Assessing Groundwater Quality in Rohtak District: A Comprehensive Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters for the Year 2020

Groundwater quality is vital to human health and the health of the ecosystem, it is dynamic and susceptible to many natural and man-made influences. This study looks at how groundwater quality has changed over the year 2020 in different geographic regions. An analysis was carried out using Ground Water Quality Index (GWQI) values and related ratings in order to identify patterns, trends, and drivers of change in groundwater quality. The findings show varied dynamics, with some sites showing steady decline and others showing steady improvement or variation in quality over time. Seven water quality parameters’ spatial distribution layers are used to generate weighted overlay maps. Stress zones in the Rohtak district were identified by drinking water quality analysis from the Water Quality Index, overlay maps, and spatial distribution maps of particular water quality metrics. The groundwater in the Rohtak District area was classified into categories that were appropriate and unsuitable for irrigation utilizing Wilcox, salinity diagrams, and overlay maps. Groundwater quality trends are significantly shaped by both natural processes, including geological formations and hydrological cycles, and human activities, like industrialization, urbanization, and agriculture. Also, the result shows that the groundwater is unfit for drinking as well as for irrigation purposes.