An interpretative fault location and section identification algorithm for a three-terminal non-homogeneous transmission network

Due to their accurate time stamping, phasor measurement units (PMUs) are being used for the modern day power grid protection applications. As PMUs provide synchronous data, so in this paper, a fault location algorithm has been proposed for a three-terminal non-homogeneous transmission network with the help of synchronized data, available at all the three ends. The line parameters are estimated before they are used in solution for identifying the faulted section and fault location. PSCAD\(^{\circledR }\) software is used for obtaining synchronized voltages and currents data of the network by simulating various types of faults. MATLAB is used for developing software code for estimating the fault location and fault section identification. The fault location estimation have been carried out considering transmission line model as frequency distributed transmission line model to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The fault location algorithm has also been evaluated for effect of fault resistance, source internal angle, source impedance, synchronization errors, change in network configuration, dc offset effect, fault type in other phases and CT saturation.