developed Economies: Evidence from Kosovo Manufacturing Firms
Fußnoten
1
A decision making model used by clinicians. The clinician uses the information gathered from the patient’s medical history and the clinician’s physical and mental examinations to develop a list of possible causes of the disorder; this is called a differential diagnosis. On this basis, the clinician decides what tests to order to help to refine the list of causes or identify the specific disease responsible for the patient’s symptoms (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th ed.).
 
2
Physical infrastructure, the legal system, the financial system, various aspects of the micro and macro-policy environment such as taxation, regulation, macroeconomic stability, and social factors such as crime and corruption in society.
 
3
Hausmann (2005) on Tanzania; Hausmann and Klinger (2007) on Paraguay and Peru; Hausmann and Rodrik (2005) on el Salvador; Sen and Kirkpatrick (2009) on Kosovo; Carlin et al. (2006), etc.
 
4
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the binding constraints to the growth of firms by using s firm-level data of 20,000 firms for 60 countries. Though the authors have cited the growth diagnostics methodology as one of the methods that provides tools to investigate binding constraints to growth of firms, they in fact use Lagrangian approach to measure the cost of different constraints.
 
5
Information failures are defined as the failure of the firm to ‘discover’ which products it can produce at sufficiently low cost to be profitable and competitive. Coordination failures are defined as the failure of the market to respond to potential investor demands for a diverse set of services.
 
6
By symptom we mean a feature associated to a specific variable, for instance, a low level of domestic savings could be a symptom of high interest rates.
 
7
A syndrome refers to a group of symptoms that occur simultaneously, or to a condition characterized by a set of associated symptoms.
 
8
By appropriation we mean the environmental factors that govern the firm’s ability to capture profits.
 
9
Freedom House, the World Economic Forum, Transparency International and the World Bank, OECD, etc.
 
10
Voice and Accountability (VA)—capturing perceptions of the extent to which a country’s citizens are able to participate in choosing their government, freedom of expression, freedom of association and a free media.
Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism—measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence including terrorism.
Government effectiveness—captures perceptions of the quality of public services, the quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government’s commitment to such policies.
Regulatory quality—captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development.
Rule of law—captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence.
Control of corruption—captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as “capture” of the state by elites and private interests.
 
11
Corruption in this study is defined as he misuse or abuse of public office for private gain and emerges in various forms and in a wide array of illicit behaviours including bribery, extortion, fraud, nepotism, graft WHAT DOES GRAFT MEAN, speed money WHAT IS THIS, pilfering, theft, misappropriation, falsification of records, kickbacks, influence peddling WHAT DOES THISMEAN and campaign contributions.
See Robert Klitgaard, ‘Strategies Against Corruption’, http://​www.​clad.​org.​ve/​klit3.​htm.​p.​1.
 
12
Worldwide Governance Indicators, Transparency International, Doing Business Indicators.
 
13
There are 18 private universities and colleges and 5 public universities in Kosovo (OECD 2013).
 
14
The number of students in higher education is nearly double the EU average compared to the population. However, completion rates are low and there is a high level of unemployment among university degree holders (25%), suggesting a mismatch between higher education programmes and labour market needs (European Commission 2018).
 
15
According to the 2015 OECD PISA assessment Kosovo is ranked 3rd bottom in a list of over 70 systems tested.
 
17
The SBA was implemented in June 2008 and the European Commission’s political will to recognize the central role of SMEs in the EU economy and puts in place a comprehensive SME policy framework for the EU and member states http://​ec.​europa.​eu/​enterprise/​policies/​sme/​small-business-act.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
An Analysis of the Business Environment in Kosovo Using Growth Diagnostics Approach
verfasst von
Fadil Sahiti
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Buch
The Growth of Firms in Less-Developed Countries

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-14820-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-14821-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14821-8_5