Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Asia Pacific Journal of Management 1/2018

19.07.2017

Changes in work values across the regions of China

verfasst von: David A. Ralston, Carolyn P. Egri, Charlotte M. Karam, Yongjuan Li, Ping Ping Fu

Erschienen in: Asia Pacific Journal of Management | Ausgabe 1/2018

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This study examines changes in values of Chinese professionals across high, moderate, and low development regions between 1993/94 and 2004/05 and as such explores values in China’s recent past. The 1993/94 to 2004/05 period was crucial during China’s evolution from a socialist state to one more open to capitalism. The foundation of our investigation is crossvergence theory, which we extend by developing a multilevel-crossvergence perspective of national and regional influences on work values/behaviors. We test hypotheses specific to national-level and to regional-level changes in the importance of individualism, collectivism, and Confucianism values. Our study demonstrates that differences in hypothesized predictions result from the level on which a study is focused. This, in turn, results in differing support for study findings, which is a significant limitation of single-level studies. In sum, this study reveals the importance of delving beneath the national-level to gain a more fine-grained, regional-level understanding of values evolution in China. This is a finding that we believe may generalize to other countries, in particular, developing countries.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. 1991. Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. 1991. Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Alon, I., Child, J., Li, S., & McIntyre, J. R. 2011. Globalization of Chinese firms: Theoretical universalism or particularism. Management and Organization Review, 7(2): 191–200.CrossRef Alon, I., Child, J., Li, S., & McIntyre, J. R. 2011. Globalization of Chinese firms: Theoretical universalism or particularism. Management and Organization Review, 7(2): 191–200.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Andrews, T. G., & Chompusri, N. 2005. Temporal dynamics of crossvergence: Institutionalizing MNC integration strategies in post-crisis Asean. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22(1): 5–22.CrossRef Andrews, T. G., & Chompusri, N. 2005. Temporal dynamics of crossvergence: Institutionalizing MNC integration strategies in post-crisis Asean. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 22(1): 5–22.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bardi, A., & Goodwin, R. 2011. The dual route to value change: Individual processes and cultural moderators. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(2): 271–287.CrossRef Bardi, A., & Goodwin, R. 2011. The dual route to value change: Individual processes and cultural moderators. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(2): 271–287.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bell, D. 2008. China’s new Confucianism: Politics and everyday life in a changing society. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Bell, D. 2008. China’s new Confucianism: Politics and everyday life in a changing society. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Boermans, M., Roeldsema, H., & Zhang, Y. 2011. Regional determinants of FDI in China: A factor-based approach. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 9(1): 23–42.CrossRef Boermans, M., Roeldsema, H., & Zhang, Y. 2011. Regional determinants of FDI in China: A factor-based approach. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 9(1): 23–42.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brau, J. C., Dahl, D., Zhang, H., & Zhou, M. 2014. Regulatory reforms and convergence of the banking sector: Evidence from China. Managerial Finance, 40(10): 956.CrossRef Brau, J. C., Dahl, D., Zhang, H., & Zhou, M. 2014. Regulatory reforms and convergence of the banking sector: Evidence from China. Managerial Finance, 40(10): 956.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brislin, R. W. 1986. The wording and translation of research instruments. In W. J. Lonner, & J. W. Berry (Eds.). Field methods in cross-cultural research: 137–164. Beverly Hills: Sage. Brislin, R. W. 1986. The wording and translation of research instruments. In W. J. Lonner, & J. W. Berry (Eds.). Field methods in cross-cultural research: 137–164. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Bruton, G. D., & Lau, C.-M. 2008. Asian management research: Status today and future outlook. Journal of Management Studies, 45: 636–659.CrossRef Bruton, G. D., & Lau, C.-M. 2008. Asian management research: Status today and future outlook. Journal of Management Studies, 45: 636–659.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chan, K. W. 2013. China, internal migration. In I. Ness, & P. Bellwood (Eds.). The encyclopedia of global human migration. New York: Wiley-Blackwell. Chan, K. W. 2013. China, internal migration. In I. Ness, & P. Bellwood (Eds.). The encyclopedia of global human migration. New York: Wiley-Blackwell.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheung, Y., Kong, D., Tan, W., & Wang, W. 2015. Being good when being international in an emerging economy: The case of China. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(4): 805–817.CrossRef Cheung, Y., Kong, D., Tan, W., & Wang, W. 2015. Being good when being international in an emerging economy: The case of China. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(4): 805–817.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Clark, J. S. 1960. An American policy toward communist China. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 330(1): 50–58. Clark, J. S. 1960. An American policy toward communist China. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 330(1): 50–58.
Zurück zum Zitat Demurger, S. 2001. Infrastructure development and economic growth: An explanation for regional disparity in China. Journal of Comparative Economics, 29(1): 95–117.CrossRef Demurger, S. 2001. Infrastructure development and economic growth: An explanation for regional disparity in China. Journal of Comparative Economics, 29(1): 95–117.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Demurger, S., Sachs, J., Woo, W. T., Bao, S., Chang, G., & Mellinger, A. 2002. Geography, economic policy and regional development in China. Asian Economic Papers, 1(1): 146–197.CrossRef Demurger, S., Sachs, J., Woo, W. T., Bao, S., Chang, G., & Mellinger, A. 2002. Geography, economic policy and regional development in China. Asian Economic Papers, 1(1): 146–197.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dickson, B. 2008. Wealth and power in contemporary China: The communist party’s embrace of the private sector. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Dickson, B. 2008. Wealth and power in contemporary China: The communist party’s embrace of the private sector. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Duan, J., & Dholakia, N. 2015. The reshaping of Chinese consumer values in the social media era. Qualitative Market Research, 18(4): 409–426.CrossRef Duan, J., & Dholakia, N. 2015. The reshaping of Chinese consumer values in the social media era. Qualitative Market Research, 18(4): 409–426.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Egri, C. P., & Ralston, D. A. 2004. Generation cohorts and personal values: A comparison of China and the United States. Organization Science, 15(2): 210–220. Egri, C. P., & Ralston, D. A. 2004. Generation cohorts and personal values: A comparison of China and the United States. Organization Science, 15(2): 210–220.
Zurück zum Zitat Egri, C. P., Ralston, D. A., Murray, C. S., & Nicholson, J. D. 2000. Managers in the NAFTA countries: A cross-cultural comparison of attitudes towards upward influence strategies. Journal of International Management, 6: 149–172.CrossRef Egri, C. P., Ralston, D. A., Murray, C. S., & Nicholson, J. D. 2000. Managers in the NAFTA countries: A cross-cultural comparison of attitudes towards upward influence strategies. Journal of International Management, 6: 149–172.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, C. C. 1995. Of belts and ladders: State policy and uneven regional development in post-Mao China. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 85(3): 421–449.CrossRef Fan, C. C. 1995. Of belts and ladders: State policy and uneven regional development in post-Mao China. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 85(3): 421–449.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, C. C. 2002. The elite, the natives, and the outsiders: Migration and labor market segmentation in urban China. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 92(1): 103–124.CrossRef Fan, C. C. 2002. The elite, the natives, and the outsiders: Migration and labor market segmentation in urban China. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 92(1): 103–124.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, C. C. 2006. China’s eleventh five-year plan (2006–2010): From “getting rich first” to “common prosperity”. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(6): 708–723. Fan, C. C. 2006. China’s eleventh five-year plan (2006–2010): From “getting rich first” to “common prosperity”. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(6): 708–723.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, C. C. 2008a. China on the move: Migration, the state, and the household. New York: Routledge. Fan, C. C. 2008a. China on the move: Migration, the state, and the household. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, C. C. 2008b. Migration, hukou, and the Chinese city. In S. Yusuf, & A. Saich (Eds.). China urbanizes: Consequences, strategies, and policies: 65–90. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Fan, C. C. 2008b. Migration, hukou, and the Chinese city. In S. Yusuf, & A. Saich (Eds.). China urbanizes: Consequences, strategies, and policies: 65–90. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, G., Wang, X., & Zhu, H. 2003. NERI index of marketization of China’s provinces. Beijing: National Economic Research Institute. Fan, G., Wang, X., & Zhu, H. 2003. NERI index of marketization of China’s provinces. Beijing: National Economic Research Institute.
Zurück zum Zitat Fitzgerald, J. 1998. Between individual dignity and nationalist indignation: The irrational roots of liberalism and nationalism in contemporary China. New York: Columbia University, East Asian Institute. Fitzgerald, J. 1998. Between individual dignity and nationalist indignation: The irrational roots of liberalism and nationalism in contemporary China. New York: Columbia University, East Asian Institute.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleischer, B. M., Li, H., & Zhao, M. Q. 2010. Human capital, economic growth, and regional inequality in China. Journal of Development Economics, 92(2): 215–231.CrossRef Fleischer, B. M., Li, H., & Zhao, M. Q. 2010. Human capital, economic growth, and regional inequality in China. Journal of Development Economics, 92(2): 215–231.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Froese, F. J. 2013. Work values of the next generation of business leaders in Shanghai, Tokyo, and Seoul. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30(1): 297–315. Froese, F. J. 2013. Work values of the next generation of business leaders in Shanghai, Tokyo, and Seoul. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30(1): 297–315.
Zurück zum Zitat Fu, X. 2004. Limited linkages from growth engines and regional disparities in China. Journal of Comparative Economics, 32(1): 148–164.CrossRef Fu, X. 2004. Limited linkages from growth engines and regional disparities in China. Journal of Comparative Economics, 32(1): 148–164.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fujita, M., & Hu, D. 2001. Regional disparity in China 1985–1994: The effects of globalization and economic liberalization. Annals of Regional Science, 35(1): 3–37.CrossRef Fujita, M., & Hu, D. 2001. Regional disparity in China 1985–1994: The effects of globalization and economic liberalization. Annals of Regional Science, 35(1): 3–37.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gerth, K. 2010. As China goes, so goes the world: How Chinese consumers are transforming everything. New York: Hill & Wang. Gerth, K. 2010. As China goes, so goes the world: How Chinese consumers are transforming everything. New York: Hill & Wang.
Zurück zum Zitat Giddens, A. 2000. Runaway world: How globalization is reshaping our lives. New York: Routledge. Giddens, A. 2000. Runaway world: How globalization is reshaping our lives. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Goh, C. C., Luo, X., & Zhu, N. 2009. Income growth, inequality and poverty reduction: A case study of eight provinces in China. China Economic Review, 20(3): 485–496.CrossRef Goh, C. C., Luo, X., & Zhu, N. 2009. Income growth, inequality and poverty reduction: A case study of eight provinces in China. China Economic Review, 20(3): 485–496.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hanges, P. L. 2004. Response bias correction procedure used in GLOBE. In R. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies: 737–751. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Hanges, P. L. 2004. Response bias correction procedure used in GLOBE. In R. J. House, P. J. Hanges, M. Javidan, P. W. Dorfman, & V. Gupta (Eds.). Culture, leadership, and organizations: The GLOBE study of 62 societies: 737–751. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Held, D., & McGrew, A. 2007. Globalization/anti-globalization: Beyond the great divide, 2nd ed. Hoboken: Wiley. Held, D., & McGrew, A. 2007. Globalization/anti-globalization: Beyond the great divide, 2nd ed. Hoboken: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Henderson, D. J., Tochkov, K., & Badunenko, O. 2007. A drive up the capital coast? Contributions to post-reform growth across Chinese provinces. Journal of Macroeconomics, 29(3): 569–594.CrossRef Henderson, D. J., Tochkov, K., & Badunenko, O. 2007. A drive up the capital coast? Contributions to post-reform growth across Chinese provinces. Journal of Macroeconomics, 29(3): 569–594.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hofstede, G. 2001. Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Hofstede, G. 2001. Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. 1988. The Confucius connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4): 4–21.CrossRef Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. 1988. The Confucius connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4): 4–21.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Eds.) 2004. Culture, leadership, and organizations: GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks: Sage. House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (Eds.) 2004. Culture, leadership, and organizations: GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Hung, K. H., Gu, F. F., & Yim, S. K. B. 2007. A social institutional approach to identifying generation cohorts in China with a comparison with American consumers. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(5): 836–853.CrossRef Hung, K. H., Gu, F. F., & Yim, S. K. B. 2007. A social institutional approach to identifying generation cohorts in China with a comparison with American consumers. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(5): 836–853.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hurrell, A., & Woods, N. 2000. Globalization and inequality. In R. Higgott (Ed.). The new political economy of globalization: 447–470. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Hurrell, A., & Woods, N. 2000. Globalization and inequality. In R. Higgott (Ed.). The new political economy of globalization: 447–470. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Zurück zum Zitat Inglehart, R. 1997. Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic, and political change in 43 societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Inglehart, R. 1997. Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic, and political change in 43 societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Ip, P. K. 2008. Corporate social responsibility and crony capitalism in Taiwan. Journal of Business Ethics, 79(1–2): 167–177.CrossRef Ip, P. K. 2008. Corporate social responsibility and crony capitalism in Taiwan. Journal of Business Ethics, 79(1–2): 167–177.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ip, P. K. 2009. Is Confucianism good for business ethics in China?. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(3): 463–476. Ip, P. K. 2009. Is Confucianism good for business ethics in China?. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(3): 463–476.
Zurück zum Zitat Jaeger, A. M., Kim, S. S., & Butt, A. N. 2016. Leveraging values diversity: The emergence and implications of a global managerial culture in global organizations. Management International Review, 56: 227–254.CrossRef Jaeger, A. M., Kim, S. S., & Butt, A. N. 2016. Leveraging values diversity: The emergence and implications of a global managerial culture in global organizations. Management International Review, 56: 227–254.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jia, L., You, S., & Du, Y. 2012. Chinese context and theoretical contributions to management and organization research: A three-decade review. Management and Organization Review, 8(1): 173–209.CrossRef Jia, L., You, S., & Du, Y. 2012. Chinese context and theoretical contributions to management and organization research: A three-decade review. Management and Organization Review, 8(1): 173–209.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang, Y. 2011. Understanding openness and productivity growth in China: An empirical study of the Chinese provinces. China Economic Review, 22(3): 290–298.CrossRef Jiang, Y. 2011. Understanding openness and productivity growth in China: An empirical study of the Chinese provinces. China Economic Review, 22(3): 290–298.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang, N., Liping, W., & Sharma, K. 2013. Trends, patters and determinants of foreign direct investment in china. Global Business Review, 14(2): 201–210.CrossRef Jiang, N., Liping, W., & Sharma, K. 2013. Trends, patters and determinants of foreign direct investment in china. Global Business Review, 14(2): 201–210.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kanbur, R., & Zhang, X. 2005. Fifty years of regional inequality in China: A journey through central planning, reform, and openness. Review of Development Economics, 9(1): 87–106.CrossRef Kanbur, R., & Zhang, X. 2005. Fifty years of regional inequality in China: A journey through central planning, reform, and openness. Review of Development Economics, 9(1): 87–106.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Karam, C. M., & Ralston, D. A. 2016. A failure before analysis: The soup to nuts of preparing for multicountry analyses. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, 23: 590–612.CrossRef Karam, C. M., & Ralston, D. A. 2016. A failure before analysis: The soup to nuts of preparing for multicountry analyses. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, 23: 590–612.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Karam, C. M., Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Butt, A., Srinivasan, N., Fu, P. P., Lee, C. H., Moon, Y.-l., Li, Y., Ansari, M., Kuo, M.-H., Thanh, H. V., Pekerti, A., Hallinger, P., Fang, Y., & Chia, H. B. 2013. The use of favors to get ahead at work in Asia: An 11-society assessment. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30(2): 373–408. Karam, C. M., Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Butt, A., Srinivasan, N., Fu, P. P., Lee, C. H., Moon, Y.-l., Li, Y., Ansari, M., Kuo, M.-H., Thanh, H. V., Pekerti, A., Hallinger, P., Fang, Y., & Chia, H. B. 2013. The use of favors to get ahead at work in Asia: An 11-society assessment. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30(2): 373–408.
Zurück zum Zitat Keng, C. W. K. 2006. China’s unbalanced economic growth. Journal of Contemporary China, 15(46): 183–214. Keng, C. W. K. 2006. China’s unbalanced economic growth. Journal of Contemporary China, 15(46): 183–214.
Zurück zum Zitat King, G., Pan, J., & Roberts, M. E. 2013. How censorship in China allows government criticism but silences collective expression. American Political Science Review, 107(2): 326–343.CrossRef King, G., Pan, J., & Roberts, M. E. 2013. How censorship in China allows government criticism but silences collective expression. American Political Science Review, 107(2): 326–343.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kluckhohn, F. R., & Strodtbeck, F. L. 1961. Variations in value orientations. Evanston: Row, Peterson. Kluckhohn, F. R., & Strodtbeck, F. L. 1961. Variations in value orientations. Evanston: Row, Peterson.
Zurück zum Zitat Kojima, K., Choe, J.-Y., Ohtomo, T., & Tsujinaka, Y. 2012. The corporatist system and social organizations in China. Management and Organization Review, 8: 609–628.CrossRef Kojima, K., Choe, J.-Y., Ohtomo, T., & Tsujinaka, Y. 2012. The corporatist system and social organizations in China. Management and Organization Review, 8: 609–628.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Koveos, P., & Zhang, Y. 2012. Regional inequality and poverty in pre- and postreform China: Can entrepreneurship make a difference?. Thunderbird International Business Review, 54(1): 59–72. Koveos, P., & Zhang, Y. 2012. Regional inequality and poverty in pre- and postreform China: Can entrepreneurship make a difference?. Thunderbird International Business Review, 54(1): 59–72.
Zurück zum Zitat Lambridis, & Koukoulis 2005. The awakening of the red dragon. China fills the power vacuum in the Far East. Asia Europe Journal, 3(4): 479–499.CrossRef Lambridis, & Koukoulis 2005. The awakening of the red dragon. China fills the power vacuum in the Far East. Asia Europe Journal, 3(4): 479–499.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lederman, D., Olarreaga, M., & Perry, G. E. 2009. Latin America’s response to China and India: Overview of research findings and policy implications. In D. Lederman, M. Olarreaga, & G. E. Perry (Eds.). China’s and India’s challenge to Latin America: Opportunity or threat: 3–38. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Lederman, D., Olarreaga, M., & Perry, G. E. 2009. Latin America’s response to China and India: Overview of research findings and policy implications. In D. Lederman, M. Olarreaga, & G. E. Perry (Eds.). China’s and India’s challenge to Latin America: Opportunity or threat: 3–38. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Zurück zum Zitat Liang, H., Ren, B., & Sun, S. J. 2014. An anatomy of state control in the globalization of state-owned enterprises. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(2): 223–240.CrossRef Liang, H., Ren, B., & Sun, S. J. 2014. An anatomy of state control in the globalization of state-owned enterprises. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(2): 223–240.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lin, N. 2011. Capitalism in China: A centrally managed capitalism (CMC) and its future. Management and Organization Review, 7: 63–96.CrossRef Lin, N. 2011. Capitalism in China: A centrally managed capitalism (CMC) and its future. Management and Organization Review, 7: 63–96.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, K., Daly, K., & Varua, M. E. 2012. Determinants of regional distribution of FDI inflows across China’s four regions. International Business Research, 5(12): 119–126.CrossRef Liu, K., Daly, K., & Varua, M. E. 2012. Determinants of regional distribution of FDI inflows across China’s four regions. International Business Research, 5(12): 119–126.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lyons, T. P. 1987. Economic integration and planning in Maoist China. New York: Columbia University Press. Lyons, T. P. 1987. Economic integration and planning in Maoist China. New York: Columbia University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Melchior, A. 2010. Globalisation and the provinces of China: The role of domestic versus international trade integration. Journal of Chinese Economic & Business Studies, 8(3): 227–252.CrossRef Melchior, A. 2010. Globalisation and the provinces of China: The role of domestic versus international trade integration. Journal of Chinese Economic & Business Studies, 8(3): 227–252.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Michailova, S., & Hutchings, K. 2006. National cultural influences on knowledge sharing: A comparison of China and Russia. Journal of Management Studies, 43: 383–405.CrossRef Michailova, S., & Hutchings, K. 2006. National cultural influences on knowledge sharing: A comparison of China and Russia. Journal of Management Studies, 43: 383–405.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Offermann, L. R., & Hellmann, P. S. 1997. Culture’s consequences for leadership behavior: National values in action. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28(3): 342–351. Offermann, L. R., & Hellmann, P. S. 1997. Culture’s consequences for leadership behavior: National values in action. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28(3): 342–351.
Zurück zum Zitat Oyserman, D., Coon, H. M., & Kemmelmeier, M. 2002. Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128(1): 3–72.CrossRef Oyserman, D., Coon, H. M., & Kemmelmeier, M. 2002. Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128(1): 3–72.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Phan, P., Zhou, J., & Abrahamson, E. 2010. Creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship in China. Management and Organization Review, 6: 175–194.CrossRef Phan, P., Zhou, J., & Abrahamson, E. 2010. Creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship in China. Management and Organization Review, 6: 175–194.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Poncet, S. 2003. Measuring Chinese domestic and international integration. China Economic Review, 14(1): 1–21.CrossRef Poncet, S. 2003. Measuring Chinese domestic and international integration. China Economic Review, 14(1): 1–21.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Poncet, S. 2005. A fragmented China: Measure and determinants of Chinese domestic market disintegration. Review of International Economics, 13(3): 409–430.CrossRef Poncet, S. 2005. A fragmented China: Measure and determinants of Chinese domestic market disintegration. Review of International Economics, 13(3): 409–430.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Quer, D., Claver, E., & Rienda, L. 2012. Political risk, cultural distance, and outward foreign direct investment: Empirical evidence from large Chinese firms. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(4): 1089–1104.CrossRef Quer, D., Claver, E., & Rienda, L. 2012. Political risk, cultural distance, and outward foreign direct investment: Empirical evidence from large Chinese firms. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(4): 1089–1104.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A. 2008. The crossvergence perspective: Reflections and projections. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(1): 27–40.CrossRef Ralston, D. A. 2008. The crossvergence perspective: Reflections and projections. Journal of International Business Studies, 39(1): 27–40.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., de la Garza-Carranza, M. T., Ramburuth, P., Terpstra-Tong, J., Pekerti, A., Grison, I., Herrig, H., Dabic, M., Tang, M., Wan, P., Hallinger, P., Palmer, I., Elenkov, D., Furrer, O., Potocan, V. V., Wangenheim, F., Maignan, I., Perrewé, P., Rossi, A. M., Lenartowicz, T., Ledgerwood, D. E., May, R. C., Weber, M., Jesuino, J. C., Fu, P. P., Naoumova, I., Casado, T., Riddel, L., Richards, M., Butt, A., Danis, W., Castro, F. B., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, J., Milton, L., Ansari, M., Brock, D., Srinivasan, N., Starkus, A., Dalgic, T., Darder, F. L., Hung, V. T., Moon, Y. L., Chia, H. B., Kuo, C., Molteni, M., Kangasniemi, M., Mellahi, K., & Wallace, A. 2009. Ethical preferences for influencing superiors: A 41-society study. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(6): 1022–1045. Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., de la Garza-Carranza, M. T., Ramburuth, P., Terpstra-Tong, J., Pekerti, A., Grison, I., Herrig, H., Dabic, M., Tang, M., Wan, P., Hallinger, P., Palmer, I., Elenkov, D., Furrer, O., Potocan, V. V., Wangenheim, F., Maignan, I., Perrewé, P., Rossi, A. M., Lenartowicz, T., Ledgerwood, D. E., May, R. C., Weber, M., Jesuino, J. C., Fu, P. P., Naoumova, I., Casado, T., Riddel, L., Richards, M., Butt, A., Danis, W., Castro, F. B., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, J., Milton, L., Ansari, M., Brock, D., Srinivasan, N., Starkus, A., Dalgic, T., Darder, F. L., Hung, V. T., Moon, Y. L., Chia, H. B., Kuo, C., Molteni, M., Kangasniemi, M., Mellahi, K., & Wallace, A. 2009. Ethical preferences for influencing superiors: A 41-society study. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(6): 1022–1045.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Furrer, O., Kuo, M.-H., Li, J., Wangenheim, F., Dabic, M., Naoumova, I., Shimizu, K., de la Garza Carranza, M. T., Fu, P. P., Potocan, V., Pekerti, A., Lenartowicz, T., Srinivasan, N., Casado, T., Rossi, A. M., Szabo, E., Butt, A., Palmer, I., Ramburuth, P., Brock, D., Terpstra-Tong, J., Grison, I., Reynaud, E., Richards, M., Hallinger, P., Castro, F. B., Gutiérrez, J. R., Milton, L., Ansari, M., Starkus, A., Mockaitis, A., Dalgic, T., Darder, F. L., Thanh, H. V., Moon, Y.-L., Molteni, M., Fang, Y., Pla-Barber, J., Alas, R., Maignan, I., Jesuino, J. C., Lee, C.-H., Nicholson, J. D., Chia, H.-B., Danis, W., Dharmasiri, A. S., & Weber, M. 2014. Societal-level versus individual-level predictions of ethical behavior: A 48-society study of collectivism and individualism. Journal of Business Ethics, 122: 283–306. Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Furrer, O., Kuo, M.-H., Li, J., Wangenheim, F., Dabic, M., Naoumova, I., Shimizu, K., de la Garza Carranza, M. T., Fu, P. P., Potocan, V., Pekerti, A., Lenartowicz, T., Srinivasan, N., Casado, T., Rossi, A. M., Szabo, E., Butt, A., Palmer, I., Ramburuth, P., Brock, D., Terpstra-Tong, J., Grison, I., Reynaud, E., Richards, M., Hallinger, P., Castro, F. B., Gutiérrez, J. R., Milton, L., Ansari, M., Starkus, A., Mockaitis, A., Dalgic, T., Darder, F. L., Thanh, H. V., Moon, Y.-L., Molteni, M., Fang, Y., Pla-Barber, J., Alas, R., Maignan, I., Jesuino, J. C., Lee, C.-H., Nicholson, J. D., Chia, H.-B., Danis, W., Dharmasiri, A. S., & Weber, M. 2014. Societal-level versus individual-level predictions of ethical behavior: A 48-society study of collectivism and individualism. Journal of Business Ethics, 122: 283–306.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D., Egri, C., Karam, C., Naoumova, I., Srinivasan, N., Casado, T., Li, Y., & Alas, R. 2015. The triple-bottom-line of corporate responsibility: Assessing the attitudes of present and future business professionals across the BRICs. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 32(1): 145–179. Ralston, D., Egri, C., Karam, C., Naoumova, I., Srinivasan, N., Casado, T., Li, Y., & Alas, R. 2015. The triple-bottom-line of corporate responsibility: Assessing the attitudes of present and future business professionals across the BRICs. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 32(1): 145–179.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Reynaud, E., Srinivasan, N., Furrer, O., Brock, D., Alas, R., Wangenheim, F., Darder, F. L., Kuo, C., Potocan, V., Mockaitis, A., Szabo, E., Gutiérrez, J., Pekerti, A., Butt, A., Palmer, I., Naoumova, I., Lenartowicz, T., Starkus, A., Hung, V. T., Dalgic, T., Molteni, M., de la Garza Carranza, M. T., Maignan, I., Castro, F. B., Moon, Y.-L., Terpstra-Tong, J., Dabic, M., Li, Y., Danis, W., Kangasniemi, M., Ansari, M., Riddle, L., Milton, L., Hallinger, P., Elenkov, D., Girson, I., Gelbuda, M., Ramburuth, P., Casado, T., Rossi, A. M., Richards, M., Van Deusen, C., Fu, P.-P., Wan, P. M. K., Tang, M., Lee, C.-H., Chia, H.-B., Fan, Y., & Wallace, A. 2011. A twenty-first century assessment of values across the global workforce. Journal of Business Ethics, 104(1): 1–31. Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Reynaud, E., Srinivasan, N., Furrer, O., Brock, D., Alas, R., Wangenheim, F., Darder, F. L., Kuo, C., Potocan, V., Mockaitis, A., Szabo, E., Gutiérrez, J., Pekerti, A., Butt, A., Palmer, I., Naoumova, I., Lenartowicz, T., Starkus, A., Hung, V. T., Dalgic, T., Molteni, M., de la Garza Carranza, M. T., Maignan, I., Castro, F. B., Moon, Y.-L., Terpstra-Tong, J., Dabic, M., Li, Y., Danis, W., Kangasniemi, M., Ansari, M., Riddle, L., Milton, L., Hallinger, P., Elenkov, D., Girson, I., Gelbuda, M., Ramburuth, P., Casado, T., Rossi, A. M., Richards, M., Van Deusen, C., Fu, P.-P., Wan, P. M. K., Tang, M., Lee, C.-H., Chia, H.-B., Fan, Y., & Wallace, A. 2011. A twenty-first century assessment of values across the global workforce. Journal of Business Ethics, 104(1): 1–31.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Stewart, S., Terpstra, R. H., & Yu, K. C. 1999. Doing business in the 21st century with the new generation of Chinese managers: A study of generational shifts in work values in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(2): 415–428. Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Stewart, S., Terpstra, R. H., & Yu, K. C. 1999. Doing business in the 21st century with the new generation of Chinese managers: A study of generational shifts in work values in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(2): 415–428.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Gustafson, D. J., Cheung, F. M., & Terpstra, R. H. 1993. Differences in managerial values: A study of US, Hong Kong and PRC managers. Journal of International Business Studies, 24: 249–275. Ralston, D. A., Gustafson, D. J., Cheung, F. M., & Terpstra, R. H. 1993. Differences in managerial values: A study of US, Hong Kong and PRC managers. Journal of International Business Studies, 24: 249–275.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Holt, D. H., Terpstra, R. H., & Yu, K. C. 1997. The impact of national culture and economic ideology on managerial work values: A study of the United States, Russia, Japan, and China. Journal of International Business Studies, 28: 177–207. Ralston, D. A., Holt, D. H., Terpstra, R. H., & Yu, K. C. 1997. The impact of national culture and economic ideology on managerial work values: A study of the United States, Russia, Japan, and China. Journal of International Business Studies, 28: 177–207.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Pounder, J., Lo, C. W. H., Wong, Y. Y., Egri, C. P., & Stauffer, J. 2006. Stability and change in managerial work values: A longitudinal study of China, Hong Kong and the US. Management and Organization Review, 2(1): 67–94. Ralston, D. A., Pounder, J., Lo, C. W. H., Wong, Y. Y., Egri, C. P., & Stauffer, J. 2006. Stability and change in managerial work values: A longitudinal study of China, Hong Kong and the US. Management and Organization Review, 2(1): 67–94.
Zurück zum Zitat Ralston, D. A., Yu, K. C., Wang, X., Terpstra, R. H., & He, W. 1996. The cosmopolitan Chinese manager: Findings of a study on managerial values across the six regions of China. Journal of International Management, 2: 79–109. Ralston, D. A., Yu, K. C., Wang, X., Terpstra, R. H., & He, W. 1996. The cosmopolitan Chinese manager: Findings of a study on managerial values across the six regions of China. Journal of International Management, 2: 79–109.
Zurück zum Zitat Rao, A. N., & Pearce, J. L. 2016. Should management practice adapt to cultural values? The evidence against power distance adaptation. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, 23: 257–286.CrossRef Rao, A. N., & Pearce, J. L. 2016. Should management practice adapt to cultural values? The evidence against power distance adaptation. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, 23: 257–286.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rousseau, D. M. 1985. Issues of level in organizational research: Multilevel and cross-level perspectives. In B. M. Staw, & L. L. Cummings (Eds.). Research in organizational behavior, 7: 1–37. Greenwich: JAI Press. Rousseau, D. M. 1985. Issues of level in organizational research: Multilevel and cross-level perspectives. In B. M. Staw, & L. L. Cummings (Eds.). Research in organizational behavior, 7: 1–37. Greenwich: JAI Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarala, R., & Vaara, E. 2010. Cultural differences, convergence and crossvergence as explanations of knowledge transfer in international acquisitions. Journal of International Business Studies, 41: 1365–1390.CrossRef Sarala, R., & Vaara, E. 2010. Cultural differences, convergence and crossvergence as explanations of knowledge transfer in international acquisitions. Journal of International Business Studies, 41: 1365–1390.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schwartz, S. H. 1990. Individualism-collectivism: Critique and proposed refinements. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 21: 139–157.CrossRef Schwartz, S. H. 1990. Individualism-collectivism: Critique and proposed refinements. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 21: 139–157.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schwartz, S. H. 1992. Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology, 25: 1–65. San Diego: Academic Press. Schwartz, S. H. 1992. Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.). Advances in experimental social psychology, 25: 1–65. San Diego: Academic Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwartz, S. H. 1994. Beyond individualism/collectivism: New dimensions of values. In U. Kim, H. C. Triandis, C. Kagitçibasi, S. C. Choi, & G. Yoon (Eds.). Individualism and collectivism: Theory, applications, and methods: 85–119. Newbury Park: Sage. Schwartz, S. H. 1994. Beyond individualism/collectivism: New dimensions of values. In U. Kim, H. C. Triandis, C. Kagitçibasi, S. C. Choi, & G. Yoon (Eds.). Individualism and collectivism: Theory, applications, and methods: 85–119. Newbury Park: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Shi, W., Sun, S. L., & Peng, M. W. 2012. Sub-national institutional contingencies, network positions, and IJV partner selection. Journal of Management Studies, 49: 1221–1245.CrossRef Shi, W., Sun, S. L., & Peng, M. W. 2012. Sub-national institutional contingencies, network positions, and IJV partner selection. Journal of Management Studies, 49: 1221–1245.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shi, W., Sun, S. L., Pinkham, B. C., & Peng, M. W. 2014. Domestic alliance network to attract foreign partners: Evidence from international joint ventures in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(3): 338–362.CrossRef Shi, W., Sun, S. L., Pinkham, B. C., & Peng, M. W. 2014. Domestic alliance network to attract foreign partners: Evidence from international joint ventures in China. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(3): 338–362.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sohmen, P. 2001. Taming the dragon: China’s efforts to regulate the internet. Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs, 1(1): 17–26. Sohmen, P. 2001. Taming the dragon: China’s efforts to regulate the internet. Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs, 1(1): 17–26.
Zurück zum Zitat Song, W. 2008. Development of the internet and digital divide in China: A spatial analysis. Intercultural Communication Studies, 8(3): 20–43. Song, W. 2008. Development of the internet and digital divide in China: A spatial analysis. Intercultural Communication Studies, 8(3): 20–43.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun, S. L., Peng, M. W., Lee, R. P., & Tan, W. 2015. Institutional open access at home and outward internationalization. Journal of World Business, 50(1): 234–246.CrossRef Sun, S. L., Peng, M. W., Lee, R. P., & Tan, W. 2015. Institutional open access at home and outward internationalization. Journal of World Business, 50(1): 234–246.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. 2007. Using multivariate statistics, 5th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. 2007. Using multivariate statistics, 5th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Zurück zum Zitat Triandis, H. C. 1995. Individualism & collectivism: New directions in social psychology. Boulder:Westview Press. Triandis, H. C. 1995. Individualism & collectivism: New directions in social psychology. Boulder:Westview Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Trompenaars, A. 1994. ‪Riding the waves of culture: Understanding diversity in global business. New York: McGraw-Hill. Trompenaars, A. 1994. ‪Riding the waves of culture: Understanding diversity in global business. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Zurück zum Zitat Tse, D. K., Francis, J., & Walls, J. 1994. Cultural differences in conducting intra- and inter-cultural negotiations: A Sino-Canadian comparison. Journal Of International Business Studies, 25: 537–555.CrossRef Tse, D. K., Francis, J., & Walls, J. 1994. Cultural differences in conducting intra- and inter-cultural negotiations: A Sino-Canadian comparison. Journal Of International Business Studies, 25: 537–555.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tuan, C., Ng, L. F. Y., & Zhao, B. 2009. China’s post-economic reform growth: The role of FDI and productivity progress. Journal of Asian Economics, 20(3): 280–293.CrossRef Tuan, C., Ng, L. F. Y., & Zhao, B. 2009. China’s post-economic reform growth: The role of FDI and productivity progress. Journal of Asian Economics, 20(3): 280–293.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tung, R. L. 2008. The cross-cultural research imperative: The need to balance cross-national and intra-national diversity. Journal of International Business Studies, 39: 41–47. Tung, R. L. 2008. The cross-cultural research imperative: The need to balance cross-national and intra-national diversity. Journal of International Business Studies, 39: 41–47.
Zurück zum Zitat Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M., & Scherer, A. G. 2012. Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1): 1–16.CrossRef Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M., & Scherer, A. G. 2012. Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1): 1–16.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wan, G., Lu, M., & Chen, Z. 2007. Globalization and regional income inequality: Empirical evidence within China. Review of Income and Wealth, 53(1): 35–49.CrossRef Wan, G., Lu, M., & Chen, Z. 2007. Globalization and regional income inequality: Empirical evidence within China. Review of Income and Wealth, 53(1): 35–49.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, C., Wan, G., & Yang, D. 2014. Income inequality in the People’s republic of China: Trends, determinants and proposed remedies. Journal of Economic Surveys, 28(4): 686–708.CrossRef Wang, C., Wan, G., & Yang, D. 2014. Income inequality in the People’s republic of China: Trends, determinants and proposed remedies. Journal of Economic Surveys, 28(4): 686–708.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Webber, R. A. 1969. Convergence or divergence. Columbia Journal of World Business, 4(3): 75–83. Webber, R. A. 1969. Convergence or divergence. Columbia Journal of World Business, 4(3): 75–83.
Zurück zum Zitat Weber, I., & Jia, L. 2007. Internet and self-regulation in China: The cultural logic of controlled codification. Media, Culture & Society, 29: 772–789.CrossRef Weber, I., & Jia, L. 2007. Internet and self-regulation in China: The cultural logic of controlled codification. Media, Culture & Society, 29: 772–789.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wei, T. 2011. EU-China relations in the age of globalization and regionalization. EurAmerica, 41(1): 181–220. Wei, T. 2011. EU-China relations in the age of globalization and regionalization. EurAmerica, 41(1): 181–220.
Zurück zum Zitat Whyte, M. K. 2009. Paradoxes of China’s economic boom. Annual Review of Sociology, 35: 371–392.CrossRef Whyte, M. K. 2009. Paradoxes of China’s economic boom. Annual Review of Sociology, 35: 371–392.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wu, X., & Treiman, D. J. 2004. The household registration system and social stratification in China: 1955–1996. Demography, 41(2): 363–384.CrossRef Wu, X., & Treiman, D. J. 2004. The household registration system and social stratification in China: 1955–1996. Demography, 41(2): 363–384.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yang, J., Liu, H., Gao, S., & Li, Y. 2012. Technological innovation of firms in China: Past, present, and future. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(3): 819–840. Yang, J., Liu, H., Gao, S., & Li, Y. 2012. Technological innovation of firms in China: Past, present, and future. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(3): 819–840.
Zurück zum Zitat Yao, S., & Wei, K. 2007. Economic growth in the presence of FDI: The perspective of newly industrializing economies. Journal of Comparative Economics, 35(1): 211–234. Yao, S., & Wei, K. 2007. Economic growth in the presence of FDI: The perspective of newly industrializing economies. Journal of Comparative Economics, 35(1): 211–234.
Zurück zum Zitat Yao, S., & Zhang, Z., 2001. Regional growth in China under economic reforms. Journal of Development Studies, 38(2): 167–186. Yao, S., & Zhang, Z., 2001. Regional growth in China under economic reforms. Journal of Development Studies, 38(2): 167–186.
Zurück zum Zitat Young, A. 2000. The razor’s edge: Distortions and incremental reform in the People’s Republic of China. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(4): 1091–1135. Young, A. 2000. The razor’s edge: Distortions and incremental reform in the People’s Republic of China. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(4): 1091–1135.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, T. 2008. The revival of Confucianism in Chinese schools: A historical-political review. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 28(2): 113–129.CrossRef Yu, T. 2008. The revival of Confucianism in Chinese schools: A historical-political review. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 28(2): 113–129.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, X., & Zhang, K. H. 2003. How does globalization affect regional inequality within a developing country? Evidence from China. Journal of Development Studies, 39(4): 47–67.CrossRef Zhang, X., & Zhang, K. H. 2003. How does globalization affect regional inequality within a developing country? Evidence from China. Journal of Development Studies, 39(4): 47–67.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao, S. 2013. Privatization, FDI inflow and economic growth: Evidence from China’s provinces, 1978-2008. Applied Economics, 45(15): 2127–2139.CrossRef Zhao, S. 2013. Privatization, FDI inflow and economic growth: Evidence from China’s provinces, 1978-2008. Applied Economics, 45(15): 2127–2139.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng, L. 2013. Social media in Chinese government: Drivers, challenges and capabilities. Government Information Quarterly, 30(4): 369–376. Zheng, L. 2013. Social media in Chinese government: Drivers, challenges and capabilities. Government Information Quarterly, 30(4): 369–376.
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng, P. 2014. The contrasting strategies of owner-managed and foreign-engaged joint ventures under market socialism in China. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(3): 539–560. Zheng, P. 2014. The contrasting strategies of owner-managed and foreign-engaged joint ventures under market socialism in China. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 10(3): 539–560.
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng, Y. 2003. Globalization and state transformation in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Zheng, Y. 2003. Globalization and state transformation in China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Zheng, Y. 2010. Society must be defended: Reform, openness, and social policy in China. Journal of Contemporary China, 19(67): 799–818.CrossRef Zheng, Y. 2010. Society must be defended: Reform, openness, and social policy in China. Journal of Contemporary China, 19(67): 799–818.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu, J. H., & Wang, E. 2005. Diffusion, use, and effect of the internet in China. Communications of the ACM, 48(4): 49–53.CrossRef Zhu, J. H., & Wang, E. 2005. Diffusion, use, and effect of the internet in China. Communications of the ACM, 48(4): 49–53.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu, S., Lai, M., & Fu, X. 2008. Special characteristics and dynamics of provincial total factor productivity in China. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 6(2): 197–217.CrossRef Zhu, S., Lai, M., & Fu, X. 2008. Special characteristics and dynamics of provincial total factor productivity in China. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, 6(2): 197–217.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zurndorfer, H. T. 2004. Confusing Confucianism with capitalism: Culture as impediment and/or stimulus to Chinese economic development. Paper presented at the Third Global Economic History Network Meeting, Konstanz, Germany, June 3–5. Zurndorfer, H. T. 2004. Confusing Confucianism with capitalism: Culture as impediment and/or stimulus to Chinese economic development. Paper presented at the Third Global Economic History Network Meeting, Konstanz, Germany, June 3–5.
Metadaten
Titel
Changes in work values across the regions of China
verfasst von
David A. Ralston
Carolyn P. Egri
Charlotte M. Karam
Yongjuan Li
Ping Ping Fu
Publikationsdatum
19.07.2017
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Asia Pacific Journal of Management / Ausgabe 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0217-4561
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-9958
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-017-9519-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2018

Asia Pacific Journal of Management 1/2018 Zur Ausgabe