2. Assessment of Different Types of Water Pollution Redressal

Water pollution continues to be a worldwide issue that affects both human and environmental well-being. There is a need to consistently tackle the rising problems of pollution to ensure a pristine and secure subterranean environment for residents. Therefore, certain categories of water pollutants that cause significant water pollution and toxicity necessitate the use of biological processes instead of physico-chemical methods to treat the contaminated water, which contains a variety of pollutants. This is crucial in order to protect the environment and human health. The Water Quality Index (WQI) is a widely used instrument for assessing and characterizing water quality. Physical, chemical, and biological elements combine to determine the value, which ranges from 0 to 100. This measurement involves four distinct processes. The present chapter focuses on assessing water contamination caused by a variety of pollutants.