nach oben

Sexuality Research and Social Policy

Erschienen in:

14.02.2018

Barriers to Accessing Mental Healthcare for Gay and Bisexual Men Living in Oklahoma

verfasst von: Joseph M. Currin, Randolph D. Hubach, Hugh C. Crethar, Tonya R. Hammer, Hang-Shim Lee, Mary Larson

Erschienen in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy | Ausgabe 4/2018

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

The American College of Physicians has recently called for research to understand the potential causes of LGBT health disparities that exist when compared to their heterosexual counterparts. Barriers to accessing mental health care can be a cause of this disparity. To address this, the current study asked participants (N = 209) if they had received mental health care (MHC) over the past year and during their lifetime. Andersen’s (1967) behavioral health model was used to predict healthcare utilization. A hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to predict MHC, in the past year (12) and during their lifetime (L). Both models were significant: for MHC-L, (χ²(6) = 41.57, p < .001), and for MHC-12 (χ²(6) = 53.26, p < .001). Both models had previous mental health diagnosis and disclosure of sexual orientation status as significant predictors. Individuals who more openly disclosed sexual orientation status were more likely to have used mental health services. Implications and limitations to the study are discussed.

Vorheriger Artikel Complexity in Attitudes Toward Abortion Access: Results from Two Studies

Nächster Artikel Machismo Predicts Prejudice Toward Lesbian and Gay Individuals: Testing a Mediating Role of Contact

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Andersen, R. M. (1995). Revisiting the behavioral model and access to medical care: Does it matter? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.2307/2137284.CrossRefPubMed

Andersen, R. M. (2008). National health surveys and the behavioral model of health services use. Medical Care, 46(7), 647–653. https://doi.org/10.2307/40221718.CrossRefPubMed

Andersen, R. M., & Anderson, O. W. (1967). A decade of health services. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Barton, B. C. (2012). Pray the gay away: The extraordinary lives of Bible Belt Gays. New York: New York University Press (NYU Press).

Beehler, G. P. (2001). Confronting the culture of medicine: Gay men’s experiences with primary care physicians. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, 5(4), 135–141.CrossRef

Bowen, A. (2005). Internet sexuality research with rural men who have sex with men: Can we recruit and retain them? The Journal of Sex Research, 42(4), 317–323. https://doi.org/10.2307/3813784.CrossRefPubMed

Brunn, S. D., Webster, G. R., & Archer, J. C. (2011). The Bible Belt in a changing south: Shrinking, relocating, and multiple buckles. Southeastern Geographer, 51(4), 513–549.CrossRef

Burns, M. N., Ryan, D. T., Garofalo, R., Newcomb, M. E., & Mustanski, B. (2014). Mental health disorders in young urban sexual minority men. The Journal of Adolescent Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.07.018.CrossRef

Cochran, S. D. (2001). Emerging issues in research on lesbians’ and gay men’s mental health: Does sexual orientation really matter?. American Psychologist 56(11), 931–947.CrossRef

Currin, J. M., Hubach, R. D., Brown, C., & Farley, S. (2016). Impact of non-heterosexual impulses on heterosexuals’ attitudes towards monogamy and casual sex. Psychology & Sexuality, 7(3), 197–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2016.1168313.CrossRef

Daniel, H., & Butkus, R. (2015). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health disparities: Executive summary of a policy position paper from the American College of Physicians LGBT health disparities. Annals of Internal Medicine, 163(2), 135–137. https://doi.org/10.7326/M14-2482.CrossRefPubMed

Driskell, J. R., O'Cleirigh, C., Covahey, C., Ripton, J., Mayer, K., Perry, D. H., et al. (2010). Building program acceptability: Perceptions of gay and bisexual men on peer or prevention case manager relationships in secondary HIV prevention counseling. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services: The Quarterly Journal of Community & Clinical Practice, 22(3), 269–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538720903426388.CrossRef

Eaton, W. W., Smith, C., Ybarra, M., Muntaner, C., & Tien, A. (2004). Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: Review and revision (CESD and CESD-R). In M. Maruish (Ed.), The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment (3rd ed., pp. 363–377). Mahwah: Lawerence Erlbaum.

Fisher, C. M., Irwin, J. A., & Coleman, J. D. (2013). LGBT health in the midlands: A rural/urban comparison of basic health indicators. Journal of Homosexuality, 61(8), 1062–1090. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2014.872487.CrossRef

Golub, S. A., & Gamarel, K. E. (2013). The impact of anticipated HIV stigma on delays in HIV testing behaviors: Findings from a community-based sample of men who have sex with men and transgender women in New York City. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 27(11), 621–627.CrossRef

Halkitis, P. N., Siconolfi, D., Fumerton, M., & Barlup, K. (2008). Facilitators of barebacking among emergent adult gay and bisexual men: Implications for HIV prevention. Journal of LGBT Health Research, 4(1), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/15574090802412580.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hasin, D. S., Goodwin, R. D., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2005). Epidemiology of major depressive disorder: Results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcoholism and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(10), 1097–1106. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.10.1097.CrossRefPubMed

Hatzenbuehler, M. L., O’Cleirigh, C., Grasso, C., Mayer, K., Safren, S., & Bradford, J. (2012). Effect of same-sex marriage laws on health care use and expenditures in sexual minority men: A quasi-natural experiment. American Journal of Public Health, 102(2), 285–291. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300382.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hatzenbuehler, M. L., O’Cleirigh, C., Mayer, K. H., Mimiaga, M. J., & Safren, S. A. (2011). Prospective associations between HIV-related stigma, transmission risk behaviors, and adverse mental health outcomes in men who have sex with men. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 42(2), 227–234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-011-9275-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hollander, D. (2013). Men who do not disclose same-sex behavior may miss chances to get recommended care. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 45(2), 110–111. https://doi.org/10.1363/4511013_2.CrossRef

Holloway, I. W., Padilla, M. B., Willner, L., & Guilamo-Ramos, V. (2014). Effects of minority stress processes on the mental health of latino men who have sex with men and women: A qualitative study. Archives of Sexual Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0424-x.CrossRef

Hubach, R. D., DiStefano, A. S., Wood, M. M. (2012). Understanding the Influence of Loneliness on HIV Risk Behavior in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 24(4), 371–395.CrossRef

Hubach, R. D., Dodge, B., Li, M. J., Schick, V., Herbenick, D., Ramos, W. D., et al. (2015). Loneliness, HIV-related stigma, and condom use among a predominantly rural sample of HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Education and Prevention, 27(1), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2015.27.1.72.CrossRefPubMed

Hubach, R. D., Dodge, B., Schick, V., Ramos, W. D., Herbenick, D., Li, M. J., et al. (2015). Experiences of HIV-positive gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men residing in relatively rural areas. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 17(7), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2014.994231.CrossRef

Human Rights Campaign (2017). State Equality Index. Retrieved from http://assets.hrc.org//files/assets/resources/SEI-2017-Categories.pdf?_ga=1.97662043.53134369.1488035073 Accessed on 8/6/2017.

Kano, M., Silva-Bañuelos, A. R., Sturm, R., & Willging, C. E. (2016). Stakeholders' recommendations to improve patient-centered “LGBTQ” primary care in rural and multicultural practices. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 29(1), 156–160. https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2016.01.150205.CrossRefPubMed

Kelly, B. C., Bimbi, D. S., Izienicki, H., & Parsons, J. T. (2009). Stress and coping among HIV-positive barebackers. AIDS and Behavior, 13(4), 792–797. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-009-9586-2.CrossRefPubMed

Kennedy, M. (2010). Rural men, sexual identity and community. Journal of Homosexuality, 57(8), 1051–1091. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2010.507421.CrossRefPubMed

Kinsey, A. C., Pomeroy, W. B., & Martin, C. E. (1948). Sexual behavior in the human male. Bloomington: W. B. Saunders Company.

Klein, F., Sepekoff, B., & Wolf, T. J. (1985). Sexual orientation: A multi-variable dynamic process. Journal of Homosexuality, 11(1–2), 35–49.CrossRef

Klitzman, R. L., Exner, T., Correale, J., Kirshenbaum, S. B., Remien, R., Ehrhardt, A. A., et al. (2007). It's not just what you say: Relationship of HIV disclosure and risk reduction among MSM in the post-HAART era. AIDS Care, 19(6), 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540120600983971.CrossRefPubMed

Klitzman, R. L., & Greenberg, J. D. (2002). Patterns of communication between gay and lesbian patients and their health care providers. Journal of Homosexuality, 42(4), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v42n04_04.CrossRefPubMed

Lelutiu-Weinberger, C., Pachankis, J. E., Golub, S. A., Walker, J. N. J., Bamonte, A. J., & Parsons, J. T. (2013). Age cohort differences in the effects of gay-related stigma, anxiety and identification with the gay community on sexual risk and substance use. AIDS and Behavior, 17(1), 340–349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-006-9137-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Liang, B., Taylor, C., WIlliams, L. M., Tracy, A. J., Jordan, J. V., & Baker-Miller, J. (1998). Relational health indicees: An exploratory study (work in progress no. 293). Wellesley: Stone Center Working Paper Series.

Link, B., & Haztenbuehler, M. (2016). Stigma as an unrecognized determinant of population health: Research and policy implications. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 41(4), 653–673. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-3620869.CrossRefPubMed

Maisto, S. A., Carey, M. P., Carey, K. B., Gordon, C. M., & Gleason, J. R. (2000). Use of the AUDIT and the DAST-10 to identify alcohol and drug use disorders among adults with a severe and persistent mental illness. Psychological Assessment, 12(2), 186–192. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.12.2.186.CrossRefPubMed

Mathy, R. M., Schillace, M., Coleman, S. M., & Berquist, B. E. (2002). Methodological rigor with internet samples: New ways to reach underrepresented populations. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 5(3), 253–266. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493102760147259.CrossRef

McDavitt, B., Iverson, E., Kubicek, K., Weiss, G., Wong, C. F., & Kipke, M. D. (2008). Strategies used by gay and bisexual young men to cope with heterosexism. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services: Issues in Practice, Policy & Research, 20(4), 354–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538720802310741.CrossRef

Meidlinger, P. C., & Hope, D. A. (2014). Differentiating disclosure and concealment in measurement of outness for sexual minorities: The Nebraska Outness Scale. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 1(4), 489–497. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000080.CrossRef

Meyer, I. H. (1995). Minority stress and mental health in gay men. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 36(1), 38–56. https://doi.org/10.2307/2137286.CrossRefPubMed

Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674–697. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Meyer, I. H., Dietrich, J., & Schwartz, S. (2008). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders and suicide attempts in diverse lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. American Journal of Public Health, 98(6), 1004–1006. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2006.096826.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mosack, K. E., Brouwer, A. M., & Petroll, A. E. (2013). Sexual identity, identity disclosure, and health care experiences: Is there evidence for differential homophobia in primary care practice? Womens Health Issues, 23(6), e341–e346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2013.07.004.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Mustanski, B., Garofalo, R., & Emerson, E. M. (2010). Mental health disorders, psychological distress, and suicidality in a diverse sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youths. American Journal of Public Health, 100(12), 2426–2432. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.178319.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

National Center for PTSD (2014). Using the PTSD Checklist Retrieved June 5, 2015, from www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/pages/assessments/assessment-pdf/PCL-handout.pdf.

Newcomb, M. E., & Mustanski, B. (2010). Internalized homophobia and internalizing mental health problems: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(8), 1019–1029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.07.003.CrossRefPubMed

Obergefell v. Hodges, 135 S.Ct. 2071 (2015).

Oswald, R. F., & Culton, L. S. (2003). Under the rainbow: Rural gay life and its relevance for family providers. Family Relations: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 52(1), 72–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00072.x.CrossRef

Pachankis, J. E., & Goldfried, M. R. (2010). Expressive writing for gay-related stress: Psychosocial benefits and mechanisms underlying improvement. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78(1), 98–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017580.CrossRefPubMed

Pachankis, J. E., Goldfried, M. R., & Ramrattan, M. E. (2008). Extension of the rejection sensitivity construct to the interpersonal functioning of gay men. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(2), 306–317. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.2.306.CrossRefPubMed

Peduzzi, P., Concato, J., Kemper, E., Holford, T. R., & Feinstein, A. R. (1996). A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 49(12), 1373–1379. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(96)00236-3.CrossRefPubMed

Pickett, J. (2010). Addressing gay men’s health: The script needs a rewrite. Virtual Mentor, 12(8), 668–672.CrossRef

Politi, M. C., Clark, M. A., Armstrong, G., McGarry, K. A., & Sciamanna, C. N. (2009). Patient-provider communication about sexual health among unmarried middle-aged and older women. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 24(4), 511–516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-009-0930-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Preston, D. B., D'Augelli, A. R., Kassab, C. D., Cain, R. E., Schulze, F. W., & Starks, M. T. (2004). The influence of stigma on the sexual risk behavior of rural men who have sex with men. AIDS Education and Prevention, 16(4), 291–303. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.16.4.291.40401.CrossRefPubMed

Preston, D. B., D'Augelli, A. R., Kassab, C. D., & Starks, M. T. (2007). The relationship of stigma to the sexual risk behavior of rural men who have sex with men. AIDS Education and Prevention, 19(3), 218–230. https://doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2007.19.3.218.CrossRefPubMed

Protecting a Counselor’s Religious Liberty Act, TN Stat. Ann. Code §§ SB1556/HB1840. Retrieved on August 10, 2016 from http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2016/images/04/27/tn.sb.1556.language.pdf.

Saunders, J. B., Aasland, O. G., Babor, T. F., de la Fuente, J. R., & Grant, M. (1993). Development of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): WHO collaborative project on early detection of persons with harmful alcohol consumption: II. Addiction, 88(6), 791–804. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x.CrossRefPubMed

Sherman, M. D., Kauth, M. R., Shipherd, J. C., & Street Jr., R. L. (2014). Communication between VA providers and sexual and gender minority veterans: A pilot study. Psychological Services, 11(2), 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035840.CrossRefPubMed

Shernoff, M. (2005). Condomless sex: Considerations for psychotherapy with individual gay men and male couples having unsafe sex. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Psychotherapy, 9(3–4), 149–169. https://doi.org/10.1300/J236v09n03_09.CrossRef

Simpson, T. L., Balsam, K. F., Cochran, B. N., Lehavot, K., & Gold, S. D. (2013). Veterans administration health care utilization among sexual minority veterans. Psychological Services, 10(2), 223–232. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031281.CrossRefPubMed

Stein, G. L., & Bonuck, K. A. (2001). Physician-patient relationships among the lesbian and gay community. Journal of the Gay & Lesbian Medical Assn, 5(3), 87–93. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011648707507.CrossRef

Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). New York: Harper Collins.

Traeger, L., O’Cleirigh, C., Skeer, M. R., Mayer, K. H., & Safren, S. A. (2012). Risk factors for missed HIV primary care visits among men who have sex with men. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 35(5), 548–556. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-011-9383-z.CrossRefPubMed

Tweedie, S. W. (1978). Viewing the bible belt. The Journal of Popular Culture, 11(4), 865–876.CrossRef

United States Census Bureau (2010). Census Regions and Divisions of the United States. Retrieved from https://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf.

Vrangalova, Z., & Savin-Williams, R. C. (2012). Mostly heterosexual and mostly gay/lesbian: Evidence for new sexual orientation identities. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-9921-y.CrossRefPubMed

Waldorf, B. (2007). Measuring rurality. In Context, 8(1), 5–8.

Waldorf, B., & Kim, A. (2015). Defining Rurality in the US: Alternatives to the ERS Classifications. Paper presented at the Workshop on Rationalizing Rural Area Classifications, National Academy of Sciences, Committee on National Statistics, Washington, DC, April 16–17, 2015.

Walls, N. E., Wisneski, H., & Kane, S. (2013). School climate, individual support, or both? Gay-straight alliances and the mental health of sexual minority youth. School Social Work Journal, 37(2), 88–112. https://doi.org/10.1300/J041v18n01_03.CrossRef

Whitehead, J., Shaver, J., & Stephenson, R. (2016). Outness, stigma, and primary health care utilization among rural LGBT populations. PLoS One, 11(1), e0146139. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146139.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Whitlock, R. U. (2013). Landscapes of education: Queer south rising: Voices of a contested place. Charlotte: Information Age Publishing.

Willging, C. E., Israel, T., Ley, D., Trott, E. M., DeMaria, C., Joplin, A., & Smiley, V. (2016). Coaching mental health peer advocates for rural LGBTQ people. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 20(3), 214–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2016.1166469.CrossRef

Willging, C. E., Salvador, M., & Kano, M. (2006). Pragmatic help seeking: How sexual and gender minority groups access mental health care in a rural state. Psychiatric Services, 57(6), 871–874. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2006.57.6.871.CrossRefPubMed

Worthington, R. L., & Reynolds, A. L. (2009). Within-group differences in sexual orientation and identity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56(1), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013498.CrossRef

Yudko, E., Lozhkina, O., & Fouts, A. (2007). A comprehensive review of the psychometric properties of the drug abuse screening test. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 32(2), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2006.08.002.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Barriers to Accessing Mental Healthcare for Gay and Bisexual Men Living in Oklahoma
verfasst von: Joseph M. Currin
Randolph D. Hubach
Hugh C. Crethar
Tonya R. Hammer
Hang-Shim Lee
Mary Larson
Publikationsdatum: 14.02.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy / Ausgabe 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1868-9884
Elektronische ISSN: 1553-6610
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-018-0321-5

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2018

Attitudes Toward Abortion After Receiving vs. Being Denied an Abortion in the USA

Analysis of Coital and Non-Coital Sexual Behavior in Adolescents: Spain, 2016

Addressing Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing by Including Rapid HIV Self-testing Kits with Patient-Delivered Partner Therapy

Attitudinal Change Toward Same-Sex Parents: the Effect of the Explanation of the Etiology of the Homosexual Sexual Orientation

Complexity in Attitudes Toward Abortion Access: Results from Two Studies

Which Partners Are More Human? Monogamy Matters More than Sexual Orientation for Dehumanization in Three European Countries