Skip to main content

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

18. Catalytic Reforming

verfasst von : Pierre-Yves le Goff, William Kostka, Joseph Ross

Erschienen in: Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Since the early 1940s, dual function catalysts have been converting lower octane, naphtha-range hydrocarbons into aromatics and higher octane blend stock for petrochemical and gasoline production while producing valuable hydrogen as a by-product. Early on, the associated technology became known as catalytic naphtha reforming to acknowledge that the desired products resulted from molecular rearrangement, reforming, of the reactants without alteration of their carbon number. Numerous improvements in catalyst and process technology have been commercialized over the past seven plus decades. Catalytic naphtha reformers remain key units in essentially every refinery and petrochemical plant throughout the world.
This chapter provides an overview of catalytic naphtha reforming with sections on the role of catalytic naphtha reforming in the refining and petrochemical industries, naphtha feedstock characteristics, reforming reactions, reforming catalysts, catalyst contaminants, process and catalyst evolution, and catalyst regeneration.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
18.1
Zurück zum Zitat C.A. Morley: Fundamentally based correlation between alkane structure and octane number, Combust. Sci. Technol. 55, 115–123 (1987)CrossRef C.A. Morley: Fundamentally based correlation between alkane structure and octane number, Combust. Sci. Technol. 55, 115–123 (1987)CrossRef
18.2
Zurück zum Zitat R. Bounaceur: Influcence of the position of the double bond on the autoignition of linear alkens at low temperature, Combust. Flame 142, 170–186 (2005)CrossRef R. Bounaceur: Influcence of the position of the double bond on the autoignition of linear alkens at low temperature, Combust. Flame 142, 170–186 (2005)CrossRef
18.3
Zurück zum Zitat P. Le Prince (Ed.): Conversion Process (Technip Edition, Paris 2001) P. Le Prince (Ed.): Conversion Process (Technip Edition, Paris 2001)
18.4
Zurück zum Zitat A. Abeladim: Etude de la Transformation des Naphtenes en Présence de Catalyseurs de Reformage Catalytique, Ph.D. Thesis (Ecole Nationale Supérieure du Pétrole et des Moteurs, Rueil Malmaison 1982) A. Abeladim: Etude de la Transformation des Naphtenes en Présence de Catalyseurs de Reformage Catalytique, Ph.D. Thesis (Ecole Nationale Supérieure du Pétrole et des Moteurs, Rueil Malmaison 1982)
18.5
Zurück zum Zitat C. Alvarez Herrera: Etude Cinétique de la Déshydrocylisation du N-heptane sur Catalyseur Platine sur Alumine, Ph.D. Thesis (Poitiers University, Poitiers 1977) C. Alvarez Herrera: Etude Cinétique de la Déshydrocylisation du N-heptane sur Catalyseur Platine sur Alumine, Ph.D. Thesis (Poitiers University, Poitiers 1977)
18.6
Zurück zum Zitat C. Marcilly: Chemistry of cabocations. In: Acido-Basic Catalysis, Vol. 1 (Technip Edition, Paris 2006), C. Marcilly: Chemistry of cabocations. In: Acido-Basic Catalysis, Vol. 1 (Technip Edition, Paris 2006),
18.7
Zurück zum Zitat C. Marcilly: Reactivity and conversion modes of the main hydrocarbon families. In: Acido-Basic Catalysis, Vol. 1 (Technip Edition, Paris 2006) C. Marcilly: Reactivity and conversion modes of the main hydrocarbon families. In: Acido-Basic Catalysis, Vol. 1 (Technip Edition, Paris 2006)
18.8
Zurück zum Zitat V.A. Mazzieri, C.L. Pieck, C.R. Vera, J.C. Yori, J.M. Grau: Analysis of coke deposition and study of the variables of regeneration and reju venation of naphtha reforming trimetallic catalysts, Catal. Today 133–135, 870–878 (2008)CrossRef V.A. Mazzieri, C.L. Pieck, C.R. Vera, J.C. Yori, J.M. Grau: Analysis of coke deposition and study of the variables of regeneration and reju venation of naphtha reforming trimetallic catalysts, Catal. Today 133–135, 870–878 (2008)CrossRef
18.9
Zurück zum Zitat S. Marty: Influence de la Composition et de L’état de Vieillissemnt du Catalyseur sur L’évolution de la sa Séléctivité en Déshydrocyclisation des Paraffines en Fonction des Conditions Opératoires, Ph.D. Thesis (Poitiers University, Poitiers 1986) S. Marty: Influence de la Composition et de L’état de Vieillissemnt du Catalyseur sur L’évolution de la sa Séléctivité en Déshydrocyclisation des Paraffines en Fonction des Conditions Opératoires, Ph.D. Thesis (Poitiers University, Poitiers 1986)
18.10
Zurück zum Zitat F. Humblot: Préparation par Voie Chimie Organométallique de Surface de Catalyseurs Bimétalliques, Application à la Déshydrogénation de L’isobutane, Ph.D. Thesis (Lyon University, Lyon 1995) F. Humblot: Préparation par Voie Chimie Organométallique de Surface de Catalyseurs Bimétalliques, Application à la Déshydrogénation de L’isobutane, Ph.D. Thesis (Lyon University, Lyon 1995)
18.11
Zurück zum Zitat P. Raybaud, C. Chizallet, C. Mager-Maury, M. Digne, H. Toulhoat, P. Sautet: From γ-alumina to supported platinum nanoclusters in reforming conditions: 10 years of DFT modeling and beyond, J. Catal. 308, 328–340 (2013)CrossRef P. Raybaud, C. Chizallet, C. Mager-Maury, M. Digne, H. Toulhoat, P. Sautet: From γ-alumina to supported platinum nanoclusters in reforming conditions: 10 years of DFT modeling and beyond, J. Catal. 308, 328–340 (2013)CrossRef
18.12
Zurück zum Zitat C. Mager-Maury, G. Bonnard, C. Chizallet, P. Sautet, P. Raybaud: H2-induced reconstruction of supported Pt clusters: Metal-support interaction vesus suface hydride, ChemCatChem 3, 200–207 (2011)CrossRef C. Mager-Maury, G. Bonnard, C. Chizallet, P. Sautet, P. Raybaud: H2-induced reconstruction of supported Pt clusters: Metal-support interaction vesus suface hydride, ChemCatChem 3, 200–207 (2011)CrossRef
18.13
Zurück zum Zitat M. Digne, P. Raybaud, P. Sautet, D. Guillaume, H. Toulhoat: Atomic scale insights on chlorinated γ-alumina surfaces, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 11030–11039 (2008)CrossRef M. Digne, P. Raybaud, P. Sautet, D. Guillaume, H. Toulhoat: Atomic scale insights on chlorinated γ-alumina surfaces, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 11030–11039 (2008)CrossRef
18.14
Zurück zum Zitat M. Paulis, H. Peyrard, M. Montes: Influence of chlorine on the activity and stability of Pt/Al2O3 catalysts in the complete oxidation of toluene, J. Catal. 199, 30–40 (2001)CrossRef M. Paulis, H. Peyrard, M. Montes: Influence of chlorine on the activity and stability of Pt/Al2O3 catalysts in the complete oxidation of toluene, J. Catal. 199, 30–40 (2001)CrossRef
18.15
Zurück zum Zitat C. Mager-Maury, C. Chizallet, P. Sautet, P. Raybaud: Platinum nanoclusters stabilized on γ-alumina by chlorine used as a capping surface ligand: A density functional theory study, ACS Catal. 2, 1346–1357 (2012)CrossRef C. Mager-Maury, C. Chizallet, P. Sautet, P. Raybaud: Platinum nanoclusters stabilized on γ-alumina by chlorine used as a capping surface ligand: A density functional theory study, ACS Catal. 2, 1346–1357 (2012)CrossRef
18.16
Zurück zum Zitat J.P. Frank, G. Martino: Deactivation and regeneration of catalytic-reforming catalysts. In: Progress in Catalyst Deactivation, NATO Advances Study Institute Series E, ed. by J.L. Figueiredo (Springer, Dordrecht 1982) pp. 355–397CrossRef J.P. Frank, G. Martino: Deactivation and regeneration of catalytic-reforming catalysts. In: Progress in Catalyst Deactivation, NATO Advances Study Institute Series E, ed. by J.L. Figueiredo (Springer, Dordrecht 1982) pp. 355–397CrossRef
18.17
Zurück zum Zitat V. Haensel, C.G. Gerhold: Catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons in two stages utilizing a platinum-alumina-halogen catalyst composite (OCR), US Patent 2659692 (1953) V. Haensel, C.G. Gerhold: Catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons in two stages utilizing a platinum-alumina-halogen catalyst composite (OCR), US Patent 2659692 (1953)
18.18
Zurück zum Zitat J.P. Bournonville: Etude de la Recristallisation du Platine Dans un Catalyseur de Reformage Influence de la Présence d’un Deuxième Métal, Ph.D. Thesis (Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris 1980) J.P. Bournonville: Etude de la Recristallisation du Platine Dans un Catalyseur de Reformage Influence de la Présence d’un Deuxième Métal, Ph.D. Thesis (Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris 1980)
18.19
Zurück zum Zitat A. Bensaddik: Etude EXAFS des Catalyseurs Bimétalliques Platine Rhénium (Orsay University, Orsay 1995) A. Bensaddik: Etude EXAFS des Catalyseurs Bimétalliques Platine Rhénium (Orsay University, Orsay 1995)
18.20
Zurück zum Zitat A.N. Jahel, P. Avenier, S. Lacombe, J. Olivier-Fourcade, J.-C. Jumas: Effect of indium in trimetallic Pt/Al2O3 SnIn-Cl naphtha-reforming catalysts, J. Catal. 272, 275–286 (2010)CrossRef A.N. Jahel, P. Avenier, S. Lacombe, J. Olivier-Fourcade, J.-C. Jumas: Effect of indium in trimetallic Pt/Al2O3 SnIn-Cl naphtha-reforming catalysts, J. Catal. 272, 275–286 (2010)CrossRef
18.21
Zurück zum Zitat A.N. Jahel, V. Moizan-Basle, C. Chizallet, P. Raybaud, J. Olivier-Fourcade, J.-C. Jumas, P. Avenier, S. Lacombe: Effect of indium-doping of γalumina on the stabilization of PtSn alloy clusters prepared by surface organostannic chemistry on platinum, J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 10073–10083 (2012)CrossRef A.N. Jahel, V. Moizan-Basle, C. Chizallet, P. Raybaud, J. Olivier-Fourcade, J.-C. Jumas, P. Avenier, S. Lacombe: Effect of indium-doping of γalumina on the stabilization of PtSn alloy clusters prepared by surface organostannic chemistry on platinum, J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 10073–10083 (2012)CrossRef
18.22
Zurück zum Zitat A.D. Silvana, R.V. Carlos, E. Florence, E. Catherine, M. Patrice, L.P. Carlos: Naphtha reforming Pt-Re-Ge/γ-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by catalytic reduction: Influence of the pH of the Ge addition step, J. Catal. Today 133–135, 13–19 (2008) A.D. Silvana, R.V. Carlos, E. Florence, E. Catherine, M. Patrice, L.P. Carlos: Naphtha reforming Pt-Re-Ge/γ-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by catalytic reduction: Influence of the pH of the Ge addition step, J. Catal. Today 133–135, 13–19 (2008)
18.23
Zurück zum Zitat F. Le Normand, A. Borgna, T.F. Garetto, R. Apesteguia, B. Moraweck: Redispersion of sintered Pt/Al2O3 naphtha reforming catalysts: An in situ study monitored by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem. 100(21), 9068–9076 (1996)CrossRef F. Le Normand, A. Borgna, T.F. Garetto, R. Apesteguia, B. Moraweck: Redispersion of sintered Pt/Al2O3 naphtha reforming catalysts: An in situ study monitored by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem. 100(21), 9068–9076 (1996)CrossRef
18.24
Zurück zum Zitat T. Cholley: Etude de la Redispersion de Phases Bimétalliques à Base de Platine Supportées sur Alumine Chlorée ou Neutralisée, Ph.D. Thesis (Paris 6 University, Paris 1997) T. Cholley: Etude de la Redispersion de Phases Bimétalliques à Base de Platine Supportées sur Alumine Chlorée ou Neutralisée, Ph.D. Thesis (Paris 6 University, Paris 1997)
Metadaten
Titel
Catalytic Reforming
verfasst von
Pierre-Yves le Goff
William Kostka
Joseph Ross
Copyright-Jahr
2017
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49347-3_18