Bio synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using Clerodendrum phlomidis extract for antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant and photocatalytic studies

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has recently attracted the attention of scientists because of the need to develop new methods of synthesis that are safe, cost-effective and reliable. In a wide variety of applications, metal oxide nanoparticles are attracting growing attention in particular. In this paper, we synthesized ZnO nanoparticles through green technology using Clerodendrum phlomidis extract, a natural non-toxic hydrocolloid, and investigated its possible antibacterial, anticancer and antioxidant application. The biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results showed that ZnO NPs developed from Clerodendrum phlomidis had higher antimicrobial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus. The synthesized ZnO NPs shows significant free radical scavenging activity. However, we suggest that ZnO NPs can be used as an antimicrobial agent. An invitro cell assay showed that ZnO nanoparticles were significantly cytotoxic against the renal cancer cell line. The synthesized ZnO NPs displayed potential photocatalytic activity against the degradation of methylene blue dye on presenting to xenon lamp irradiation. For chemical and biosynthesized ZnO-NPs, respectively, the degradation efficacy against methylene blue dye was found to be 86%.