Chi-Square Analysis for Two Categorical Variables

Let us compare two of the countries, Denmark and France (Table 9.1). Table 9.1 is called a contingency table. The table shows how the people in the poll were distributed on the two categorical variables country and attitude toward people. Note that this contingency table has two rows and two columns (as well as a row and a column labeled total), because each of the two variables has two values (categories). The country variable has the two values Denmark and France, and the attitude variable has the two values trust and suspicion. Of course, it is possible for categorical variables to have more than two categories, or values. With four countries the table would have four columns and two rows.