Skip to main content

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Becoming ‘White-Collar Beauties’ in Urban China

verfasst von : Liu Jieyu

Erschienen in: Gender, Sexuality and Power in Chinese Companies

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter examines the social, economic and cultural processes that lead to the making of a ‘white-collar beauty’ identity in post-Mao China. It is revealed how the discourse is embedded in a framework infused with state and market neoliberal forces: young educated heterosexual women are constructed to embody nationalist and neoliberal desires to break from the past ideology attached to socialist factory workers so as to endorse the youth, intelligence, beauty and materiality that are valued by a market economy. This chapter proceeds with an introduction of the research setting and a personal account of my research experience, reflecting upon how fieldwork relations were mediated by my own as well as participants’ positionalities.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Bray, D. (2005). Social space and governance in urban China: The danwei system from origins to reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Bray, D. (2005). Social space and governance in urban China: The danwei system from origins to reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Brewis, J. (2014). Signing my life away? Researching sex and organization. In E. Bell & H. Willmott (Eds.), Qualitative research in business and management (Vol. 4, pp. 103–120). London: Sage. Brewis, J. (2014). Signing my life away? Researching sex and organization. In E. Bell & H. Willmott (Eds.), Qualitative research in business and management (Vol. 4, pp. 103–120). London: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Callaway, H. (1992). Ethnography and experience: Gender implications in fieldwork and texts. In J. Okaly & H. Callaway (Eds.), Anthropology and autobiography (pp. 29–49). New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall.CrossRef Callaway, H. (1992). Ethnography and experience: Gender implications in fieldwork and texts. In J. Okaly & H. Callaway (Eds.), Anthropology and autobiography (pp. 29–49). New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cao, Y. (2004). Behind the rising meritocracy: Market, politics and cultural change in urban China. Social Science Research, 33(3), 435–463.CrossRef Cao, Y. (2004). Behind the rising meritocracy: Market, politics and cultural change in urban China. Social Science Research, 33(3), 435–463.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chen, T. M. (2001). Dressing for the party: Clothing, citizenship, and gender-formation in Mao’s China. Fashion Theory, 5(2), 143–172.CrossRef Chen, T. M. (2001). Dressing for the party: Clothing, citizenship, and gender-formation in Mao’s China. Fashion Theory, 5(2), 143–172.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Croll, E., Davin, D., & Kane, P. (1985). China’s one child family policy. Basingstoke: Macmillan.CrossRef Croll, E., Davin, D., & Kane, P. (1985). China’s one child family policy. Basingstoke: Macmillan.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Davin, D. (1976). Woman-work: Women and the party in revolutionary China. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Davin, D. (1976). Woman-work: Women and the party in revolutionary China. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis, D. S. (1989). Chinese social welfare: Policies and outcomes. The China Quarterly, 119, 577–597.CrossRef Davis, D. S. (1989). Chinese social welfare: Policies and outcomes. The China Quarterly, 119, 577–597.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Development and Planning Bureau of Ministry of Education China (2011) China Education Statistics Yearbook 2010. People’s Education Press. [in Chinese] Development and Planning Bureau of Ministry of Education China (2011) China Education Statistics Yearbook 2010. People’s Education Press. [in Chinese]
Zurück zum Zitat Doherty, J. P., Norton, E. C., & Veney, J. E. (2001). China’s one-child policy: The economic choices and consequences faced by pregnant women. Social Science and Medicine, 52(5), 745–761.CrossRef Doherty, J. P., Norton, E. C., & Veney, J. E. (2001). China’s one-child policy: The economic choices and consequences faced by pregnant women. Social Science and Medicine, 52(5), 745–761.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Einhorn, B. (1993) Cinderella Goes to Market: Citizenship, Gender and Women’s Movements in East Central Europe. London and New York: Verso. Einhorn, B. (1993) Cinderella Goes to Market: Citizenship, Gender and Women’s Movements in East Central Europe. London and New York: Verso.
Zurück zum Zitat Einhorn, B. (2006) Citizenship in an Enlarging Europe: From Dream to Awakening. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Einhorn, B. (2006) Citizenship in an Enlarging Europe: From Dream to Awakening. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Zurück zum Zitat Fong, V. L. (2004). Only hope: Coming of age under China’s one-child policy. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Fong, V. L. (2004). Only hope: Coming of age under China’s one-child policy. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez-Lopez, G. (2005). Erotic journeys: Mexican immigrants and their sex lives. Berkeley: University of California Press. Gonzalez-Lopez, G. (2005). Erotic journeys: Mexican immigrants and their sex lives. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Goodman, D., S. G., & Zang, X. (2008). The new rich in China: The dimensions of social change. In D., S. G., Goodman and Zang, X (eds) The new rich in China: Future rules, present lives (pp. 1–21). London/New York: Routledge. Goodman, D., S. G., & Zang, X. (2008). The new rich in China: The dimensions of social change. In D., S. G., Goodman and Zang, X (eds) The new rich in China: Future rules, present lives (pp. 1–21). London/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanser, A. (2005). The gendered rice bowl: The sexual politics of service work in urban China. Gender and Society, 19, 581–600.CrossRef Hanser, A. (2005). The gendered rice bowl: The sexual politics of service work in urban China. Gender and Society, 19, 581–600.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hanser, A. (2009). Service encounters: Class, gender, and the market for social distinction in urban China. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Hanser, A. (2009). Service encounters: Class, gender, and the market for social distinction in urban China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Hausmann, R., Tyson, L. D., & Zahidi, S. (2011). Global gender gap report: 2011. World Economic Forum. Hausmann, R., Tyson, L. D., & Zahidi, S. (2011). Global gender gap report: 2011. World Economic Forum.
Zurück zum Zitat Hershatter, G. (1986). The workers of Tianjin, 1900–1949. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Hershatter, G. (1986). The workers of Tianjin, 1900–1949. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Hershatter, G. (2000). Local meanings of gender and work in rural Shaanxi in the 1950s. In B. Entwisle & G. Henderson (Eds.), Re-drawing boundaries: Work, households, and gender in China (pp. 79–96). Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press. Hershatter, G. (2000). Local meanings of gender and work in rural Shaanxi in the 1950s. In B. Entwisle & G. Henderson (Eds.), Re-drawing boundaries: Work, households, and gender in China (pp. 79–96). Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Hershatter, G. (2004). State of the field: Women in China’s long twentieth century. The Journal of Asian Studies, 63(4), 991–1065.CrossRef Hershatter, G. (2004). State of the field: Women in China’s long twentieth century. The Journal of Asian Studies, 63(4), 991–1065.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hesketh, T., & Wei, X. Z. (1997). Health in China: The one-child family policy: The good, the bad and the ugly. British Medical Journal, 314, 1685–1687.CrossRef Hesketh, T., & Wei, X. Z. (1997). Health in China: The one-child family policy: The good, the bad and the ugly. British Medical Journal, 314, 1685–1687.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ibroscheva, E. (2013) Selling the Post-Communist Female Body, Feminist Media Studies, 13:3, 443–462. Ibroscheva, E. (2013) Selling the Post-Communist Female Body, Feminist Media Studies, 13:3, 443–462.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacka, T. (1997). Women’s work in rural China: Change and continuity in an era of reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Jacka, T. (1997). Women’s work in rural China: Change and continuity in an era of reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jankowiak, W. R. (2002). Proper men and proper women: Parental affection in the Chinese family. In S. Brownell & J. Wasserstrom (Eds.), Chinese femininities/Chinese masculinities (pp. 361–380). Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRef Jankowiak, W. R. (2002). Proper men and proper women: Parental affection in the Chinese family. In S. Brownell & J. Wasserstrom (Eds.), Chinese femininities/Chinese masculinities (pp. 361–380). Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jeffreys, E. (2004). China, sex and prostitution. London/New York: Routledge. Jeffreys, E. (2004). China, sex and prostitution. London/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Judd, E. R. (1994). Gender and power in rural north China. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Judd, E. R. (1994). Gender and power in rural north China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, B. (1992). A summary of issues in women’s employment. In X. Yumei, L. Xiaocong, & Q. Wen (Eds.), The theoretical research on Chinese women for the past ten years (pp. 310–357). Beijing: Chinese Women’s Publishing House [in Chinese]. Liu, B. (1992). A summary of issues in women’s employment. In X. Yumei, L. Xiaocong, & Q. Wen (Eds.), The theoretical research on Chinese women for the past ten years (pp. 310–357). Beijing: Chinese Women’s Publishing House [in Chinese].
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, J. (2007). Gender and work in urban China: Women workers of the unlucky generation. London/New York: Routledge. Liu, J. (2007). Gender and work in urban China: Women workers of the unlucky generation. London/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, J. (2014). Ageing, migration and familial support in rural China. Geoforum, 51, 305–312.CrossRef Liu, J. (2014). Ageing, migration and familial support in rural China. Geoforum, 51, 305–312.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, J. (2016). Intimacy and intergenerational relations in rural China. Sociology, 1–16. Liu, J. (2016). Intimacy and intergenerational relations in rural China. Sociology, 1–16.
Zurück zum Zitat Mann, S. (2011). Gender and sexuality in modern Chinese history. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Mann, S. (2011). Gender and sexuality in modern Chinese history. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Milwertz, C. N. (1996). Accepting population control: Urban Chinese women and the one-child family policy. London: Routledge Curzon. Milwertz, C. N. (1996). Accepting population control: Urban Chinese women and the one-child family policy. London: Routledge Curzon.
Zurück zum Zitat National Bureau of Statistics (2009) China 60 years, Tengxun Finance, accessed online on 1 April 2016: http://finance.qq.com/a/20090907/003068_1.htm. [in Chinese] National Bureau of Statistics (2009) China 60 years, Tengxun Finance, accessed online on 1 April 2016: http://​finance.​qq.​com/​a/​20090907/​003068_​1.​htm.​ [in Chinese]
Zurück zum Zitat Otis, E. (2012). Markets and bodies: Women, service work, and the making of inequality in China. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Otis, E. (2012). Markets and bodies: Women, service work, and the making of inequality in China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Pan, S. M. (1994). A sex revolution in current China. Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 6(2), 1–14.CrossRef Pan, S. M. (1994). A sex revolution in current China. Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 6(2), 1–14.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pun, N. (2005). Made in China: Women factory workers in a global workplace. Durham/London: Duke University Press. Pun, N. (2005). Made in China: Women factory workers in a global workplace. Durham/London: Duke University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Rofel, L. (1999). Other modernities: Gendered yearnings in China after socialism. Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press.CrossRef Rofel, L. (1999). Other modernities: Gendered yearnings in China after socialism. Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rofel, L. (2007). Desiring China: Experiments in neoliberalism, sexuality, and public culture. Durham/London: Duke University Press.CrossRef Rofel, L. (2007). Desiring China: Experiments in neoliberalism, sexuality, and public culture. Durham/London: Duke University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Solinger, D. (2002). Labour market reform and the plight of the laid-off proletariat. China Quarterly, 170, 304–326. Solinger, D. (2002). Labour market reform and the plight of the laid-off proletariat. China Quarterly, 170, 304–326.
Zurück zum Zitat Solinger, D. (2006). The creation of a new underclass in China and its implications. Environment and Urbanization, 18(1), 177–193.CrossRef Solinger, D. (2006). The creation of a new underclass in China and its implications. Environment and Urbanization, 18(1), 177–193.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tsang, S. (2009) ‘Consultative Leninism: China’s New Political Framework’. Journal of Contemporary China. 18(62): 865–880. Tsang, S. (2009) ‘Consultative Leninism: China’s New Political Framework’. Journal of Contemporary China. 18(62): 865–880.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsui, M., & Rich, L. (2002). The only child and educational opportunity for girls in urban China. Gender and Society, 16(1), 74–92.CrossRef Tsui, M., & Rich, L. (2002). The only child and educational opportunity for girls in urban China. Gender and Society, 16(1), 74–92.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Walder, A. (1986). Communist neo-traditionalism: Work and authority in Chinese industry. Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California Press. Walder, A. (1986). Communist neo-traditionalism: Work and authority in Chinese industry. Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, Z. (2000). Gender, employment and women’s resistance. In E. Perry & M. Selden (Eds.), Chinese society: Change, conflict, and resistance. London/New York: Routledge Curzon. Wang, Z. (2000). Gender, employment and women’s resistance. In E. Perry & M. Selden (Eds.), Chinese society: Change, conflict, and resistance. London/New York: Routledge Curzon.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu, G., & Feiner, S. (2007). Meinü Jingji/China’s beauty economy: Buying looks, shifting value, and changing place. Feminist Economics, 13(3–4), 307–323.CrossRef Xu, G., & Feiner, S. (2007). Meinü Jingji/China’s beauty economy: Buying looks, shifting value, and changing place. Feminist Economics, 13(3–4), 307–323.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yang, J. (2011). Gender, body politics, and the beauty economy in China. Signs, 36, 333–357.CrossRef Yang, J. (2011). Gender, body politics, and the beauty economy in China. Signs, 36, 333–357.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yang S. and Guo Z., (2000) ‘Chinese One Child Situations and Its Impacts on the Future Population Development’, Market & Demographic Analysis, (4): 10–17. [in Chinese] Yang S. and Guo Z., (2000) ‘Chinese One Child Situations and Its Impacts on the Future Population Development’, Market & Demographic Analysis, (4): 10–17. [in Chinese]
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, D. (2012). Negotiating intimacies in an eroticized environment: Xiaojies and south China entertainment business. International Journal of Business Anthropology, 3, 158–175. Yu, D. (2012). Negotiating intimacies in an eroticized environment: Xiaojies and south China entertainment business. International Journal of Business Anthropology, 3, 158–175.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, E. Y. (2001). Goudui and the state: Constructing entrepreneurial masculinity in two cosmopolitan areas of post-socialist China. In D. Hodgson (Ed.), Gendered modernities: Ethnographic perspectives (pp. 235–265). Basingstoke: Palgrave.CrossRef Zhang, E. Y. (2001). Goudui and the state: Constructing entrepreneurial masculinity in two cosmopolitan areas of post-socialist China. In D. Hodgson (Ed.), Gendered modernities: Ethnographic perspectives (pp. 235–265). Basingstoke: Palgrave.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng, T. (2009). Red lights: The lives of sex workers in postsocialist China. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Zheng, T. (2009). Red lights: The lives of sex workers in postsocialist China. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Zurndorfer, H. (2015). Men, women, money, and morality: The development of China’s sexual economy. Feminist Economics, 22(2), 1–23.CrossRef Zurndorfer, H. (2015). Men, women, money, and morality: The development of China’s sexual economy. Feminist Economics, 22(2), 1–23.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Becoming ‘White-Collar Beauties’ in Urban China
verfasst von
Liu Jieyu
Copyright-Jahr
2017
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50575-0_2