Skip to main content
  • 7 Accesses

Abstract

In October 1959 Labour suffered its third successive general election defeat. In the inevitable inquest which followed, a central issue was the party’s working-class image. Douglas Jay saw Labour’s two fatal handicaps as ‘the class image and the myth of nationalization’.1 Patrick Gordon Walker said simply: ‘The Tories identified with the new working class rather better than we did.’ Richard Crossman observed that ‘each year which takes us further, not only from the hungry Thirties but from the austere Forties weakens class consciousness’,2 while the Party Leader Hugh Gaitskell warned of ‘the changing character of labour, full employment, new housing, the new way of life based on the telly, the frig., the car and the glossy magazine — all have their effect on our political strength’.3

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes and References

  1. D. Childs, Britain since 1945 (London: Ernest Benn, 1979) p. 127.

    Google Scholar 

  2. D. E. Butler and R. Rose, The British General Election of 1959 (London: Macmillan, 1960) p. 197.

    Google Scholar 

  3. S. Hall, ‘The supply of demand’, in E. P. Thompson (ed.), Out of Apathy (London: Stevens, 1960) p. 95.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. Abrams, R. Rose and M. Hinden, Must Labour Lose? (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1960) p. 23.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ibid., p. 100.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ibid., p. 105.

    Google Scholar 

  7. R. Milne and H. Mackenzie, Marginal Seat, 1955 (London: Hansard Society, 1958) p. 34.

    Google Scholar 

  8. New Statesman, 18 February 1950, p. 179.

    Google Scholar 

  9. H. G. Nicholas, The British General Election of 1950 (London: Macmillan, 1951) pp. 213, 241.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Spectator, 27 January 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  11. New Statesman, 3 November 1951, p. 477.

    Google Scholar 

  12. D. E. Butler, The British General Election of 1955 (London: Macmillan, 1955) p. 15.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Economist, 30 May 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Observer, 31 May 1953, p. 6.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Butler, British General Election of 1955, p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  16. L. Immirzi, A. Smith and T. Blackwell, The Popular Press and Social Change 1945–65 (unpublished report for the Rowntree Trust, University of Birmingham) p. 5:24.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Butler, British General Election of 1955, p. 18.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ibid., p. 83.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Immirzi et al., Popular Press and Social Change, p. 5:10.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Milne and Mackenzie, Marginal Seat, p. 29.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Butler, British General Election of 1955, p. 162.

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. Sampson, Macmillan (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1968) p. 159.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Butler and Rose, British General Election of 1959, p. 136 (facing).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ibid., p. 24.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Spectator, 2 October 1959, p. 435.

    Google Scholar 

  26. G. Orwell, ‘England Your England’, in S. Orwell and I. Angus (eds), The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters and George Orwell, vol. 2 (Harmondsworth: Penguin 1970) p. 97.

    Google Scholar 

  27. C. A. R. Crosland, ‘The transition from capitalism’, in R. Crossman (ed.), New Fabian Essays (London: Turnstile Press, 1952) p. 34.

    Google Scholar 

  28. R. Crossman, ‘Towards a philosophy of socialism’, in New Fabian Essays, p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Crosland, ‘The transition from capitalism’, p. 36.

    Google Scholar 

  30. A. Albu, ‘The organisation of industry’, in New Fabian Essays, p. 131.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Ibid., p. 131.

    Google Scholar 

  32. E. Durbin, The Politics of Democratic Socialism (London: Routledge, 1940) pp. 109ff.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ibid., p. 119.

    Google Scholar 

  34. C. A. R. Crosland, The future of Socialism (London: Cape, 1956) p. 286.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ibid., p. 285.

    Google Scholar 

  36. T. R. Fyvel, ‘The stones of Harlow’, Encounter, June 1956, p. 15.

    Google Scholar 

  37. C. Curran, ‘The passing of the tribunes’, Encounter, June 1956, p. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  38. C. Curran, ‘The new estate in Great Britain’, Spectator, 20 January 1956, p. 72.

    Google Scholar 

  39. C. Curran, ‘The politics of the new estate’, Spectator, 17 February 1956, p. 209.

    Google Scholar 

  40. W. Young, ‘Return to Wigan Pier’, Encounter, June 1956, p. 5.

    Google Scholar 

  41. New Statesman, 17 October 1959, p. 492.

    Google Scholar 

  42. M. Abrams, ‘The home-centred society’, The Listener, 26 November 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Economist, 16 May 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  44. S. Hall, C. Critcher, T. Jefferson, J. Clarke and B. Roberts, Policing the Crisis (London: Macmillan, 1978) p. 235.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Sun, 15 September 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  46. The main source here is G. Sayers Bain, R. Bacon and J. Pimlott, ‘The Labour Force’, in A. H. Halsey (ed.), Trends in British Society since 1900 (London: Macmillan, 1972).

    Google Scholar 

  47. J. Westergaard and H. Resler, Class in a Capitalist Society (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976) p. 76.

    Google Scholar 

  48. A. H. Halsey, J. Sheehan and J. Vaizey, ‘Schools’, in Halsey (ed.), Trends in British Society.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Curran, ‘The passing of the tribunes’, p. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  50. A. H. Halsey, ‘Higher education’, in Halsey (ed.), Trends in British Society.

    Google Scholar 

  51. J. R. Short, Housing in Britain (London: Methuen, 1982) Ch. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  52. R. Banham, ‘Coronation Street, Hoggartsborough’, New Statesman, 9 February 1962, p. 200.

    Google Scholar 

  53. A. Howkins and J. Lowerson, Trends in Leisure 1919–1939 (Sports Council and Social Sciences Research Council, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  54. M. Hall, ‘The consumer sector 1950–60’, in G. Worswick and P. Ady, The British Economy in the 1950s (London: Oxford University Press, 1962).

    Google Scholar 

  55. M. Young and P. Willmott, The Symmetrical Family (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973) p. 23.

    Google Scholar 

  56. F. Zweig, The Worker in an Affluent Society (London: Heinemann, 1961).

    Google Scholar 

  57. A. Marwick, British Society since 1945 (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1982) p. 121.

    Google Scholar 

  58. B. Wood, ‘Urbanisation and local government’, in Halsey (ed.), Trends in British Society, p. 280.

    Google Scholar 

  59. The expansion of television in this period is discussed in Chapter 6.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Hall, ‘The supply of demand’, p. 79.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 1986 Stuart Laing

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Laing, S. (1986). This New England. In: Representations of Working-Class Life 1957–1964. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18459-0_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics