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Mangelernährung

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Neurogeriatrie

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Zusammenfassung

Mangelernährung (Malnutrition) wird allgemein definiert als Zustand des Mangels an Energie, Protein oder anderen Nährstoffen, der mit messbaren Veränderungen von Körperfunktionen verbunden ist und einen ungünstigen Krankheitsverlauf zur Folge hat. Geriatrische Patienten sind von Mangelernährung besonders häufig betroffen. Sie kann zu Veränderungen im Bereich vieler Organsysteme führen. Die klinisch relevantesten Veränderungen sind die Auswirkungen auf das Immunsystem und die Muskulatur. Die Ursachen sind ausgesprochen vielfältig und bei den meisten geriatrischen Patienten handelt es sich um ein multiätiologisches Syndrom. Einige der Ursachen führen zu Appetitlosigkeit, z. B. Inflammation und Depression, andere behindern die Nahrungsaufnahme auf direktem Wege, z. B. Dysphagie und Immobilität. Ebenso vielfältig sind auch die therapeutischen Ansätze, die von der Schulung pflegender Angehöriger über kompensatorische Ansätze und spezielle Kostformen bis zur künstlichen Ernährung reichen.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Neurogeriatrie und neurologische Rehabilitation RKU, Universitäts- und Rehabilitationskliniken Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland

    Christine von Arnim

  2. Klinik für Altersmedizin und Frührehabilitation, Marien Hospital Herne - Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Herne, Deutschland

    Rainer Wirth

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  1. Christine von Arnim
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  2. Rainer Wirth
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Correspondence to Christine von Arnim .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Neurologie, UKSH, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany

    Walter Maetzler

  2. Lehrstuhl für Geriatrie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Geriatriezentrum Haus Berge, Contilia Group, Essen, Germany

    Richard Dodel

  3. Klinik für Geriatrie mit Neurologie, Johanniter Krankenhaus Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Andreas H. Jacobs

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von Arnim, C., Wirth, R. (2019). Mangelernährung. In: Maetzler, W., Dodel, R., Jacobs, A. (eds) Neurogeriatrie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57358-7_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57358-7_13

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