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2016 | Buch

Brazilian Derivatives and Securities

Pricing and Risk Management of FX and Interest-Rate Portfolios for Local and Global Markets

verfasst von: Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan UK

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Über dieses Buch

The Brazilian financial markets operate in a very different way to their G7 counterparts. Key differences include onshore and offshore markets, exponential rates, business days day-counts and price formation from the futures markets (instead of the cash markets). Quants, traders, structurers and risk professionals active in this market need to understand these different dynamics in order to be able to effectively map these peculiarities into standard financial engineering techniques and work effectively.

Brazilian Derivatives and Securities is a quantitative, applied guide to the offshore and onshore Brazilian markets, with a focus on the financial instruments unique to the region. It offers a comprehensive introduction to the key financial ‘archaeology’ in the Brazil context, exploring interest rates, FX and inflation and key differences from G7 market finance. The book explores the dynamics of the local markets in detail, including cash instruments when necessary and provides valuable guidance on managing unique situations, from knowing what to do when the time series misbehaves, to how to distinguish volatility from structural changes. Finally, the book introduces the region's unique financial instruments, as well as their pricing and risk management needs. Techniques for interpolation and consistency among different curves are described in detail, and heuristics for potential exposure calculations are developed.

Covering both introductory and complex topics, this book provides existing practitioners in Brazil, as well as those interested in becoming involved in these markets, everything they need to understand the market dynamics, risks, pricing and calibration of curves for all products currently available.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
1. Financial Archeology
Abstract
This chapter aims to give the reader a historical background on Foreign Exchange and Interest Rate derivatives in Brazil, through tables, charts and anecdotes.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
2. We Mean Business
Abstract
In the good old days, when the overnight rates were 2% a day, losing one day of interest in your calculation was a very serious business. Understanding how Brazil’s Day Count calculations work, and knowing the different calendars, business days standards and fixings is critical for anyone using Brazilian financial instruments and references.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
3. Interesting BRL Interest Rates
Abstract
Now, let’s keep it simple at first. We’ll start with a nice curve, almost flat, as seen in 01-Aug-2011 and shown in Figure 39.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
4. BRL Interest Rate Market and Credit Risk
Abstract
We have discussed this a bit before, but our editor is paying us based on the number of words, so … The glass half full person looks at the spreads among SETA, Selic and CDI and says that they do not change that much on a daily basis to really matter. The glass half empty person looks at 2012 and 2013 and says that something doesn’t look right. And both will ask “Why the CDI is lower than the Selic”?
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
5. A Man With Two Clocks … Foreign Exchange in Brazil
Abstract
How to trade the currency in Brazil (if you can) and its derivatives (yes you can) and how each contract can be different (well, you can, but …)
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
6. And the Even More Interesting USD Onshore Interest Rates …
Abstract
It should be similar to the previous section on the life of an IR Swap (3.1), but now there’s an additional risk factor (FX).
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
7. Too Many Options?
Abstract
After describing the methodology to construct the majority of the required yield curves for the onshore Brazilian market, it’s possible now to move one step forward in the complexity level and talk about IR and FX options in the onshore market.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
8. The Mountain Goes to … Foreign Exchange Contracts Offshore
Abstract
CME holds a great variety of listed FX Futures contracts. In the first subsection we focus on its FX Futures contracts for the BRL/USD currency pair.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
9. Start from Where? Constructing Markets for FX Forwards, Futures, Onshore USD Interest Rates and Offshore Instruments
Abstract
Here the goal is to create a framework for a consistent market scenario choosing among different market prices and conventions.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
10. Offshore IR Products Based on CDI Fixings
Abstract
The offshore market for FX products has been explained in previous sections of this book. But what about IR related products offshore? Are there Fixed-Float swaps and swaptions offshore being traded? Is there any basis to quote onshore swaps and swaptions to their offshore equivalent contracts? After reading the previous sections of this book we believe that the reader might be inclined to say yes, and that’s indeed the correct answer.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
11. The Dual Case — US Libor Onshore Swaps
Abstract
We’ve seen that an offshore BRL Fixed Float swaption is paid offshore in USD, but the fixings are CDI which are associated to BRL currency. The dual trade is the so-called US Libor onshore swaps, which are paid onshore in BRL, but fixings are US Libor which are associated with USD currency. In the previous section we derived that the offshore BRL Fixed Float swap can be viewed as a quanto swap. And based on the same arguments, we will derive in this section that US Libor onshore swaps also are quantos.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
12. FX Trading (Interest Rate and Fixing) Market and Credit Risk
Abstract
Here are some of the shortcuts to find the FX Delta of the derivatives contracts covered above, depending on your funding currency.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
13. A Skewed Perspective of the World: FX Options
Abstract
There are two markets for USDBRL options: One that is liquid and follows (for the most part) the modeling described in (Clark, 2011) (the offshore market), and the curious mix of FX options and listed markets (the onshore listed FX options). Let’s start with the offshore market first (notation is this chapter follows mostly the source articles, not previous chapters).
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
14. Some Cash is Better Than Nothing — What you Need to Know about Cash Products
Abstract
Describing bonds and their relationship with the derivatives markets.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
15. Index of Choice … Inflation-Linked Products and Curves
Abstract
In this section, we will first discuss government inflation linked bonds, more specifically NTNBs. We will describe how the coupons are paid and when they are paid, and explain the concept behind VNA, which is the updated nominal value, and the quoting convention for NTNBs.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
16. Microstructure of the Listed Derivatives
Abstract
Durations and tick sizes, consequences and possible developments for the more liquid instruments.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
17. Unlucky End: On the Obsolescence of Products and Books
Abstract
As this book was being written, BVMF decided to allow more open contracts in its interest rate futures, not just every 3 months. It also changed almost all of the details of its inflation-linked futures.
Marcos C. S. Carreira, Richard J. Brostowicz
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Brazilian Derivatives and Securities
verfasst von
Marcos C. S. Carreira
Richard J. Brostowicz
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Palgrave Macmillan UK
Electronic ISBN
978-1-137-47727-9
Print ISBN
978-1-137-47726-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137477279