nach oben

Erschienen in:

2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Basic Concepts

verfasst von : Peter Dörfler, Mirjam Sick, André Coutu

Erschienen in: Flow-Induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery

Verlag: Springer London

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Some basic engineering and physical concepts are introduced and discussed in this chapter. These concepts are important to characterize the performance, pulsations and vibrations, and other related phenomena presented in this book. First, the representation of an operating point and the operating range by non-dimensional parameters is described. Many different parameters may be defined and these are briefly outlined. The occurrence of many vibration and pulsation phenomena in turbines is restricted to specific operating conditions and the use of non-dimensional parameters allows different machines to be directly compared with each other in a dimensionless hill chart. Second, the quantitative description of an oscillation process in terms of amplitudes or frequency spectra is explained. Third, the fundamentals of hydraulic resonance and stability are briefly outlined as many phenomena, in particular intense low-frequency fluctuations, often concern the whole water conduit and ducting rather than just the interior of the hydraulic machine.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Nächstes Kapitel Low-Frequency Phenomena in Swirling Flow

Figure 55 from IEC 60193 ed. 20.0 (1999), Ref. [1].

For definition, see Eq. (1.14).

This test series is also the basis of Figs. 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13.

\( \tilde{p},\tilde{Q} \) are the state vectors of the traveling wave, not of the resulting pulsation.

In this model, the turbine impedance according to Eq. (1.29) is Z _T = R; some fluid inertia inside the turbine should either be included in jωI ₁ or in Z _T.

For more clarity, it is convenient to reserve capital Q for time-averaged values.

IEC 60193. (1999–2011). Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines—Model acceptance tests (2nd ed.).

Doerfler, P. (1986). Design criteria for air admission systems in Francis turbines. In 13th Symposium on IAHR Section Hydraulic Machinery, Equipment, and Cavitation, Montreal (Vol. I, Paper 8).

Suter, P. (1966). Representation of pump characteristics for calculation of water hammer. Sulzer Technical Review Research Issue, pp. 45–48.

Dörfler, P. K. (2010). ‘Neo-Suterian’ pump-turbine characteristics and their benefits, In 25th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Timisoara.

IEC 60994 .(1991).Guide for field measurement of vibrations and pulsations in hydraulic machines (turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines) (1.0 b ed.).

Bendat, J. S., & Piersol, A. G. (2000). Random data analysis and measurement procedures (3rd ed.). Hoboken: Wiley.

Wylie, E. B., & Streeter, V. L. (1983). Fluid transients. Ann Arbor: FEB Press.

Chaudhry, M. H. (1987). Applied Hydraulic Transients (2nd ed.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Bergant, A., Simpson, A. R., & Vitkovsky, J. P. (2001) Developments in unsteady pipe flow friction modeling. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 39(3), 249–257.

10.

Habán, V., Pochylý, F., & Fialová, S. (2009). The second viscosity of fluids. In Engineering mechanics 2009. Prague, Czech Republic, Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, v.v.i. 2009 (pp. 349–359).

11.

Svingen, B. (1997). Rayleigh damping as an approximate model for transient hydraulic pipe friction, Work group on the Behavior of Hydraulic Machinery Under Steady Oscillatory Conditions, 8th meeting, Chatou 1997, Paper F-2.

12.

Dörfler, P. K. (2011). Pressure wave propagation and damping in a long penstock: In Proceedings of the 4th Meeting IAHR Workgroup on Cavitation and Dynamic Problems in Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Belgrade.

13.

Brennen, C. (1978).The unsteady, dynamic characterization of hydraulic systems with emphasis on cavitation and turbomachines. In Joint Symposium of ASME/ASCE/IAHR, Ft. Collins (pp. 97–107).

14.

Flemming, F., Foust, J., Koutnik, J., & Fisher, R. K. (2008) Overload surge investigation using CFD data. In IAHR 24th Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery Systems, Foz do Iguassú, Oct. 2008.

15.

Dörfler, P. K. (2009). Evaluating 1D models for vortex-induced pulsation in Francis turbines. In Proceedings of 3rd Meeting IAHR Workgroup on Cavitation and Dynamic Problems in Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, Brno 2009, Paper F3.

16.

Dörfler, P. K., Keller, M., & Braun, O. (2010). Full-load vortex dynamics identified by unsteady 2-phase. In CFD, 25th IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, Timisoara.

17.

Jacob, T., Prénat, J.-E. (1991). Identification of a Hydraulic Turbomachine’s Hydro-Acoustic Transmsiion Parameters. In: IAHR Work Group WG1 (The Behavior of Hydraulic Machinery under Steady Oscillatory Conditions) 5th Meeting, Milano.

18.

Philibert, R., Couston, M. (1998). Francis turbines at part load, matrix simulating the gaseous rope. In: IAHR Section on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, 19th Symposium, Singapore, pp. 441–453.

19.

Coutu A., Aunemo H., Badding B., Velagandula O. (2005). Dynamic Behaviour of High Head Francis Turbines. In Hydro 2005, Villach, October 17–20, 2005.

20.

Lowys P.-Y., Deniau J.-L., Gaudin E., Leroy P., & Djatout M. (2006). On-Board Model Runner Dynamic Measurements In Hydrovision 2006, Portland, OR, July 31–August 4, 2006.

21.

Welte T. M., Wormsen A., Harkegard G. (2006) Influence of Different Operating Patterns on the Life of Francis Turbine Runners. In Hydrovision 2006, Portland, OR, July 31–August 4, 2006.

22.

Coutu A., Monette C., Gagnon M. (2007) Life Assessment of Francis Runners Using Strain Gage Site Measurements. In Waterpower XV, Chattanooga, TN, July 23–26, 2007.

23.

Sick, M., Michler, W. Weiss, T., Keck, H. (2009). Recent developments in the dynamic analysis of water turbines. Proceedings of the IMechE Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 223, JPE578.

Titel: Basic Concepts
verfasst von: Peter Dörfler
Mirjam Sick
André Coutu
Verlag: Springer London
Buch: Flow-Induced Pulsation and Vibration in Hydroelectric Machinery
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-4251-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4471-4252-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4252-2_1