Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Der Gaslaser

  • Chapter
Laser

  • 97 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Der Gedanke, elektromagnetische Wellen in einer Gasentladung mit negativem Absorptionskoeffizienten zu verstärken, wurde erstmals im Jahre 1939 von V. A. Fabrikant geäußert [1]. In einer Patentschrift desselben Autors aus dem Jahre 1951 wurden die Grenzen des dafür geeigneten Spektralbereichs, Radiofrequenzen im Langwelligen und Ultraviolett im Kurzwelligen, näher umrissen [2]. Obwohl der Vorschlag dabei gleichzeitig auf beliebige invertierte Medien ausgedehnt wurde, richteten Fabrikant und verschiedene Arbeitsgruppen am Lebedev-Institut ihr Hauptaugenmerk weiterhin auf die Verstärkung von Lichtfrequenzen in Gasen und metallischen Dämpfen. Es gelang ihnen, in verschiedenen Metalldampfgemischen (Cs—He, Hg—Zn) eindeutig Verstärkung für optische Frequenzen nachzuweisen [3, 4]. Erstaunlicherweise wurde jedoch kein Versuch unternommen, mit diesen invertierbaren Medien zu Laseroszillation zu gelangen. Unabhängig davon untersuchten Schawlow und Townes 1958 in einer theoretischen Arbeit die Anschwingbedingungen eines analog zum Maseroszillator arbeitenden Lichtoszillators [5], der aus einem Fabry-Perot-Resonator mit optisch gepumpten Kaliumdampf als verstärkendem Medium gebildet sein sollte. In einer Reihe von theoretischen Arbeiten wurden auch die Möglichkeiten studiert, durch elektrische Entladungen in reinen Gasen und Gasgemischen Besetzungsumkehr zu erhalten [6–13]. Neben der Inversion durch Elektronenstoß wurde von Javan [7, 8] dabei auch die selektive Besetzung durch Stöße zweiter Art in Zweikomponentengemischen in Betracht gezogen, die besonders im Helium-Neon-Gemisch erfolgversprechend erschien und auch wenig später den Betrieb des ersten kontinuierlich arbeitenden Gaslasers ermöglichte [14].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur zu Kapitel 6

  1. Fabrikant, V. A.: Dissertation, Lebedev Institut, Akademie der Wissenschaften UdSSR (1939).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fabrikant, V. A.: Patent Nr. 123209 v. 18. 6. 1951; veröff.: Byulleten Izobretenig 1959, S. 29 [genaues Zitat des Patentanspruchs bei S. KASSEL: Soviet laser research, Proc. IEEE 51 (1963) 216–218].

    Google Scholar 

  3. Btjtayeva, F. A., U. V. A. Fabrikant • Sammlung verschiedener Artikel in: Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Fiz. Inst. imeni P. N. Lebedeva Issledovaniya po eksp. i teoret. fiz. Sbornik (1959) 62–70.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ablekov, V. K., M. S. Pesin U. I. L. Fabelinskii: The realization of a medium with negative absorption coefficient. Sov. Phys. JETP 12 (1961) 618–619; Russ. 39 (1960) 892–893.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Schawlow, A. L., u. C. H. TowNEs: Infrared and optical masers. Phys. Rev. 112 (1958) 1940–1949.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sanders, S. H.: Optical maser design. Phys. Rev. Letters 3 (1959) 86–87.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Javan, A.: Possibility of production of negative temperature in gas discharges. Phys. Rev. Letters 3 (1963) 87–89.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. Javan, A., Possibility of obtaining negative temperature in atoms by electron impact. Quantum Electronics, ed. by C. H. Townes, New York: Columbia University Press 1960, 564–572.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Basov, N. G., u. O. N. Krokhin • Production of negative-temperature states by electron excitation in a gas mixture. Sov. Phys. JETP 12 (1961) 1240–1242, Russ. 39 (1960) 1777–1780.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Basov, N. G., u. O. N. Krohkin • Population inversion in a discharge in a mixture of two gases. Appl. Opt. 1 (1962) 213–216.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fabrikant, V. A.: Negative absorption coefficient produced by discharges in a gas mixture. Soy. Phys. JETP 14, 2 (1961) 375–377; Russ. 41, 2 (1961) 524–527.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fabrikant, V. A.: Acad. Nauk. USSR 26 (1962) 61.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Rautian, S. G., u. I. I. Sobelmai• Negative absorption in metal vapors. Soy. Phys. JETP 12 (1961) 156–158; Russ. 39 (1960) 217–219.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Javan, A., W. R. Bennett, JR., u. D. R. Herriott: Population inversion and continuous optical maser oscillation in a gas discharge containing a He–Ne mixture. Phys. Rev. Letters 6 (1961) 106–110.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Massey, H. S. W., u. E. H. S. Burhop: Electronic and ionic impact phenomena. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bennet, JR., W. R.: Inversion mechanism in gas lasers. Appl. Opt., Supplement on Chemical lasers (1965) 14–20.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bennett, JR., W. R., u. G. N. Mercer: Super-radiance, excitation mechanism, and quasi cw-oszillation in the visible Ar+ laser, Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 180–182.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bates, D. R., u. B. L. Moiaetwitsch: Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) A 67 (1954) 805; Bates, D. R., J. T. Lewis: Proc. Phys. Soc. A 68 (1955) 173; Bates, D. R.: Proc. Royal Soc. A 240 (1957), 437; A 243 (1957) 15; A 245 (1958) 299; Proc. Phys. Soc. A 68 (1959) 227.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Wada, J. Y., u. H. Heil: Electron energy spectra in neon, xenon and helium–neon laser discharges. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1 (1965) 327–335.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Francis, G.: The glow discharge at low pressure, Handbuch der Physik, Band XXII, Berlin/Göttingen/Heidelberg: Springer 1956, S. 53–208.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Loeb, L. B.: Basic processes of gaseous electronics, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press 1955.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Aisenberg, S.: Multiple probe measurements in high frequency plasmas lasers. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 130–134.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Verweij, W.: Probe measurements and determination of electron mobility in the positive column of low-pressure mercury-argon discharges. Thesis, Universität Utrecht 1960; veröff.: Philips Res. Report Suppl. 1–4.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Labuda, E. F., u. E. I. Gordon: Microwave determination of average electron energy and density in He–Ne discharges. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 1647–1648.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Bekefi, G., J. L. Hirshfield u S C Brown: Kirchhoff’s radiation law for plasmas with non-Maxwellian distributions. Phys. Fluids 4 (1961) 173–176.

    MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. Dattner, A.: The plasma resonator. Ericson Technics 2 (1957), 309–350.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Young, R. T.: Calculation of average electron energies in He–Ne discharges. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1965) 2324–2325.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. Aisenberg, S.: The effect of helium on electron temperature and electron density in rare gas lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 2 (1963) 187–189.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Massey, J. T., A. G. Schulz, S. M. Cannon U. B. F. Hochheimer: Relationship of electron parameters to external electric parameters in a radio-frequency excited helium–neon discharge. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1965) 1790–1791.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. Mielenz, K. D., u. K. F. Nefflen: Gas mixtures and pressures for optimum output power of rf-excitet helium–neon gas lasers at 632,8 gm. Appl. Optics 4 (1965) 565–567.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. George, N.: Improved population inversion in gaseous lasers. Proc. IEEE 51 (1963) 1152 —1153.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Rosenberger, D.: Der Gaslaser. Z. angew. Phys. 17 (1964) 7–10.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ahmed, S. A., u. R. Kocher: Microwave electron resonance pumping of a gaslaser. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 1737.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Tien, P. K., D. Macnair u. H. C. Hodges: Electron beam excitation of gas laser transitions and measurements of cross sections of excitation. Phys. Rev. Letters 12 (1964) 30–33.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Holstein, T.: Phys. Rev. 72 (1947) 1212; 83 (1951) 1159.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Bates, D. R., u. A. Damgaard: Phil. Trans. A 242 (1950) 101.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. Bennett, JR., W. R., P. J. Kindlmann U. G. N. Mercer: Measurement of excited state relaxation rates. Appl. Opt. Supplement on Chemical Lasers (1965) 34–57.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Hänsch, T., u. P. Toschek: Measurement of neon atomic level parameters by laser differential spectrometrie. Phys. Letters 20 (1966) 273–275.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. Benton, E. E., E. E. Ferguson, F. A. Marsen U. W. W. Robertson: Cross sections for the-excitation of helium metastable atoms by collisions with atoms. Phys. Rev. 128 (1962) 206–209.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. Massey, J. T., A. G. Schulz, B. F. Hochheimer u S. M. Cannon: Resonanz energy transfer studies in a helium–neon gas discharge. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1965) 658–659.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. Bennett, W. R., JR., u. P. J. Kindlmann: Radiative and collision-induced relaxation of atomic states in the 2p5 3p configuration of neon. Phys. Rev. 149 (1966) 38–51.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Biondi, M. A.: Phys. Rev. 88 (1952) 660.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. White, A. D., u. E. I. Gordon: Excitation mechanism and current dependence of population inversion in He–Ne lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 3 (1963) 197–199.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. Parks, J. H., A. Szöke u. A. Javan: Study of collision-excitation transfer in neon, using He–Ne maser. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. II, 9 (1964) 490.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Fork, R. L., L. E. Hargrove U. M. A. Pollack: Population pulsation and lifetimes in He–Ne lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 5 (1964) 5.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. White, A. D.: Anomalous behaviour of the 6402,84 A gas laser. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 721.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Bennett, JR., W. R., P. J. Kindlmann u. G. N. Mercer: Measurement Of excited state relaxation rates. Appl. Opt. Suppl. on Chemical Lasers (1965) 34–57.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Klose, J. Z.: Atomic lifetimes in neon I. Phys. Rev. 141 (1966) 181–186.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. Koster, G. F., u. H. Statz: Probabilities for the neon laser transitions. J. Appl. Phys. 32 (1961) 2054.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Cordover, R. H., A. Szöke u. A. Javan: Resonance experiments on the excited states of neon. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. II, 9 (1964) 490.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Mcfarlane, R. A., C. K. Patel U. W. R. Bennett, JR.: New He–Ne optical maser transitions. Proc. IEEE 50 (1962) 2111–2112.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Rigden, J. D., u. A. D. White: The interaction of visible and infrared maser transitions in the helium–neon system. Quantum Electronics I, ed. by P. Grivet, N. Bloembergen, New York: Columbia University Press 1964, S. 499–505; Proc. IEEE 51 (1963) 943–945.

    Google Scholar 

  53. White, A. D., u. J. D. Ridgen: Continuous gas maser operation in the visible. Proc. IRE 50 (1962) 1697.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Der Agobian, R., J.-L. Otto, R. Echard u. R. Cagnard: Emission stimulée de nouvelles transitions infrarouges du néon. Compt. Rend. 257 (1963) 3844–3847.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Zitter, R. N.: 2s-2p and 3p-2s transitions of neon in a laser ten meters long. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 3070–3071.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. Bennett, JR., W. R., u. J. W. Knutson, JR.: Simultaneous laser oscillation on the neon doublet at 1,1523 microns. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 861.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Severin, P. J.: The quenching of light by microwave incident on a negative glow plasma in a cold cathode glow discharge in a helium–neon mixture. Phys. Letters 9 (1964) 129.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. Bloom, A. L., u. R. C. Rempel: Laser operation at 3,39 µm in a helium–neon mixture. Appl. Opt. 2 (1963) 317–318.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. Bloom, A. L.: Observation of new visible gas laser transitions by removal of dominance. Appl. Phys. Letters 2 (1963) 101–102.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  60. White, A. D., u. J. D. Ridden: The effect of super-radiance at 3,39 µm on the visible transitions in the He—Ne maser. Appl. Phys. Letters 2 (1963) 211–212.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. Moore, C. B.: Gas-laser frequency selection by molecular absorption. Appl. Opt. 4 (1965) 252–253.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Bloom, A. L., u. D. L. Hardwick: Operation of He—Ne Laser in the fordbidden resonator region. Phys. Letters 20 (1966) 373–374.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. BtrlamacciI, P., u. G. Toraldo DI Francia: Selection of the 6401 A line in a He—Ne laser with hemispherical geometrie. Il Nuovo Cimento 42B (1) (1966) 186–188.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Rosenberger, D.: Schwingverhalten und Wechselwirkung der 0,63 p.m und 3,39 µnì Oszillationen bei einem He—Ne-Laser mit kleinem Spiegelabstand. Phys. Letters 8 (1964) 187–189.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. Cagnard, R., R. Der Agobian, R. Echard U. J.-L. Otto: L’emission stimulée de quelques transitions infrarouges de l’hélium et du néon. Compt. Rend. 257 (1963) 1044 bis 1047.

    Google Scholar 

  66. cascade laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 20.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Rosenberger, D.: Oscillation of three 3p-2s transistions in a He—Ne laser. Phys. Letters 9 (1964) 29–31.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. Grudzinsky, R., M. Paillette u. J. Becrelle: Étude de transitions laser couplées dans mélange hélium—néon. Compt. Rend. 258 (1964) 1452–1454.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Der Agobian, R., J. L. Otto, R. Cagnard u. R. Echard: New Ne laser transitions in the near infrared. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 2787.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Rigden, J. D., u. A. D. White: Simultaneous gas maser action in the visible and infrared. Proc. IRE 50 (1962) 2366–2367.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Grudzinski, R., u. J. Spalter: Utilisation d’un laser à gaz pour l’étude de l’amplification d’un melange gazeux. Quantum Electronics I, ed. by P. Grivet, N. Bloembergen, New York: Columbia University Press 1964, 515–521.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Bennett, JR., W. R.: Gaseous optical masers. Appl. Opt. Suppl. on Optical Masers 1 (1962) 24–61.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Herziger, G., W. Holzapfel U. W. Seelig: Verstärkung einer He-Ne-Gasentladung für die Laserwellenlänge d = 6328 AE. Z. Phys. 189 (1966) 385–400.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  74. Spiller, E.: Experimental investigations on gain and maximum output of the He—Ne laser. Z. Phys. 182 (1965) 487–498.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. Gordon, E. I., u. A. D. White: Similarity laws for the effects of pressure and discharge diameter on gain of He—Ne lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 3 (1963) 199–201.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. White, A. D.: Increased power output of the 6328 A gas maser. Proc. IEEE 51 (1963) 1669.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Moeller, G. K., u. T. K. Mccubbin, JR.: Study of helium—neon laser amplification at 3,39 µm. Appl. Opt. 4 (1965) 1412–1415.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  78. Szöke, A. u. A. Javan: Isotope shift and saturation behaviour of the 1,15 µ transition of Ne. Phys. Rev. Letters 10 (1963) 521–524.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. Cordover, R. H., T. S. Jaseja u. A. Javan: Isotope shift measurement for 6328 A He—Ne laser transition. Appl. Phys. Letters 7 (1965) 322–324.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. Petrash, G. G., u. I. N. Knyazev: Study of pulsed laser generation in neon and in mixtures of neon and helium. Soy. Phys. JETP 18 (1964) 571, in Russ. 45 (1963) 833.

    Google Scholar 

  81. CLUNIE, D. M., u. N. H. ROCK: Optical gain in neon and helium/neon pulsed discharges. Phys. Letters 13 (1964) 213–214.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  82. Koboyashi, S., H. Okamoto u. M. Kan1iyama: Characteristics of a pulsed high-pressure He—Ne laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1 (1965) 222–223.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Toyoda, K. u. C. Yamanaka: Enhanced lasing of the high pressure He—Ne laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1 (1965) 281–283.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Smith, P. W.: Linewidth and saturation parameters for the 6328 A transition in a He—Ne laser. J. Appl. Phys. 37 (1966) 2089–2093.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  85. Smith, P. W.: The output power of a 6328 A He—Ne gaslaser. IEEE J Q. E. QE-2 (1966) 62–68.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Handbookof Mathematical Functions: M. ABRAMOWITZ and I. A. STEGUN, Eds., Washington/D. C.: National Bureau of Standards (1964) 297–330.

    Google Scholar 

  87. SMITH, P. W.: On the optimum geometric of a 6328 A laser oscillator. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2 (1966) 77–79.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Fork, R. L., u. M. A. Pollack: Mode competition and collision effects in gaseous optical masers. Phys. Rev. 139 (1965) A 1408–1414.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Fork, R. L., D. R. Herriott U. H. Kogelnik: A scanning spherical mirror interferometer for spectral analysis of laser radiation. Appl. Opt. 3 (1964) 1471–1484.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  90. Golsborough, J. P.: Beat frequencies between modes of a concave-mirror optical resonator. Appl. Opt. 3 (1964) 267–275.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  91. Faust, W. L., u. R. A. MCFARLANE: Line strengths for noble-gas maser transitions; calculations of gain/inversion at various wavelenghhs. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 2010 bis 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Mcclure, R. E.: Mode locking behavior of gas lasers in long cavities. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 6 (1965) 148–150.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  93. Delang, H., G. Bouwnuis u. E.T. FERGUSON: Saturation-induced anisotropy in a gaseous medium in zero magnetic field. Phys. Letters 19, 6 (1965) 482–484.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  94. Polder, D., u. W. van Haeringen: The effect of saturation on the ellipticity of modes in gas lasers. Phys. Letters 19, 5 (1965) 380–381.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  95. Culshaw, W., u. J. Kannelaud: Coherence effects in gaseous lasers with axial magnetic fields. I. Theoretical. Phys. Rev. 141, 1 (1966) 228–236.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Kannelaud, J., u. W. Culshaw: Coherence effects in gaseous lasers with axial magnetic fields. II. Experimental. Phys. Rev. 141, 1 (1966) 237–245.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Doyle, M., u. M. B. White: Frequency splitting and mode competition in a dual-polarization He—Ne gas laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 5, 10 (1964) 193–195.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  98. Ahmed, S. A., R. C. Kocher u. H. J. Gerritsen: Gas lasers in magnetic fields. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 1356–1357.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Skolnick, M. L., T. G. Polanyi u. 1. Tobias: The measurement of magnetically induced mode splitting in lasers. Phys. Letters 19, 5 (1965) 386–387.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  100. Heer, C. V., u. R. D. Graft: Theory of magnetic effects in optical maser amplifiers and oscillators. Phys. Rev. 140 (1965) A 1088—A 1104.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Fork, R. L., u. M. Sargent, III: Mode competition and frequency splitting in magneticfield-tuned optical masers. Phys. Rev. 139 (1965) A 617—A 618.

    Google Scholar 

  102. D’yakonov, M. I.: On the theory of the gas laser in a weak longitudinal magnetic field. Soy. Phys. JETP 22, 4 (1966) 812–819.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  103. Culshaw, W., u. J. Kannelaud: Effects of transverse and axial magnetic fields on gaseous lasers. Phys. Rev. 145, 1 (1966) 257–267.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  104. Pelikan, H.: Frequency and polarization locking phenomena in a laser with axial magnetic field. Phys. Letters 21, 6 (1966) 652–653.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  105. Kannelaud, J., u. W. Culshaw: Interaction between the axial modes of a Zeeman laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 9, 3 (1966) 120–123.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  106. Bochasten, K., T. Lundholm u. O. Andrade: Laser lines in atomic and molecular hydrogen. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 9 (1966) 1260–1261.

    Google Scholar 

  107. MARSHALL, T. C.: De-activation of neon metastables by 112, Plasma Laboratory, Report No. 8, Columbia University, New York 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Faust, W. L., R. A. Mcfarlane, C. K. N. Patel u. C. G. D. Garrett: Gas maser spectroscopy in the infrared. Appl. Phys. Letters 1 (1962) 85–88.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  109. Patel, C. K. N., W. R. Bennett, JR., W. L. Faust u. R. A. Mcfarlane: Infrared spectroscopy using stimulated emission techniques. Phys. Rev. Letters 9 (1962) 102 bis 104.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Faust, W. L., R. A. Mcfarlane, C. K. N. Patel u. C. G. B. Garrett: Noble gas optical maser lines at wavelengths between 2 and 35 microns. Phys. Rev. 133 (1964) A 1476 —1486.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Patel, C. K. N., W. L. Faust, R. A. Mcfarlane u. C. G. B. Garrett: Laser action up to 57,355 microns in gaseous discharges (Ne, He-He). Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 18–19.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Mcfarlane, R. A., W. L. Faust, C. K. N. Patel u. C. G. B. Garrett: Neon gas maser lines at 68,329 microns and 85,047 microns. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 318.

    Google Scholar 

  113. Patel, C. K. N., W. L. Faust, R. A. Mcfarlane u. C. G. B. Garrett: Ceti optical maser action up to 133 microns (0,133 mm) in neon discharges. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 713.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Brochard, J., u. S. Liberman: Emission stimule de nouvelles transitions infrarouges lhélium et du néon. Compt. Rend. 260 (1965) 6827–6829.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Patel, C. K. N., Faust, W. L., u. R. A. Mcfarlane: High gain gaseous (Xe—He) optical masers. Appl. Phys. Letters 1 (1962) 84–85.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Paananen, R. A., u. D. L. Bobroff: Very high gain gaseous (Xe-He) optical maser optical maser at 3,5 p. Appl. Phys. Letters 2 (1963) 99–100.

    Google Scholar 

  117. Bridges, W. B.: High optical gain at 3,5 II in pure xenon. Appl. Phys. Letters 3 (1965) 45–47.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  118. Liberman, S.: Emission stimulée de nouvelles transitions infrarouges de l’argon, du krypton et du xenon. Compt. Rend. 261 (1965) 2601–2604.

    Google Scholar 

  119. Walter, W. T., u. S. M. Jarrett: Strong 3,27 micron laser oscillation in xenon. Appl. Opt. 3 (1964) 789.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Grosof, G., u. R. Targ: Enhancement in mercury-krypton and xenon-krypton gaseous discharges. Appl. Opt. 2 (1963) 299–302.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  121. BRUNETT, H.: Laser gain measurements in a xenon—krypton discharge. Appl. Opt. 4 (1965) 1354.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Clark, PO: Investigation of the operating eharacterictics of a 3,5 tot xenon laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1 (1965) 109–113.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Klüver, J. W.: Laser amplifier noise at 3,5 microns in helium-xenon. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 8 (1966) 2987–2999.

    Google Scholar 

  124. Paananen, R. A., C. L. Tang u. F. A. Horrigan: Laser action in Cl2 and HeC12. Appl. Phys. Letters 3, 9 (1963) 154.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  125. Paananen, R. A., u. F. A. Horrigan: Near infrared lasering in NeC12 and HeC12. Proc. IEEE 52, 10 (1964) 1261.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Bookasten, K.: On the classification of laser lines in chlorine and iodine. Appl. Phys. Letters 4, 7 (1964) 118.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  127. Jarrett, S. M., J. Nunez u. G. Gould: Infrared laser oscillation in HBr and H[gas discharges. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 11 (1965) 294–296.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  128. Jarrett, S. M., J. Nunez u. G. Gould: Laser oscillation in atomic Cl and I in the HCl and HI gas discharges. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 6 (1966) 150–151.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  129. Patel, C. K. N., R. A. Mcfarlane u. W. L. Faust: Optical maser action in C, N, 0, S and Br on dissociation of diatomic or polyatomic molecules. Phys. Rev. 133 (1964) A 1244.

    Google Scholar 

  130. Tunitsky, L. N., u. E. M. Cherkasov: Interpretation of oscillation lines in Ar—Br2 laser. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 12 (1966) 1783–1784.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Bennett, JR., W. R., W. L. FAUST, R. A. MCFARLANE U. C. K. N. PATEL: Dissociative excitation transfer and optical maser oscillation in Ne-02 and Ar-02 discharges. Phys. Rev. Letters 8 (1963) 470–474.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  132. Jacobs, G. B.: Oxygen laser aging characteristics. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 1259.

    Google Scholar 

  133. Shimazu, M., u. Y. Suzaki: On the new laser oscillations in He—N2, Ne—N2, He-air, Ne-air, He—0O2 and Ne—0O2 discharges. Japan J. Appl. Phys. 3 (1964) 561.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Saimazu, M., u. Y. Suzaki: Laser oscillations in silicon tetrachloride vapor. Japan J. Appl. Phys. 4, 10 (1965) 819.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Doyle, W. M.: Use of time resolution in identifying laser transitions in a mercury-rare gas discharge. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 1348–1349.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  136. Rigden, J. D., u. A. D. White: Optical maser action in iodine and mercury discharges. Nature 198 (1963) 774.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Paananen, R. A., C. C. Tang, F. A. Horrigan U. H. Statz: Optical maser action in He—Hg RF discharges. J. Appl. Phys. 34 (1963) 3148.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  138. Fowles, G. R., u. W. T. Silfvast: High-gain laser transition in lead vapor. Appl. Phys. Letters 6 (1965) 236–237.

    Google Scholar 

  139. Piltch, M., W. T. Walter, N. Solimene, G. GOULD U. W. R. BENNETT, JR.: Pulsed laser transitions in manganese vapor. Appl. Phys. Letters 7 (1965) 309–310.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  140. WALTER, W. T., M. PILTCH, N. SOLIMENE u. G. GOULD: Pulsed laser action in atomic copper vapor. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 11 (1966) 113.

    Google Scholar 

  141. Walter, W. T., N. Solrmene, M. Piltch u. G. Gould: Efficient pulsed gas discharge lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 9 (1966) 474–479.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  142. Heard, H. G., u. J. Petersen: Super-radiant yellow and organge laser transitions in pure neon. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 1258.

    Google Scholar 

  143. Rosenberger, D.: Laserübergänge und Superstrahlung bei 6143 A und 5944 A in einer gepulsten Neon-Entladung. Phys. Letters 13 (1964) 228–229.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  144. Clunie, D. M., R. S. A. Thorn u. K. E. Trezise: Asymetric visible super-radiant emission from a pulsed neon discharge. Phys. Letters 14 (1965) 28–29.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  145. Rosenberger, D.: Superstrahlung in gepulsten Argon-, Krypton-und Xenon-Entladungen. Phys. Letters 14 (1965) 32.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  146. Leonard, D. A., R. A. Neal u. E. T. Gerry: Oberservation of a super-radiant self-terminating green laser transition in neon. Appl. Phys. Letters 7 (1965) 175.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  147. Mcfarlane, R. A., W. L. Faust U. C. K. N. Patel: Oscillations on f–d transitions in neon in a gas optical maser. Proc. IEEE 51, 3 (1963) 468.

    Google Scholar 

  148. Goldsborough, J. P., E. B. Hodges U. W. E. Bell: RF Induction excitation of cw visible laser transitions in ionized gases. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 6 (1966) 137–139.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  149. Bell, W. E.: Ring discharge excitation of gas ion lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 7 (1965) 190–191.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  150. Bridges, W. B., u. A. N. Chester: Spectroscopy of ion lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1,1965) 66–84.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Bell, W. E.: Visible laser transitions in Hgl-. Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 34–35.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  152. Bridges, W. B.: Laser oscillation in singly ionized argon in the visible spectrum. Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 128–130.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  153. Convert, G., M. Armand u. P. Martinot-Lagarde: Effet laser dans des mélanges mercure-gaz rares. Compt. Rend. 258 (1964) 3259–3260.

    Google Scholar 

  154. Convert, G., M. Armand u P Martinot-Lagarde: Transitions laser visibles dans l’argon ionisé. Compt. Rend. 258 (1964) 4467–4469.

    Google Scholar 

  155. Bennett, JR., W. R., J. W. Knutson, JR., G. N. Mercer U. J. L. Detch: Super-radiance, excitation mechanisms, and quasi-cw oscillation in the visible Ar+ laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 180–182.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Bridges, W. B.: Laser action in singly ionized krypton and xenon. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 843–844.

    Google Scholar 

  157. Bloom, A. L., W. E. Bell U. F. O. Lopez: Laser spectroscopy of a pulsed mercury-helium discharge. Phys. Rev. 135 (1964) A 578—A 579.

    Google Scholar 

  158. Gerritsen, H. J., u. P. V. Goedertier: Blue gas laser using Hg24-. J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964) 3060–3061.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  159. Gordon, E. I., E. F. Labuda u. W. B. BRIDGES: Continuous visible laser action in singly ionized argon, krypton and xenon. Appl. Phys. Letters 4 (1964) 178–180.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  160. Gordon, E. I., u. E. F. Labuda: Gas pumping in continuously operated ion lasers. Bell Syst. Techn. J. 43 (1964) 1827–1829.

    Google Scholar 

  161. Der Agobian, R., J. L. Otto, R. Cagnard, J. Barthélémy u. R. ECHARD: Émission stimulée en régime permanent dans le spectre visible du krypton ionisé. Compt. Rend. 260 (1965) 6327–6329.

    Google Scholar 

  162. Mcfarlane, R. A.: Laser oscillation on visible and ultraviolet transistions of singly and multiply ionized oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen. Appl. Phys. Letters 5 (1964) 91–93.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  163. Bridges, W. B., u. A. N. Chester: Visible and UV laser oscillation at 118 wavelengths in ionized neon, argon, krypton, xenon, oxygen and other gases. Appl. Opt. 4 (1965) 573–580.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  164. Fowles, G. R., u. R. C. Jensen: Visible laser transitions in the spectrum of singly ionized iodine. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 851–852.

    Google Scholar 

  165. Fowles, G. R., u. R. C. Jensen: Visible laser transitions in ionized iodine. Appl. Opt. 1964) 1191–1192.

    Google Scholar 

  166. Mcfarlane, R. A.: Optical maser oscillation on iso-electronic transitions in Ar III and Cl II. Appl. Opt. 3 (1964) 1196.

    Google Scholar 

  167. Laures, P., L. Dana u. C. Fratard: Nouvelles transitions laser dans le domaine 0,42–0,52 la obtenues à partir du spectre du krypton ionisé. Compt. Rend. 258 (1964) 6363–6365.

    Google Scholar 

  168. Kleen/Müller, Laser

    Google Scholar 

  169. Laures, P., L. Dana U. C. Frapard: Nouvelles raies laser visibles dans le xenon ionisé. Compt. Rend. 259 (1964) 745–747.

    Google Scholar 

  170. Dana, L., u. P. Laures: Stimulated emission in krypton and xenon ions by collisions with metastable atoms. Proc. IEEE 53 (1965) 78–79.

    Google Scholar 

  171. Cheo, P. K., u. H. G. Cooper: Ultraviolet ion laser transitions between 2300 A and 4000 A. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1965) 1862–1865.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  172. Sinclair, D. C.: Near-infrared oscillation in pulsed noble gas ion lasers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55 (1965) 571–572

    Google Scholar 

  173. Dana, L., P. Laures u. R. Rocherolles: Raies laser ultraviolettes dam le neon, l’argon et le xenon. Compt. Rend. 260 (1965) 481–484.

    Google Scholar 

  174. Horrigan, F. A., S. H. Koozekanani U. R. A. Paananen: Infrared laser action and lifetimes in argon II. Appl. Phys. Letters 6 (1965) 41–43.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  175. Jensen, R. C., u. G. R. Fowles: New laser transitions in iodine-inert gas mixtures. Proc. IEEE 52 (1964) 1350.

    Google Scholar 

  176. Paananen, R.: Continuously-operated ultraviolet lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 9 (1966) 34–35.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  177. Bell, W. E., A. L. Bloom u. J. P. Goldsborough: Visible laser transitions in ionized selenium, arsenic, and bromine. IEEE J. Q. E. (1965) 400.

    Google Scholar 

  178. Zarowin, C. B.: New visible ew laser lines in singly-ionized chlorine. Appl. Phys. Letters 9 (1966) 241–242.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  179. Rudko, R. I., u. C. L. Tang: Effects of cascade in the excitation of the Ar II laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 9 (1966) 41–44.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  180. Ballik, E. A., W. R. Bennett, JR., U. G. N. Mercer: Temperatures, Lorentzian widths, and drift velocities in the argon-ion laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 8 (1966) 214 bis 216.

    Google Scholar 

  181. Bennett, JR., W. R., E. A. Ballik u G. N. Mercer: Spontaneous-emission line shape of ion laser transitions. Phys. Rev. Letters 16 (1966) 603–605.

    Google Scholar 

  182. Bloom, A. L., R. L. Byer u. W. E. Bell: Emission line widths of ion lasers. Phys. Quant. Electr., New York: McGraw-Hill 1966, S. 688–689.

    Google Scholar 

  183. Bloom, A. L.: Gas lasers. Proc. IEEE 54 (1966) 1262.

    Google Scholar 

  184. Statz, H., F. A. Horrigan U. S. H. Koozekanani: Transition probabilities for some Ar II laser lines. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1965) 2278–2286.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  185. Bennett, JR., W. R., P. J. Kindlmann, G. N. Mercer u. J. Sunderland: Relaxation rates of the Ar+ laser levels. Appl. Phys. Letters 5 (1964) 158–160.

    Google Scholar 

  186. Bakos, J., J. Szigeti u. L. Varga: The lifetimes of ionized argon states. Phys. Letters 20 (1966) 503–504.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  187. Gordon, E. I., E. F. Labuda, R. C. Miller u C E Webb: Excitation mechanisms of the argon ion laser, Phys. of Quant. Electr., New York: McGraw-Hill 1966, S. 664–673.

    Google Scholar 

  188. Labuda, E. F., E. I. Gordon u. R. C. Miller: Continuous-duty argon ion lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1 (1965) 273–279.

    Google Scholar 

  189. CHEO, P. K., u. H. G. Cooper: Evidence for radiation trapping as a mechanism for quenching and ring-shaped beam formation in ion lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 6 (1965) 177 —178.

    Google Scholar 

  190. Gorog, I., u. F. W. Spong: High pressure, high magnetic field effects in continuous argon lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 9 (1966) 61–63.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  191. Rosenberger, D.: Schwingverhalten eines kurzen Ar+-Lasers und Wechselwirkung zweier gekoppelter Schwingungen. Entwicklungsb. Siemens und Halske, 27. Jg. (1964) 299–301.

    Google Scholar 

  192. Rosenberger, D.: Anomale Wechselwirkung von gekoppelten Schwingungen im koutinuierlichen Argon-Ionen-Laser. Phys. Letters 22 (1966) 54–55.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  193. Rigrod, W. W., u. T. J. Bridges: Bistable traveling-wave oscillations of ion ring laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1 (1965) 298–303.

    Google Scholar 

  194. Bridges, T. J., u. W. W. Rigrod: Output spectra of the argon ion laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-i (1965) 303–308.

    Google Scholar 

  195. Neusel, R. H.: Gas pumping in repetitively pulsed ion lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 8 (1966) 331–333.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  196. Paananen, R. A.: Progress in ionized-argon lasers. IEEE Spectrum 3, 6 (1966) 88–89.

    Google Scholar 

  197. Gaddy, O. L., u. E. M. Schaefer: Self-locking modes in the argon ion laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 9, 8 (1966) 281–282.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  198. Mercer, G. N., V. P. Chebotayev U. W. R. Bennett, JR.: Radial drift velocities in the argon ion laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 10, 6 (1967) 177–179.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  199. HERNQVIST, K. G., u. J. R. FENDLY, JR.: Construction of long life argon lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-3 (1967) 66–72.

    Google Scholar 

  200. Bennett, JR., W. R., G. N. Mercer, P. J. Kindlmann, B. Wxler U H. Hyman: Direct electron excitation cross sections pertinent to the argon ion laser. Phys. Rev. Letters 17, 19 (1966) 987–991.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  201. Wieder, I., u. G. B. Mccurdy: Isotope shifts and the role of fermi resonance in the CO2 infrared maser. Phys. Rev. Letters 16, 13 (1966) 565–567.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  202. Mccurdy, G. B., u. I. Wieder: Generation of new infrared maser frequencies by isotopic substitution. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 9 (1966) 385–387.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  203. Patel, C. K. N.: Continuous-wave laser action on vibrational-rotational transitions of CO2. Phys. Rev. 136 (1964) A 1187—A 1193.

    Google Scholar 

  204. Legay, F. u. N. Legay-Sommaire: Sur les possibilités de réalisation d’un maser optique utilisant l’énergie de vibration des gaz excités par l’azote activé. Compt. Rend. 259 (1964) 99–103.

    Google Scholar 

  205. Patel, C. K. N.: Selective excitation through vibrational energy transfer and optical maser action in N,-0O2. Phys. Rev. Letters 13 (1964) 617.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  206. Statz, H.: Transition probalities between laser states in carbon dioxide. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 11 (1966) 4278–4284.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  207. Witteman, W. J.: Inversion mechanisms, population densities and coupling-out of a high-power molecular laser. Philips Res. Repts. 21 (1966) 73–84.

    Google Scholar 

  208. Patel, C. K. N.: Vibration energy transfer — an efficient means of selective excitation in molecules. Phys. of Quantum Electronics, New York: McGraw-Hill 1966, S. 643–654.

    Google Scholar 

  209. Patel, C. K. N.: Interpretation of CO2 optical maser experiments. Phys. Rev. Letters 12, 21 (1964) 588.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  210. Patel, C. K. N.: CW high-power N2–0O2 laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 1 (1965) 15–17.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  211. Moeller, G., u. J. D. Rigden: High-power laser action in CO3-He mixtures. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 10 (1965) 274–276.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  212. Patel, C. K. N., P. K. Tien u. J. H. Mcfee: CW high-power CO3–N2–He laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 11 (1965) 290–292.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  213. Witteman, W. J.: Increasing continuous laser-action on CO2 rotational vibrational transitions through selective depopulation of the lower laser level by means of water vapour, Phys. Letters 18, 2 (1965) 125–127.

    Google Scholar 

  214. Witteman, W. J.: Rate-determining processes for the production of radiation in high-power molecular lasers, IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 9 (1966) 375–378.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  215. Rosenberger, D.: The influence of hydrogen on the output of a N2–CO, laser, Phys. Letters 21, 5 (1966) 520–521.

    Google Scholar 

  216. Bridges, T. J., u. C. K. M. Patel: High-power brewster window laser at 10.6 microns. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 9 (1965) 244–245.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  217. Howe, J. A.: Effect of foreign gases on the CO2 laser: R-branch transitions. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 1 (1965) 21–22.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  218. Moeller, G., u. J. D. Rigden: Observation of laser action in the R-branch of CO2 and N20 vibrational spectra, Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 3 (1966) 69–70.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  219. Frapard, C., P. Laures, M. Roulot, X. Ziegler u. N. Legay-Sommaire: Mise en évidence de 85 oscillations laser nouvelles sur trois transitions vibrationelles de l’anhydride carbonique. Compt. Rend. 262, 20 (1966) 1340–1343.

    Google Scholar 

  220. Hocker, L. O., M. A. Kovacs, C. K. Rhodes, G. W. Flynn u. A. Javan: Vibrational relaxation measurements in CO2 using an induced-fluorescence technique. Phys. Rev. Letters 17, 5 (1966) 233–235.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  221. Flynn, G. W., L. O. Hocker, A. Javan, M. A. KOVACS u. C. K. RHODES: Progress and applications of Q-switching techniques using molecular gas lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 9 (1966) 378–381.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  222. Flynn, G. W., M. A. Kovacs, C. K. Rhodes u. A. Javan: Vibrational and rotational studies using Q-switching of molecular gas lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 3 (1966) 63–65.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  223. Bridges, T. J.: Competition, hysteresis and reactive Q-switching in CO2 lasers at 10,6 microns. Appl. Phys. Letters 9, 4 (1966) 174–176.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  224. Ridden, J. D., u. G. Moeller: Recent developments in CO2 lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 9 (1966) 365–368.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  225. Appl. Phys. Letters 6, 1 (1965) 12–13.

    Google Scholar 

  226. Howe, J. A.: R-branch laser action in N20. Phys. Letters 17, 3 (1965) 252–253.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  227. Laures, P., u. X. Ziegler: Lasers moléculaires de grande puissance en fonctionnement continu et en impulsions. J. Chim. Phys. 64 (1967) 100–106.

    Google Scholar 

  228. Patel, C. K. N.: CW laser oscillation in an N2 CS2 system. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 10 (1965) 273–274.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  229. Deutsch, T. F.: OSC molecular laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 12 (1966) 334–335.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  230. Patel, C. K. N.: Vibrational-rotational laser action in carbon monoxide. Phys. Rev. 141, 1 (1966) 71–83.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  231. Patel, C. K. N.: CW laser on vibrational-rotational transitions of CO. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 9 (1965) 246–247.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  232. Deutsch, T. F.: NO molecular laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 9, 8 (1966) 295–297.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  233. Bazxulin, P. A., I. N. Kynazev U. G. G. Petrash: Stimulated emission from molecular hydrogen and deuterium in the near infrared. Sov. Phys. JETP 22 (1966) 11–16.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  234. Mcfarlane, R. A.: Stimulated emission spectroscopy of some diatomic molecules. Physics of Quant. Electr., New York: McGraw Hill 1966, S. 655–663.

    Google Scholar 

  235. Mathias, L. E. S., u. J. T. Parker: Stimulated emission in the band spectrum of nitrogen. Appl. Phys. Letters 3, 1 (1963) 16.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  236. Heard, H. G.: Ultra-violet gas laser at room temperature. Nature 200 (1963) 667.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  237. Shipman, J. D., u. A. C. Kolb: A high power pulsed nitrogen laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2 (1966) 298.

    Google Scholar 

  238. Kasuya, T., u. D. R. Lide, JR.: Measurements on the molecular nitrogen pulsed laser. Appl. Opt. 6, 1 (1967) 69–70.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  239. Mathias, L. E. S., u. J. T. Parker: Visible laser oscillations from carbon monoxide. Phys. Letters 7 (1963) 194.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  240. Creo, P. K., u. H. G. Cooper: Excitation mechanisms of population inversion in CO and N2 palsed lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 5, 3 (1964) 42–44.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  241. Cooper, H. G., u. P. K. Creo: Dependence of the recovery time of the pulsed carbon monoxide laser on gas pressure and tube bore. Appl. Phys. Letters 5, 3 (1964) 44 bis 46.

    Google Scholar 

  242. Rabinowitz, P., S. Jacobs u. G. Gould: Continuous optically pumped Cs laser. Appl. Opt. 1, 4 (1962) 513–516.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  243. Kaspar, J. V. V., u. G. C. Pimentel: Atomic iodine photodissociation laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 5, 11 (1964) 231–233.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  244. Pollack, M. A.: Molecular laser action in nitric oxide by photodissociation of NOCI. Appl. Phys. Letters 9, 2 (1966) 94–96.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  245. Pollack, M. A.: Laser action in optically-pumped CN. Appl. Phys. Letters 9, 6 (1966) 230–232.

    MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  246. Polanyi, J. C.: Proposal for an infrared maser dependent on vibrational excitation. J. Chem. Phys. 34, 1 (1961) 347–348.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  247. Kaspar, J. V. V., u. G. C. Pimentel: HCl chemical laser. Phys. Rev. Letters 14, 10 (1965) 352–354.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  248. Pollack, M. A.: Laser oscillation in chemically formed CO. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 9 (1966) 237–238.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  249. Turner, R., K. M. Baird, M. J. Taylor U. C. J. van Der Hoeven: Lifetime of helium—neon lasers. Rev. Sci. Instr. 35, (1964) 996–1002.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  250. Turner, R., C. J. Van Der Hoeven: Analysis of gas pressure and composition in a helium—neon laser discharge. Rev. Sci. Instr. 36 (1965) 1003–1005.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  251. Taylor, J. E.: Quenching of optical gain in helium—neon masers by oxygen. Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. II, Bd. 9 (1964) 281.

    Google Scholar 

  252. Hociuli, U., u. P. Haldemann • Cold cathodes for possible use in 6328 A single mode He—Ne gas lasers. Rev. Sci. Instr. 36, 10 (1965) 1493–1494.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  253. White, A. D.: Frequency stabilization of gas lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1, 8 (1965) 349–357.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  254. White, A. D.: Gas laser frequency stabilization. Microwaves 6, 1 (1967) 51–61.

    Google Scholar 

  255. Shmoda, K., u. A. Javan: Stabilization of the He-Ne maser on the atomic line center. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1965) 718.

    Google Scholar 

  256. Bloom, A. L., u. D. L. Wright: Pressure shifts in a stabilized single wavelength helium-neon laser. Appl. Opt. 5, 10 (1966) 1528–1532.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  257. Bennett, JR., W. R., S. F. Jacobs, J. T. Latourette u. P. Rabinowitz: Dispersion characteristics and frequency stabilization of a gas laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 5 (1964) 56.

    Google Scholar 

  258. White, A. D., E. I. GORDON u. E. F. LABUDA: Frequency stabilization of single mode gas lasers. Appl. Phys. Letters 5 (1964) 97.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  259. Smith, P. W.: Stabilized, single-frequency output from a long laser cavity. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1, 8 (1965) 343–348.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  260. Didomenico, JR., M.: Characteristics of a single-frequency Michelson-type He-Ne gas laser. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 8 (1966) 311–322.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  261. A 20Ne transition. Appl. Phys. Letters 10 (1967) 24–26.

    Google Scholar 

  262. Piltch, M., u. G. Gould: High temperature alumina discharge tube for pulsed metal vapor lasers. Rev. of Sci. Instr. 37, 7 (1966) 925–927.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  263. Rigden, J. D.: A metallic plasma tube for ion lasers. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1, 5 (1965) 221.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  264. Goldsbobough, J. P.: Cyclotron resonance excitation of gas-ion laser transitions. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 9 (1966) 218–219.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  265. Neusel, R. H.: A new xenon laser oscillation at 5401 A. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 3 (1966) 70.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  266. Neusel, R. H.: New laser oscillations in xenon and krypton. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 11 (1966) 758.

    Google Scholar 

  267. Bridges, W. B., u. A. S. Halstead: New cw laser transitions in argon, krypton, and xenon. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 4 (1966) 84.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  268. Bockasten, K., T. Lundholm u. O. ANDRADE: New near infrared laser lines in argon I. Phys. Letters 22, 2 (1966) 145–146.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  269. Neusel, R. H.: New laser oscillations in krypton and xenon. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 8 (1966) 334.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  270. Neusel, R. H.: A new krypton laser oscillation at 5016,4 A. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 5 (1966) 106.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  271. Creo, P. K., u. H. G. Cooper: UV and visible laser oscillations in fluorine, phosphorus and chlorine. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 7 (1966) 202–204.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  272. Petrov, Y. N., u. A. M. Prokhorov: 75 fI quantum generator. JETP Letters 1, 1 (1965) 24–25.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  273. Palenius, H. P.: The indentification of some Si and Cl laser observed by Cheo and Cooper. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 4 (1966) 82–83.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  274. Keeffe, W. M., D. W. J. Graham: Laser oscillation in the visible spectrum o singly ionized pure bromine vapor. Appl. Phys. Letters 7, 10 (1965) 263–264.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  275. Bell, E. W., A. L. Bloom u. J. P. Goldsborougm: Visible laser transitions in ionized selenium, arsenic, and bromine. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1, 9 (1965) 400.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  276. Kovalchux, V. M., u. G. G. Petrash: New generation lines of a pulsed iodine-vapor laser. JETP Letters 4, 6 (1966) 144–146.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  277. Willet, C. S., u. O. S. Heavens: Laser transition at 651,6 nm in ionized iodine. Optics Acta 13, 3 (1966) 271–273.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  278. Allen, R. B., R. B. Starnes u. A. A. DoUGAL: A new pulsed ion laser transition in nitrogen at 3995 A. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 8 (1966) 334.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  279. Cooper, H. G., u. P. K. Creo: Ion laser oscillations in sulfur. Phys. of Quant. Electr., New York: McGraw Hill 1966, S. 690–697.

    Google Scholar 

  280. Cottrell, T. H. E., D. C. Sinclair u. J. M. Forsyth: New laser wavelengths in krypton. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 10 (1966) 703.

    Google Scholar 

  281. Fowles, G. R., u. W. T. Silfvast: Laser action in the ionic spectra of zinc and cadmium. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-1, 3 (1965) 131.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  282. Silfvast, W. T., G. R. Fowles u. B. D. HOPKINS: Laser action in singly ionized Sn, Pb, In, Cd, and Zn. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 12 (1966) 318–319.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  283. Bockasten, K., M. Garavaglia, B. A. LENGYEL U. T. LUNDHOLM: Laser lines in Hg I. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55 (1965) 1051–1053.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  284. Bell, W. E., A. L. BLooi u. J. P. Goldsbor.Ough: New laser transitions in antimony and tellurium. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 6 (1966) 154.

    Google Scholar 

  285. Silfvast, W. T., u. G. R. Fowles: Laser action on several hyperfine transitions in Mn I. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 6 (1966) 832–833.

    Google Scholar 

  286. Keeffe, W. M., u. W. J. Graham: Observation of new Br+ laser transitions. Phys. Letters 20 (1966) 643.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  287. Labuda, E. F., u. A. M. Johnson: Threshold properties of continuous duty rare gas ion laser transitions. IEEE J. Q. E. QE-2, 10 (1966) 700–701.

    Google Scholar 

  288. Henry, A., G. Arya u. L. Henry: Émission laser de l’oxyde de carbone dans le spectre visible. Compt. Rend. 261 (1965) 1495–1497.

    Google Scholar 

  289. Mcfarlane, R. A., u. J. A. Howe: Stimulated emission in the system CO/CO2. Phys. Letters 19, 3 (1965) 208–210.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  290. Mathias, L. E. S., A. Crocker u. M. S. Wills: Laser oscillations from nitrous oxide at wavelengths around 10,911. Phys. Letters 13 (1964) 303–304.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  291. Mathias, L. E. S., A. Crocker U. M. S. Wills: Laser oscillations at wavelengths between 21 and 32 from a pulsed discharge through ammonia. Phys. Letters 14, 1 (1965) 33–34.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  292. Witteman, J. W., u. R. Bleekrode: Pulsed and continuous molecular far infrared gaslaser. Phys. Letters 13, 2 (1964) 126–127.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  293. Crocker, A., H. A. Gebbie, M. F. Kimmitt U. L. E. S. Mathias: Stimulated emission in the far infrared. Nature 201, 4910 (1964) 250–251.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  294. Mathias, L. E. S., A. Crocker: Stimulated emission in the far infra-red from water vapour and deuterium oxide discharges. Phys. Letters 13, 1 (1964) 35.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  295. Müller, W. M., u. G. T. Flesher: Continuous wave submillimeter oscillation in H20, D20 and CH3CN. Appl. Phys. Letters 8, 9 (1966) 217–218.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  296. Flesher, G. T., u. W. M. Müllrr: Submillimeter gas laser. Proc. IEEE 54, 4 (1966) 543–546.

    Google Scholar 

  297. Gebbie, H. A., N. W. B. Stone u. F. D. Findlay: A stimulated emission source at 0,34 millimetre wavelength. Nature 202 (1964) 686.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  298. Steffen, H., J. Steffen, J. F. Moser u. F. K. Kneibühl: Stimulated emission of ICN up to 0,774 mm wavelength. Z. angew. Math. Phys. 17, 3 (1966) 472–474.

    Google Scholar 

  299. Steffen, H., J. Steffen, J. F. Moser u. F. K. Kneubuhl: Comments on a new laser emission at 0,774 mm wavelength from ICN. Phys. Letters 21, 4 (1966) 425–426.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  300. Steffen, H., P. Schwaller, J.-F. MOSER U. F. K. KNEUBÜIJL: Mechanism of the submillimeter laser emissions from the CN-radical. Phys. Letters 23, 5 (1966) 313 bis 314.

    Google Scholar 

  301. Prettl, W., u. L. Genzel: Notes on the submillimeter laser emission from cyanic compounds. Phys. Letters 23, 7 (1966) 443–444.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  302. Hocker, L. O., A. Javan U. D. Ramachandra RAO: Absolute frequency measurement and spectroscopy of gas laser transitions in the far infrared. Appl. Phys. Letters 10, 5 (1967) 147–149.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  303. Abrams, R. L. u. G. J. \Volga: Near infrared laser transitions in pure helium. IEEE J. Q. E. Qe-3 (1967) 368.

    Google Scholar 

  304. Mathias, L. E. S., A. Crocker U. M. S. WILLS: Pulsed laser emission from helium at 95,um. IEEE J. Q. E. Qe-3 (1967) 170.

    Google Scholar 

  305. Bridges, W. B., R. J. Freiberg U. A. S. Halsted: New continous UV ion transitions in neon, argon and krypton. IEEE J. Q. E. Qe-3 (1967) 339.

    Google Scholar 

  306. Neusel, R. H.: New laser oscillations in Ar, Kr, Xe u. N. IEEE J. Q. E. Qe-3 (1967) 207–208.

    Google Scholar 

  307. Cooper H. G. u. P. K. CREO: Laser transitions in B If, Br II and Sn. IEEE J. Q. E. Qe-2 (1966) 785.

    Google Scholar 

  308. Willett C. S.: New laser oscillations in singly ionized iodine. IEEE J. Q. E. Qe-3 (1967) 33.

    Google Scholar 

  309. Carr, W. C. u. R. W. Grow: A new laser line in tin using stanic chloride vapor. Proc. IEEE 55 (1967) 1198.

    Google Scholar 

  310. LIDE, JR., D. R. u. A. G. Maki. On the explanation of the so-called CN laser. Appl. Phys. Letters 11 (1967) 62–64.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  311. Hocker, L. O. u. A. Javan: Absolute frequency measurements on new cw HCN submilimeter laser lines. Phys. Letters 25A (1967) 489–490.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  312. Maki, A. G.: Interpretation of the CS2 laser transitions. Appl. Phys. Letters 11 (1967) 204–205.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  313. Lide, JR., D. R.: Interpretation of the far infrared laser oscillation in ammonia. Phys. Letters 24A (1967) 599–600.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  314. Deutsch, T. F.: Laser emission from HF rotational transitions. Appl. Phys. Letters 11 (1967) 18–20.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. D. Rosenberger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Technischen Hochschule München, Deutschland

    W. Kleen (Direktor des European Space Research and Technology Center, Noordwijk, Niederlande, Honorarprofessor) & R. Müller (o. Professor, Direktor des Instituts für Technische Elektronik) (Direktor des European Space Research and Technology Center, Noordwijk, Niederlande, Honorarprofessor) &  (o. Professor, Direktor des Instituts für Technische Elektronik)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1969 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rosenberger, D. (1969). Der Gaslaser. In: Kleen, W., Müller, R. (eds) Laser. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87266-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87266-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-87267-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-87266-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation