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Botany — morphology and anatomy

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The Groundnut Crop

Part of the book series: World Crop Series

Abstract

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the world’s major food legume crops. It originated in South America, where the genus Arachis is widely distributed. The natural distribution of all the Arachis species is confined to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay (Krapovickas, 1973; Krapovickas and Rigoni, 1957; Ramanatha Rao, 1987). A. hypogaea is not known to occur in the wild state. Groundnut is presently cultivated in over 80 countries from 40° N to 40° S in tropical and warm temperate regions of the world. The origin and evolution of the genus as well as of the cultivated species are fairly well known but more evidence is required to make explicit conclusions. Though considerable information on morphology, cytology and genetics has been accumulated along with information on the distribution of the species in the genus, the taxonomic treatment is still incomplete. One of the major reasons for this is the discovery of additional ‘species’ after every collecting mission to centres of diversity of the genus (Vails et al., 1985). The morphology, development and anatomy of Arachis presented problems to groundnut workers.

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Authors
  1. V. Ramanatha Rao
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  2. U. R. Murty
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Southampton University, UK

    J. Smartt

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© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Rao, V.R., Murty, U.R. (1994). Botany — morphology and anatomy. In: Smartt, J. (eds) The Groundnut Crop. World Crop Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0733-4_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0733-4_3

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