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2015 | Buch

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Carbon Fibers

verfasst von: Soo-Jin Park

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buchreihe : Springer Series in Materials Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book contains eight chapters that discuss the manufacturing methods, surface treatment, composite interfaces, microstructure-property relationships with underlying fundamental physical and mechanical principles, and applications of carbon fibers and their composites.
Recently, carbon-based materials have received much attention for their many potential applications. The carbon fibers are very strong, stiff, and lightweight, enabling the carbon materials to deliver improved performance in several applications such as aerospace, sports, automotive, wind energy, oil and gas, infrastructure, defense, and semiconductors. However, the use of carbon fibers in cost-sensitive, high-volume industrial applications is limited because of their relatively high costs. However, its production is expected to increase because of its widespread use in high-volume industrial applications; therefore, the methods used for manufacturing carbon fibers and carbon-fiber-reinforced composites and their structures and characteristics need to be investigated.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. History and Structure of Carbon Fibers

Abstract

In this chapter, we will introduce the brief overview of carbon fibers showing superior performance and comprising expensive materials. Further, the origin and history, definition and classification, manufacturing technology, and world market and industry trends in carbon fibers will be presented. Recently, carbon fibers have attracted attention for their potential use as structural materials in aerospace, sports, cars, and bridges. Also, carbon fibers have been considered as the next-generation materials in the aerospace/aviation industry, which has presented a huge opportunity to the entire supply chain of carbon fibers.

Soo-Jin Park, Seul-Yi Lee

Chapter 2. Precursors and Manufacturing of Carbon Fibers

Abstract

In this chapter, we will present the precursors and manufacturing of carbon fibers. Among the precursors used for the production of carbon fibers, polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based and pitch-based precursors are the most important. A significant amount of work has been done on relating the fiber structure to the properties and translating that relationship into production for either reducing cost or increasing fiber properties. However, challenges, including cost reduction, improvement in tensile and compressive strength, and alternative precursor development, still remain. We will also introduce many linear and cyclic polymers for carbon fibers, which is expected to open the door for the low-cost carbon fibers.

Soo-Jin Park, Gun-Young Heo

Chapter 3. Matrices for Carbon Fiber Composites

Abstract

Carbon fibers have become an important reinforcing material in advanced composites because of its extremely high strength, stiffness, heat resistance, and light weight. Fiber-reinforced polymer composites have gained substantial interest owing to their very high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios and are widely used in aerospace, engineering, marine, and automobile industries. In this chapter, we will present the various matrices and their characterization for carbon fiber composites. It is described as classification into two types of thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins.

Soo-Jin Park, Fan-Long Jin

Chapter 4. Surface Treatment and Sizing of Carbon Fibers

Abstract

Surface treatment and sizing for carbon fibers are discussed primarily to identify the mechanism of interphase formation. The objective of this chapter is to review the surface treatment and sizing of carbon fibers (CFs) used in the manufacturing composites. The surface properties of the CFs were experimentally characterized, including the chemical compositions, surface free energy, acid–base interactions, and dispersive and polar components. It will be also presented that a number of oxidizing agents and gases have been used to surface treat the carbons, such as the plasma, electrochemical oxidation, and wet chemical and thermal treatments.

Soo-Jin Park, Long-Yue Meng

Chapter 5. Testing of Carbon Fibers and Their Composites

Abstract

In this chapter, we will introduce an evaluation of carbon fibers and their composites with various analyses. The major types of methods of characterization techniques that work best for carbon fibers and their composite materials to understand their properties such as chemical, physical, and mechanical properties and advanced characterization methods for surface or morphology analyses, such as transmission electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and atomic force microscopy will be described. In addition, a concise summary of all the major characterization methodologies used on composite materials will be presented.

Soo-Jin Park, Kyong-Min Bae

Chapter 6. Manufacture of Carbon Fiber Composites

Abstract

Currently, the use of carbon fibers and their composites in space and aerospace applications continues to grow. However, the vast majority of composite molding is used in automotive, marine, industrial, and recreational applications. In this chapter, a brief explanation of various processing methods will be provided and the manufacturing processes typically used to make products found in various applications will be covered. Further, it is classified into two types—open molding and closed molding process—which will be described.

Soo-Jin Park, Min-Kang Seo

Chapter 7. Recent Uses of Carbon Fibers

Abstract

In recent decades, the carbon fibers have found wide applications in commercial and civilian aircraft, recreational, industrial, and transportation markets. This chapter will be focused on the applications of virgin carbon fibers and carbon fiber-reinforced composites including adsorbents, molecular sieves, electrodes, catalyst, and biomedical applications. In addition, for various applications, the applications of the carbon fiber-reinforced composites applied in various industries will be covered. Finally, we will discuss the carbon/carbon composites, which have attracted considerable attention in the aerospace and braking systems with excellent thermal properties.

Soo-Jin Park, Ki-Seok KIM

Chapter 8. Carbon Fibers and Their Composites

Abstract

Traditionally, the application of carbon fibers has been limited to very special fields such as aerospace and military because of their high cost. However, various techniques for low-cost carbon fibers are under development in terms of using low-cost precursors, low-cost manufacturing processes, and even functional coating methods. Moreover, future applications of carbon fibers can widen not only as structural reinforcements but also in information technology-based applications such as housings for electric devices, smart cloths, and healthcare items. In this chapter, we will cover the carbon fibers and their composites in recent various applications. In particular, there are classified as a low-cost production technique of carbon fibers for general industries, thin carbon fibers for extreme industries, and functional carbon fibers for smart composites.

Soo-Jin Park, Byung-Joo Kim

Backmatter

Titel: Carbon Fibers
verfasst von: Soo-Jin Park
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Electronic ISBN: 978-94-017-9478-7
Print ISBN: 978-94-017-9477-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9478-7

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