Abstract
In this study, several different metal ions, i.e., Mn2+, Mn4+, Co2+, Co3+, Sb2+ and Sb3+, were added in ZnO varistors to investigate their effect on admittance-frequency response. When manganese and cobalt with high valencies are added, the depression angle and relaxation time become minimal, whereas if manganese and cobalt with low valencies are added, they become maximal. On the other hand, the relaxation time is independent of the valency of antimony ions. However, the depression angle increases with increasing valency of antimony ions.
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