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Erschienen in: Neuroinformatics 1/2017

21.09.2016 | Software Original Article

Automating NEURON Simulation Deployment in Cloud Resources

verfasst von: David B. Stockton, Fidel Santamaria

Erschienen in: Neuroinformatics | Ausgabe 1/2017

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Abstract

Simulations in neuroscience are performed on local servers or High Performance Computing (HPC) facilities. Recently, cloud computing has emerged as a potential computational platform for neuroscience simulation. In this paper we compare and contrast HPC and cloud resources for scientific computation, then report how we deployed NEURON, a widely used simulator of neuronal activity, in three clouds: Chameleon Cloud, a hybrid private academic cloud for cloud technology research based on the OpenStack software; Rackspace, a public commercial cloud, also based on OpenStack; and Amazon Elastic Cloud Computing, based on Amazon’s proprietary software. We describe the manual procedures and how to automate cloud operations. We describe extending our simulation automation software called NeuroManager (Stockton and Santamaria, Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 2015), so that the user is capable of recruiting private cloud, public cloud, HPC, and local servers simultaneously with a simple common interface. We conclude by performing several studies in which we examine speedup, efficiency, total session time, and cost for sets of simulations of a published NEURON model.

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Fußnoten
2
CQSCS = Construction Quality Supervision Collaboration System.
 
5
KVM = Kernel-based Virtual Machine and refers to the type of hypervisor employed by the cloud to run virtual machines; see http://​www.​linux-kvm.​org.
 
12
In NEURON, mod files are used to define the simulation program for a biomechanism such as an ion channel. After definition, they are translated into C code and compiled into a biomechanism library before use in actual simulation.
 
14
AMI = ‘Amazon Machine Image’.
 
17
Available free at http://​www.​mathworks.​com/​products/​compiler/​mcr/​; the version matches the MATLAB compiler we have available.
 
20
‘JSON’ stands for Javascript Object Notation. Please see http://​www.​json.​org/​.
 
31
31 See, for example, the Java SDK: https://​aws.​amazon.​com/​sdk-for-java/​.
 
32
The JSON format is similar to the XML format but much less cluttered. It permits hierarchical data definition, whereas the more familiar INI files do not.
 
35
By programming the UserSimulation() function accordingly; see Stockton and Santamaria (2015).
 
36
Cloud clusters are virtual networks formed from cloud instances.
 
37
The hypervisor is the program that runs on the physical processor and produces the virtual machines, or cloud servers, that are hosted by the physical processor.
 
38
The approach is also suitable for multi–node cluster–based simulations but we focus on single–node applications here.
 
39
Note that cluster and cloud nodes are often limited in cores to eight or fewer each.
 
43
Except for Amazon; there is a licensing fee for Centos–7 usage on Amazon EC2, and it must be obtained through the AWS Marketplace. See https://​aws.​amazon.​com/​marketplace/​b/​2649367011.
 
44
Our experiments did not make use of server migration or load balancing of any kind, however NeuroManager’s scheduler favors faster Simulators.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Automating NEURON Simulation Deployment in Cloud Resources
verfasst von
David B. Stockton
Fidel Santamaria
Publikationsdatum
21.09.2016
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Neuroinformatics / Ausgabe 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1539-2791
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0089
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-016-9315-8

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