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Big Earth Data in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals (2023) – China

  • Open Access
  • 2025
  • Open Access
  • Buch
Verfasst von
Huadong Guo
Buchreihe
Sustainable Development Goals Series
Verlag
Springer Nature Singapore
Enthalten in
Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"
Springer Professional "Technik"
Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"
insite
SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

Dieses Open-Access-Buch stellt innovative Anwendungen von Big Earth Data anhand einer Reihe umfassender Fallstudien vor, die in China durchgeführt wurden. Die Studien zeigen, wie fortschrittliche Datenmethoden eingesetzt werden können, um Indikatoren für sieben Ziele Nachhaltiger Entwicklung (SDGs) zu überwachen und zu bewerten: Null Hunger (SDGs 2), sauberes Wasser und sanitäre Einrichtungen (SDGs 6), bezahlbare und saubere Energie (SDGs 7), nachhaltige Städte und Gemeinden (SDGs 11), Klimaschutz (SDGs 13), Leben unter Wasser (SDGs 14) und Leben an Land (SDGs 15). Darüber hinaus untersucht das Buch die komplexen Wechselwirkungen zwischen mehreren SDG-Indikatoren. Die Betonung von Big Earth Data kommt angesichts drängender globaler Herausforderungen besonders zur rechten Zeit. Themen wie Katastrophenvorsorge, Klimawandel, Ernährungssicherheit, Ressourcenmanagement und Umweltschutz sind durch Erdsysteme und -prozesse, die politische und soziale Grenzen überschreiten, von Natur aus miteinander verknüpft. In diesem Zusammenhang beleuchten die Fallstudien methodische Fortschritte beim Abbau räumlicher Informationen und bei der integrierten Bewertung nachhaltiger Entwicklungsziele. Dazu gehören die Analyse von Synergien und Zielkonflikten zwischen den SDGs durch Korrelationsstudien, die Simulation von Interaktionen mehrerer Indikatoren unter projizierten ökologischen, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Szenarien und die Entwicklung integrierter Rahmenwerke für die regionale Bewertung nachhaltiger Entwicklungsziele. Zusammengenommen veranschaulichen diese Ergebnisse das Potenzial von Big Earth Data, robuste wissenschaftliche Beweise für die Formulierung und Entscheidungsfindung von Strategien auf globaler, regionaler und lokaler Ebene zu liefern.
Mit KI übersetzt

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
PDF

Open Access

Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
The year 2023 marks the midterm of the 2030 Agenda. It is imperative to assess the progress of current SDGs with more precise data to gain a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced globally and by individual nations. This assessment will facilitate the exploration of scientifically feasible solutions and provide directions for the implementation phase of the 2030 Agenda.
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 2. SDG 2 Zero Hunger
Abstract
Sustainable management of land, soil, and water resources is the foundation for ensuring nutrition, diverse diets, and building a resource-saving value chain during the transition toward sustainable consumption patterns. About 90% of the calories and 80% of the protein consumed by humans originate from cropland (Kastner et al. 2012). However, due to population growth, the per capita arable land area has decreased by approximately 18% between 2000 and 2020 (FAO 2022). At the same time, evidence shows that the growth rate of agricultural productivity is slowing down, and high pollution and high emissions have pushed production capacity to the limit, causing land and environmental degradation (FAO 2021).
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 3. SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation
Abstract
Since the adoption of the United Nations, 2030 Agenda in 2015, there has been no fundamental change in the issues of extensive water resource utilization, poor management, and the over-extraction and pollution of freshwater and groundwater resources. Water-related ecosystems continue to degrade at an alarming rate. The failure to advance the clean water and sanitation goals (SDG 6) along the intended trajectory has become a global consensus (UN-Water 2021).
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 4. SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
Abstract
Energy, being the driving force behind human civilization, is derived from various resources that can be converted into usable forms such as thermal, electrical, light, mechanical, and chemical energy. Clean energy, also known as green energy, refers to energy sources that produce minimal or no pollution, and can be directly utilized for production and daily life, which includes nuclear energy and renewable energy sources such as hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, and tidal energy. The primary objective of utilizing clean energy is to mitigate the environmental impact of human activities while providing economically viable energy solutions. Clean energy is not only environmentally friendly with low carbon emissions and minimal pollution, but also plays a pivotal role in driving the green and low-carbon transformation of the economy and society. The development of clean energy is the cornerstone of the fourth Industrial Revolution, and is indispensable for the advancement of human civilization. Promoting clean energy is not only a global consensus for addressing climate change but also a crucial means of strengthening ecological civilization.
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 5. SDG11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
Abstract
Achieving “Sustainable Cities and Communities” (SDG 11) is crucial in addressing climate change, promoting economic growth, and reducing poverty and pollution. By 2030, it is projected that 60% of the global population will reside in urban areas (Chen et al. 2022a, b), and this proportion is expected to reach nearly 70% by 2050 (Sun et al. 2020). However, despite contributing 75% of the global GDP, urban areas also generate 75% of waste and carbon emissions worldwide (Chen et al. 2022a, b). Rapid urbanization has led to challenges such as housing shortages, traffic congestion, air pollution, waste management issues, and inadequate infrastructure and services. Unplanned urban expansion makes cities more susceptible to the impacts of climate change and natural disasters. Currently, over 4 billion urban residents still face serious problems such as air pollution, inadequate infrastructure, and uncontrolled urban development (Sun et al. 2020).
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 6. SDG 13 Climate Action
Abstract
Global greenhouse gas concentrations continue to rise, leading to record-breaking global average temperatures. This trend results in an increase in extreme weather events and an acceleration of glacier and ice cap melting, causing rising sea levels and posing a threat to biodiversity (WMO 2023). The Global Risks Report 2023 indicates that the three greatest risks facing humanity in the next decade are the inability to mitigate climate change, the inability to adapt to climate change, and extreme natural disasters, all of which are closely related to climate change. Climate change is already seriously threatening human survival and development (WEF 2023). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2022 of the United Nations points out that the world is on the edge of a climate catastrophe, and the window for avoiding it is closing. Global greenhouse gas emissions are still increasing, and all countries need to take immediate action to shift from the tipping point of a climate catastrophe to a turning point toward a sustainable future (United Nations 2022). China released the National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy 2035 in 2022, promoting enhanced adaptive capacity and proactive responses to climate change.
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 7. SDG 14 Life Below Water
Abstract
The ocean plays a crucial role in regulating the global water cycle, controlling the climate, protecting biodiversity, and providing habitats for many important species. In addition, marine products supply at least 20% of animal protein to 3.1 billion people worldwide (FAO 2016), which is particularly important for the livelihoods of coastal regions and small island developing countries with poorer economic conditions.
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 8. SDG 15 Life on Land
Abstract
China attaches great importance to ecological and environmental issues, upholds the concept “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, and coordinates the systematic management of mountains, water, forests, fields, lakes, grasses, and sand (Huang 2022), and comprehensively promotes the construction of the nature reserve system, which has steadily improved the quality of ecosystems, effectively mitigated the aggravation of biodiversity loss, significantly enhanced the ability to cope with climate change, and made promising progress in the implementation of SDG 15 targets.
Huadong Guo
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Chapter 9. Integrated Evaluations and Interactions Among SDGs
Abstract
The SDGs encompass a wide array of intricate and multifaceted issues, with interwoven relationships among different goals, primarily manifested as synergistic and trade-off effects. Specifically, synergistic effects denote the phenomenon where achieving a particular goal simultaneously enhances the improvement of other goals, highlighting the mutually beneficial relationships among them. Conversely, trade-off effects signify that pursuing one goal might necessitate sacrificing other goals, leading to a delicate balance (Pradhan et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2022). As the centers of regional population aggregation and economic activity, cities are crucial for achieving sustainable development. Conducting an SDG cross-sectoral and integrated assessment for cities at the prefectural level across China helps clarify the interconnections among SDGs in different cities. By dynamically simulating the achievement of SDGs under various future development scenarios, this approach supports the formulation of targeted strategies for sustainable urban development. It also promotes the optimal allocation of urban resources, maximizes the overall benefits of SDGs in cities, and enables the rational adjustment of sustainable development pathways. This is of great significance for effectively achieving the 2030 Agenda.
Huadong Guo
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Open Access

Chapter 10. Summary and Prospects
Abstract
The report details case studies on seven SDGs (Zero Hunger, Clean Water and Sanitation, Affordable and Clean Energy, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Climate Action, Life Below Water, and Life on Land), and the interactions and integrated assessment of multiple SDG indicators at different scales, using Big Earth Data, from the perspectives of data products, methods and models, and decision support.
Huadong Guo
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Titel
Big Earth Data in Support of the Sustainable Development Goals (2023) – China
Verfasst von
Huadong Guo
Copyright-Jahr
2025
Verlag
Springer Nature Singapore
Electronic ISBN
978-981-9526-36-9
Print ISBN
978-981-9526-35-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-2636-9

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