Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Influence of Various Neurological Defects on the Release of Renin in Normal Man

  • Chapter
Captopril and Hypertension

Part of the book series: Topics in Cardiovascular Disease ((TCAD))

Abstract

The factors that have been implicated in renin release are shown in Table 1; they may be divided into acute and chronic factors as illustrated by the difference between the rise of plasma renin activity on standing compared with the slower increase under the influence of sodium deprivation. In examining the situation in normal man, it is important to try to incorporate the findings from various other types of experimental studies, ranging from the isolated perfused kidney to the kidney perfused in situ with and without an intact tubular system. Much more is known about the acute situation in man and animals and, while this is sometimes difficult to interpret, the chronic situation with some exceptions is not very well understood. Again, in trying to understand the normal situation in man, it is necessary to draw on pathological changes and to see how they may reveal some of the important mechanisms in the normal physiological state.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tobian L: Interrelationship of electrolytes, juxtaglomerular cells and hypertension. Physiol Rev 40:280–312, 1960.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Thurau K, Schnermann J: Die Natriumkonzentration an den Macula densa-Zellen als regulierender Faktor för das Glomerulumfiltrat. Klin Wochenschr 43:410–413, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Thurau K, Dahlheim H, Gröner A, Mason J, Granger P: Activation of renin in the single juxtaglomerular apparatus by sodium chloride in the tubular fluid at the macula densa. Circ Res 30–31 (Suppl.II): 182–186, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Schnermann J: Regulation of filtrate formation by feedback, in Giovanetti S, Bonomini V, D’Amico G (eds): Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Nephrology. Basel, Karger, 1976, pp 230–234.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Davis JO: The regulation of renin release, in Onesti G, Kim KE, Moyer JH (eds): Hypertension: Mechanisms and Management. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1973, pp 617–629.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Davis JO: The control of renin release. Am J Med 55:333–350, 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Horton R: Stimulation and suppression of aldosterone in plasma of normal man and in primary aldosteronism. J Clin Invest 48:1230–1236, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Katz FH, Romfh P, Smith JA: Episodic secretion of aldosterone in supine man: Relationship to Cortisol. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 35:178–181, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Vetter H, Berger M, Armbruster H, Siegenthaler W, Werning C, Vetter W: Episodic secretion of aldosterone in primary aldosteronism: Relationship to Cortisol. Clin Endocrinol 3:41–48, 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Katz FH, Romfh P, Smith JA: Diurnal variation of plasma aldosterone, Cortisol and renin activity in supine man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 40:125–134, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Weinberger MH, Kem DC, Gomez-Sanchez C, Kramer NJ, Martin BT, Nugent CA: The effect of dexamethasone on the control of plasma aldosterone concentration in normal recumbent man. J Lab Clin Med 85:957–967, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Armbruster H, Vetter W, Beckerhoff R, Nussberger J, Vetter H, Siegenthaler W: Dirunal variations of plasma aldosterone in supine man: Relationship to plasma renin activity and plasma Cortisol. Acta Endocrinol (Kbh) 80:95–103, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. James VHT, Tunbridge RDG, Wilson GA: Studies on the control of aldosterone secretion in man. J Steroid Biochem 7:941–948, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Gordon RD, Köchel O, Liddle GW, Island DP: Role of the sympathetic nervous system in regulating renin and aldosterone production in man. J Clin Invest 46:599–605, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Michelakis AM, McAllister RG: The effect of chronic adrenergic receptor blockage on plasma renin activity in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 34:386–394, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Vander AJ: Effect of catecholamines and the renal nerves on renin secretion in anesthetized dogs. Am J Physiol 209:659–661, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ganong WF: Sympathetic effects on renin secretion. Mechanism and physiological role, in Assaykeen TA (ed): Control of Renin Secretion. New York, Plenum Press, 1972, pp 17–32.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Johns EJ, Singer B: Specificity of blockage of renal renin release by propranolol in the cat. Clin Sci Mol Med 47:331–343, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Taher MS, McLain LG, McDonald KM, Schrier RW: Effect of beta adrenergic blockage on renin response to renal nerve stimulation. J Clin Invest 57:459–465, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Guttmann L, Munro AF, Robinson R, Walsh JJ: Effect of tilting on the cardiovascular responses and plasma catecholamine levels in spinal man. Paraplegia 1:4–18, 1963.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Corbett JL, Frankel HL, Harris PJ: Cardiovascular responses to tilting in tetraplegic man. J Physiol (Lond) 215:411–431, 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Debarge O, Christensen NJ, Corbett JL, Eidelman BH, Frankel HL, Mathias CJ: Plasma catecholamines in tetraplegics. Paraplegia 12:44–49, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Corbett, JL, Frankel HL, Harris PJ: Cardiovascular changes associated with skeletal muscle spasm in tetraplegic man. J Physiol (Lond) 215:381–393, 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Corbett JL, Frankel HL, Harris PJ: Cardiovascular reflex responses to cutaneous and visceral stimuli in spinal man. J Physiol (Lond) 215:395–409, 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Corbett JL, Debarge O, Frankel HL, Mathias CJ: Cardiovascular responses in tetraplegic man to muscle spasm, bladder percussion and head-up tilt. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol suppl 2:189–193, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Guttmann, L Whitteridge D: Effects of bladder distension on autonomic mechanism after spinal cord injuries. Brain 70:361–404, 1947.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Mathias CJ, Christensen NJ, Corbett JL, Frankel HL, Spalding JMK: Plasma catecholamines during aproxysmal neurogenic hypertension in quadriplegic man. Circ Res 39:204–208, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mathias CJ, Christensen NJ, Corbett JL, Frankel HL, Goodwin TJ, Peart WS: Plasma catecholamines, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone in tetraplegic man, horizontal and tilted. Clin Sci Mol Med 49:291–299, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Johnson RH, Park D, Frankel HL: Orthostatic hypotension and the renin-angiotensin system in paraplegia. Paraplegia 9:146–152, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Mendelsohn FA, Johnston CI: Renin release in chronic paraplegia. Aust NZ J Med 4:393–397, 1971.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Balikian HM, Brodie AH, Dale SL, Melby JC, Tait JF: Effect of posture on the metabolic clearance rate, plasma concentration and blood production rate of aldosterone in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 28:1630–1640, 1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Shy GM, Drager GA: A neurological syndrome associated with orthostatic hypotension. Arch Neurol 2:511–527, 1960.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Johnson RH, Lee G de J, Oppenheimer DR, Spalding JMK: Autonomic failure with orthostatic hypotension due to intermediolateral column degeneration. Q J Med 35:276–292, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Bannister R, Oppenheimer DR: Degenerative diseases of the nervous system associated with autonomic failure. Brain 95:457–474, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Bannister R, Ardill L, Fentem P: Defective autonomic control of blood vessels in idiopathic orthostatic hypotension. Brain 90:725–746, 1967

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Bannister R: Degeneration of the autonomic nervous system. Lancet 2:175–179, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Bannister R, Sever PS, Gross M: Cardiovascular reflexes and biochemical responses in progressive autonomic failure. Brain 100:327–344, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Assaykeen TA, Clayton PL, Goldfien A, Ganong WF: Effect of alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking agents on the renin response to hypoglycaemia and epinephrine in dogs. Endocrinology 87:1318–1322, 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Ueda H, Yasuda H, Takabatake Y, Iizuka M, Iizuka T, Ihori M, Sakamoto Y: Observations on the mechanism of renin release by catecholamines. Circ Res 26 & 27(suppl II): 195–200, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Vandongen R, Peart WS, Boyd GW: Adrenergic stimulation of renin secretion in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Circ Res 32:290–296, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Vandongen R, Peart WS: The inhibition of renin secretion by alpha-adrenergic stimulation of the isolated rat kidney. Clni Sci Mol Med 47:471–479, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Eide I, L∅yning E, Kiil F: Evidence for hemodynamic autoregulation of renin release. Circ Res 32:237–245, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Brown JJ, Davies DL, Lever AF, Robertson JIS: Influence of sodium loading and sodium depletion on plasma-renin in man. Lancet 2:278–279, 1963.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Boyd GW, Adamson AR, Arnold M, James VHT, Peart WS: The role of angiotensin II in the control of aldosterone in man. Clin Sci 42:91–104, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Ledingham JM, Cohen RD: Changes in extracellular fluid volumes and cardiac output during the development of experimental renal hypertension. Can Med Assoc J 90:292–294, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Bianchi G, Tilde-Tenconi L, Lucca R: Effect in the conscious dog of constriction of the renal artery to a sole remaining kidney on haemodynamics, sodium balance, body fluid volumes, plasma renin concentration and pressor response to angiotensin. Clin Sci 38:741–766, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Liard J-F, Peters G: Role of the retention of water and sodium in two types of experimental renovascular hypertension in the rat. Pflügers Arch 344:93–108, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Liard J-F, Cowley AW Jr, McCaa RE, McCaa CS, Guyton AC: Renin, aldosterone, body fluid volumes, and the baroreceptor reflex in the development and reversal of Gold-blatt hypertention in conscious dogs. Circ Res 34:549–560, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Vaughan ED Jr, Laragh JH, Gavras I, Bühler FR, Gavras H, Brunner HR, Baer, L: Volume factor in low and normal renin essential hypertension. Treatment with either spironolactone or chlorthalidone. Am J Cardiol 32:523–532, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Tarazi RC: Diuretic drugs: Mechanisms of antihypertensive action, in Onesti G, Kim KE, Moyer JH (eds): Hypertension: Mechanisms and Management. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1973, pp 251–260.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Bravo EL, Tarazi RC, Duston HP: β-adrenergic blockade in diuretic-treated patients with essential hypertension. N EnglJ Med 292:66–70, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lancaster R, Goodwin TJ, Peart WS: The effect of pindolol on plasma renin activity and blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 3:453–460, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Conn JW: An overall view of primary aldosteronism, Onesti G, Kim KE, Moyer JH (eds): Hypertension: Mechanisms and Management. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1973, pp 471–480.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Brown JJ, Davies DL, Lever AF, Peart WS, Robertson JIS: Plasma concentration of renin in a patient with Conn’s syndrome with fibrinoid lesions of the renal arterioles: The effect of treatment with Spironolactone. J Endocrinol 33:279–293, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Brown JJ, Davies DL, Lever AF, Robertson JIS, Verniory A: The effect of acute haemorrhage in the dog and man on plasma-renin concentration. J Physiol (Lond) 182:649–663, 1966.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Vander AJ, Geelhoed GW: Inhibition of renin secretion by angiotensin II. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 120:399–403, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Bunag RD, Page IH, McCubbin JW: Inhibition of renin release by vasopressin and angiotensin. Cardiovasc Res 1:67–73, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Vandongen R, Peart WS, Boyd GW: Effect of angiotensin II and its nonpressor derivatives on renin secretion. Am J Physiol 226:277–282, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Freeman RH, Davis JO, Vitale SJ, Johnson JA: Intrarenal role of angiotensin II. Homeostatic regulation of renal blood flow in the dog. Circ Res 32:692–698, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Vandongen R, Peart WS: Calcium dependence of the inhibitory effect of angiotensin on renin secretion in the isolated perfused kidney of the rat. Br J Pharmacol 50:125–129, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Peart WS, Quesada T, Tenyi I: The effects of EDTA and EGTA on renin secretion. Br J Pharmacol 59:247–252, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Fynn M, Onomakpome N, Peart WS: The effects of ionophores (A23187 and R02–2985) on renin secretion and renal vasoconstriction. Proc R Soc Lond B 199:199–212 (1977).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Unit, St. Mary’s Hospital, London, W2 1NY, England

    W. S. Peart M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.S.

Authors
  1. W. S. Peart M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.S.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. New York Hospital/Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA

    David B. Case  & John H. Laragh  & 

  2. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, USA

    Edmund H. Sonnenblick

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Plenum Publishing Corporation

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Peart, W.S. (1980). The Influence of Various Neurological Defects on the Release of Renin in Normal Man. In: Case, D.B., Sonnenblick, E.H., Laragh, J.H. (eds) Captopril and Hypertension. Topics in Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9179-5_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9179-5_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-9181-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-9179-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation