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Erschienen in:
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2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Behavioral Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: An Overview

verfasst von : Chris Bauch, Alberto d’Onofrio, Piero Manfredi

Erschienen in: Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases

Verlag: Springer New York

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Abstract

The focus of the growing discipline of behavioral epidemiology (BE) of infectious diseases is on individual behavior as a key determinant of infection trajectories. This overview departs from the central, but static, role of human behavior in traditional mathematical models of infection to motivate the importance of including behavior into epidemiological models. Our aim is threefold. First, we attempt to motivate the historical and cultural background underpinning the BE revolution, focusing on the issue of rational opposition to vaccines as a natural endpoint of the changed relation between man and disease in modern industrialized countries. Second, we review those contributions, from both mathematical epidemiology and economics, that forerun the current “epidemic” of studies on BE. Last, we offer a more detailed overview of the current epidemic phase of BE studies and, still motivated by the issue of immunization choices, introduce some baseline ideas and models.

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Nächstes Kapitel Survey on the Likely Behavioural Changes of the General Public in Four European Countries During the 2009/2010 Pandemic
Fußnoten
1
In Rome, during the seventeenth-century plague special additional walls were built around the city [97].
 
2
As S. Pepys wrote during the London Plague: “I find all the town almost going out of town, the coaches and wagons being all full of people going into the country,” as reported by [97]. The same paper also reports that the parish of Covent Garden, London, wrote “all the gentry and better sort of tradesmen being gone.”
 
3
For example, based on historical documents, Manzoni describes in his masterpiece novel The Betrothed the behavioral changes of the citizens of Milan, during the plague in 1629, mainly due to their fear of the “poisoners”: imaginary villains that were thought to voluntarily spread the disease through mysterious ointments causing the disease. In particular, Manzoni describes as the epidemic peak following a procession against the plague is not attributed to the crowding during the procession nor to “the infinite multiplication of random contacts” (note the surprising accuracy of Manzoni’s language in describing the contagion process, despite this phrase has been written in 1827). The most of people attributed, indeed, the peak to the poisoners, who would have had an easier task, in the crowd of the procession, in diffusing their evil ointments in order to accomplish their “impious plan.”
 
4
We shortly mention that there are also a number of a priori opposers to vaccinations, who irrationally believe that vaccines are a sort of Manzoni’s “ointments.” Quite interestingly, this observation is in line with the fact that some anti-vaccination arguments remained unchanged since the Jenner’s times [107].
 
5
Although out of the aims of this work, we remark here that the partisans of most extreme anti-vaccination positions are very able in spreading their ideas through the World Wide Web [107], so that WWW 2.0 might represent not only an opportunity but also a challenge for vaccination decisions [12]. This topic, in particular, is worthwhile to be studied in the future.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Behavioral Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: An Overview
verfasst von
Chris Bauch
Alberto d’Onofrio
Piero Manfredi
Copyright-Jahr
2013
Verlag
Springer New York
Buch
Modeling the Interplay Between Human Behavior and the Spread of Infectious Diseases

Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5473-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4614-5474-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2013

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5474-8_1