An Investigation on the Multi-storey Building’s the Modal Vibration Using Low-Cost Sensor Based on Frequency Domain Decomposition

Modal Analysis (MA) techniques are considered to have made significant contributions in modern fields, including aerospace, mechanical, and civil engineering, especially in the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). The main task of MA is to perform analysis based on measurement data such as vibration responses and desired outputs suitable for condition monitoring objectives based on vibration features. In this study, the modal vibration modes of a multi-storey building model were experimentally investigated and analyzed using the Frequency Domain Analysis technique (FDD). The multi-storey building model is modeled into Multiple Degree of Freedom (MDOF) systems with generalized coordinates in the lateral direction along with theoretical dynamic parameters for the purpose of determining the initial natural frequencies by the eigenvalue method. Experimental measurements are utilized to identify the modal frequencies, which are then compared to theoretical results. Experiments are conducted using Low-Cost Sensors MPU6050 in conjunction with a cost-effective Arduino system designed for simplicity and cost-effectiveness while ensuring reliable results. Consequently, the FDD technique is utilized to determine the vibration characteristics as modal parameters. The results from FDD are integrated with the Stabilization Diagram (SD) and compared with the theoretical problem to evaluate the sensor’s and the model’s reliability.