Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 2/2018

26.05.2018 | Biomass and Biofuels (P Fokaides, Section Editor)

Circular Economy Synergistic Opportunities of Decentralized Thermochemical Systems for Bioenergy and Biochar Production Fueled with Agro-industrial Wastes with Environmental Sustainability and Social Acceptance: a Review

verfasst von: Despoina Fytili, Anastasia Zabaniotou

Erschienen in: Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports | Ausgabe 2/2018

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This paper aims to shed light on the role of decentralized gasification and pyrolysis units for bioenergy and biochar production fueled with agro-industrial wastes with environmental sustainability and social acceptance in the transition to circular economy.

Recent Findings

The decentralized gasification and pyrolysis systems can offer local energy production without affecting local food security, providing an income for producers and management options of the agro-industrial sector wastes. Carbon sequestration and soil quality improvement coupled with bioenergy generation can be achieved. Closed-loop models of decentralized pyrolysis-based biochar units are new opportunities.

Summary

Decentralized gasification-based units for combined heat and power and pyrolysis for biochar is a rapidly deployable and efficient way to meet energy demands by using local biomass, avoiding transportation costs, creating business and employment in rural areas, improving resource efficiency, closing loops of nutrients, and providing synergistic opportunities for many sectors such as agro-industry, bioenergy, and waste management sectors, in the transition to circular economy.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat • Bocci E, Sisinni M, Moneti M, Vecchione L, Di Carlo A, Villarini M. State of art of small scale biomass gasification power systems: a review of the different typologies. Energy Procedia. 2014;45:247–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro. In this study, the authors advocate the adoption of a new development model, focusing on the target of sustainable bioeconomy, around which other development themes and topics will crystallize. CrossRef • Bocci E, Sisinni M, Moneti M, Vecchione L, Di Carlo A, Villarini M. State of art of small scale biomass gasification power systems: a review of the different typologies. Energy Procedia. 2014;45:247–56. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​egypro. In this study, the authors advocate the adoption of a new development model, focusing on the target of sustainable bioeconomy, around which other development themes and topics will crystallize. CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Koukios E, Monteleone M, Texeira Carrondo MJ, Charalambous A, Zabaniotou A. Targeting sustainable bioeconomy: a new development strategy for southern European countries. The manifesto of the European Mezzogiorno. J Clean Prod. 2018;172:3931–41.CrossRef Koukios E, Monteleone M, Texeira Carrondo MJ, Charalambous A, Zabaniotou A. Targeting sustainable bioeconomy: a new development strategy for southern European countries. The manifesto of the European Mezzogiorno. J Clean Prod. 2018;172:3931–41.CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat García-Olivares A, Oleg Osychenko J-S. Transportation in a 100% renewable energy system. Energy conversion and management. Energy Convers Manag. 2018;158:266–85.CrossRef García-Olivares A, Oleg Osychenko J-S. Transportation in a 100% renewable energy system. Energy conversion and management. Energy Convers Manag. 2018;158:266–85.CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Dominković DF, IBačeković I, Pedersena AS, Krajačićc G. The future of transportation in sustainable energy systems: opportunities and barriers in a clean energy transition. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2018;82(2):1823–38.CrossRef Dominković DF, IBačeković I, Pedersena AS, Krajačićc G. The future of transportation in sustainable energy systems: opportunities and barriers in a clean energy transition. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2018;82(2):1823–38.CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Narodoslawsky M. Bioenergy provision: utilizing contextual resources. Curr Opin Chem Eng. 2017;17:93–7.CrossRef Narodoslawsky M. Bioenergy provision: utilizing contextual resources. Curr Opin Chem Eng. 2017;17:93–7.CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Zabaniotou A, Rovas D, Delivand MK, Francavilla M, Monteleone M. Conceptual vision of bioenergy sector development in Mediterranean regions based on decentralized thermochemical systems. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2017;23:33–47. The study is an integrate approach of bioenergy systems. It discusses the issue of biomass supply and availability and proposes estimation methods and it sheds light to thermochemical process feedstock implications . •• Zabaniotou A, Rovas D, Delivand MK, Francavilla M, Monteleone M. Conceptual vision of bioenergy sector development in Mediterranean regions based on decentralized thermochemical systems. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2017;23:33–47. The study is an integrate approach of bioenergy systems. It discusses the issue of biomass supply and availability and proposes estimation methods and it sheds light to thermochemical process feedstock implications .
9.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Mangoyana RB, Smith TF. Decentralised bioenergy systems: a review of opportunities and threats. Energy Policy. 2011;39(3):1286–95. This study is very important because it presents the opportunities through integrating small-scale decentralized bioenergy systems with other production systems. It supports closed-loop models, and synergistic opportunities along the bioenergy production chain . CrossRef •• Mangoyana RB, Smith TF. Decentralised bioenergy systems: a review of opportunities and threats. Energy Policy. 2011;39(3):1286–95. This study is very important because it presents the opportunities through integrating small-scale decentralized bioenergy systems with other production systems. It supports closed-loop models, and synergistic opportunities along the bioenergy production chain . CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Zabaniotou A, Rovas D, Libutti A, Monteleone M. Boosting circular economy and closing the loop in agriculture: case study of a small-scale pyrolysis–biochar based system integrated in an olive farm in symbiosis with an olive mill. Environ Dev. 2015;14:22–36. This study is very important because it presents the opportunities of small-scale decentralized pyrolysis-biochar and bioenergy systems for closing the loop in agriculture. It supports closed-loop model, and synergistic opportunities . CrossRef •• Zabaniotou A, Rovas D, Libutti A, Monteleone M. Boosting circular economy and closing the loop in agriculture: case study of a small-scale pyrolysis–biochar based system integrated in an olive farm in symbiosis with an olive mill. Environ Dev. 2015;14:22–36. This study is very important because it presents the opportunities of small-scale decentralized pyrolysis-biochar and bioenergy systems for closing the loop in agriculture. It supports closed-loop model, and synergistic opportunities . CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat European Commission. Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Off J Eur Union. 2009:16–62. European Commission. Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Off J Eur Union. 2009:16–62.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat EUROPEAN COMMISSION COM(2015) 614 final Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Closing the loop—An EU action plan for the Circular Economy.2.12.2015.Brussels. EUROPEAN COMMISSION COM(2015) 614 final Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Closing the loop—An EU action plan for the Circular Economy.2.12.2015.Brussels.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat EUROPEAN COMMISSION. COM (2017). The role of waste-to-energy in the circular economy 34 final communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.26.1.2017.Brussels. EUROPEAN COMMISSION. COM (2017). The role of waste-to-energy in the circular economy 34 final communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.26.1.2017.Brussels.
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Boukis I, Vassilakos N, Kontopoulos G, Karellas S. Policy plan for the use of biomass and biofuels in Greece: part I: available biomass and methodology. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2009;13(5):971–85.CrossRef Boukis I, Vassilakos N, Kontopoulos G, Karellas S. Policy plan for the use of biomass and biofuels in Greece: part I: available biomass and methodology. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2009;13(5):971–85.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Bakos GC, Tsioliaridou E, Potolias C. Technoeconomic assessment and strategic analysis of heat and power co-generation (CHP) from biomass in Greece. Biomass Bioenergy. 2008;32(6):558–67.CrossRef Bakos GC, Tsioliaridou E, Potolias C. Technoeconomic assessment and strategic analysis of heat and power co-generation (CHP) from biomass in Greece. Biomass Bioenergy. 2008;32(6):558–67.CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat McKendry P. Energy production from biomass (part 2): conversion technologies. Bioresour Technol. 2002;83(1):47–54.CrossRef McKendry P. Energy production from biomass (part 2): conversion technologies. Bioresour Technol. 2002;83(1):47–54.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Ververk PJ, Anttila P, Eggers J, Lindner M, Asikainen A. The realizable potential supply of woody biomass from forests in the European Union. For Ecol Manag. 2011;261:2007–15.CrossRef Ververk PJ, Anttila P, Eggers J, Lindner M, Asikainen A. The realizable potential supply of woody biomass from forests in the European Union. For Ecol Manag. 2011;261:2007–15.CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Kumar B. D., Hoque N. S. M. Assessment of the potential of biomass gasification for electricity generation in Bangladesh. J Renew Energy.2014;(2014) Article ID 429518;10 pages. Kumar B. D., Hoque N. S. M. Assessment of the potential of biomass gasification for electricity generation in Bangladesh. J Renew Energy.2014;(2014) Article ID 429518;10 pages.
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Karmakar M, Datta A. Generation of hydrogen rich gas through fluidized bed gasification of biomass. Bio/Technology. 2011;102(2):1907–13. Karmakar M, Datta A. Generation of hydrogen rich gas through fluidized bed gasification of biomass. Bio/Technology. 2011;102(2):1907–13.
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Butterman HC, Castaldi MJ. CO2 as a carbon neutral fuel source via enhanced biomass gasification. Environ Sci Technol. 2009;43:9030–7.CrossRef Butterman HC, Castaldi MJ. CO2 as a carbon neutral fuel source via enhanced biomass gasification. Environ Sci Technol. 2009;43:9030–7.CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Klinghoffer N. Beneficial use of ash and char from biomass gasification Proceedings of the 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference NAWTEC19.May 16–18. 2011. Klinghoffer N. Beneficial use of ash and char from biomass gasification Proceedings of the 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference NAWTEC19.May 16–18. 2011.
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Consonni S, Viganò F. Waste gasification vs. conventional waste-to-energy: a comparative evaluation of two commercial technologies. Waste Manag. 2012;32(4):653–66.CrossRef Consonni S, Viganò F. Waste gasification vs. conventional waste-to-energy: a comparative evaluation of two commercial technologies. Waste Manag. 2012;32(4):653–66.CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Salomón M, Savola T, Martina A, Fogelholmb C-J, Franssona T. Small-scale biomass CHP plants in Sweden and Finland. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2011;15:4451–65.CrossRef Salomón M, Savola T, Martina A, Fogelholmb C-J, Franssona T. Small-scale biomass CHP plants in Sweden and Finland. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2011;15:4451–65.CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Okello C, Pindozzi S, Faugno, Boccia L. Development of bioenergy technologies in Uganda: a review of progress. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2013;18:55–63.CrossRef Okello C, Pindozzi S, Faugno, Boccia L. Development of bioenergy technologies in Uganda: a review of progress. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2013;18:55–63.CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Yaman S. Pyrolysis of biomass to produce fuels and chemical feedstocks. Energy Convers Manag. 2004;45(5):651–71.CrossRef Yaman S. Pyrolysis of biomass to produce fuels and chemical feedstocks. Energy Convers Manag. 2004;45(5):651–71.CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Oladeji JT, Itabiyi EA, Okekunle PO. A comprehensive review of biomass pyrolysis as a process of renewable energy generation. J Nat Sci Res. 2015;5:p99. Oladeji JT, Itabiyi EA, Okekunle PO. A comprehensive review of biomass pyrolysis as a process of renewable energy generation. J Nat Sci Res. 2015;5:p99.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Brownsort A.P. (2009). Biomass pyrolysis processes: performance parameters and their influence on biochar system benefits. University of Edinburgh. A dissertation presented for the degree of Master of Science. Brownsort A.P. (2009). Biomass pyrolysis processes: performance parameters and their influence on biochar system benefits. University of Edinburgh. A dissertation presented for the degree of Master of Science.
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Brownsort P.A., Carter S., Cook J., Cunningham C., Gaunt J., Hammond J. S, Ibarrola R., Mašek O., Sims K., Thornley P. (2011).An assessment of the benefits and issues associated with application of biochar to soil. School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh. Brownsort P.A., Carter S., Cook J., Cunningham C., Gaunt J., Hammond J. S, Ibarrola R., Mašek O., Sims K., Thornley P. (2011).An assessment of the benefits and issues associated with application of biochar to soil. School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh.
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Saxena RC, Adhikari DK, Goyal HB. Biomass-based energy fuel through biochemical routes: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2009;13(1):167–78.CrossRef Saxena RC, Adhikari DK, Goyal HB. Biomass-based energy fuel through biochemical routes: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2009;13(1):167–78.CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Roberts KG, Gloy BA, Joseph S, Scott NR, Lehmann J. Life cycle assessment of biochar systems: estimating the energetic, economic, and climate change potential. Environ Sci Technol. 2010;44(2):827–33.CrossRef Roberts KG, Gloy BA, Joseph S, Scott NR, Lehmann J. Life cycle assessment of biochar systems: estimating the energetic, economic, and climate change potential. Environ Sci Technol. 2010;44(2):827–33.CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Knoef H. Handbook biomass gasification. Enschede: BTG Biomass Technology Group; 2012. Knoef H. Handbook biomass gasification. Enschede: BTG Biomass Technology Group; 2012.
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Hunt S, Konaris T, Bellanca R., Grant B-T. Small-scale bioenergy initiatives: lessons from case studies in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Bioener Sustain Dev Africa.2011:pp 335–344. Hunt S, Konaris T, Bellanca R., Grant B-T. Small-scale bioenergy initiatives: lessons from case studies in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Bioener Sustain Dev Africa.2011:pp 335–344.
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Denntice d’Accacia M, Sasso M, Sibilio S, Vanoli L. Micro-combined heat and power in residential and light commercial applications. Appl Therm Eng. 2003;23:1247–59.CrossRef Denntice d’Accacia M, Sasso M, Sibilio S, Vanoli L. Micro-combined heat and power in residential and light commercial applications. Appl Therm Eng. 2003;23:1247–59.CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Adams PWR, McManus MC. Small-scale biomass gasification CHP utilisation in industry: energy and environmental evaluation. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2014;6:129–40. Adams PWR, McManus MC. Small-scale biomass gasification CHP utilisation in industry: energy and environmental evaluation. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2014;6:129–40.
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Adams P.W.R. An assessment of UK bioenergy production, resource availability, biomass gasification, and life cycle environmental impacts. PhD Thesis, University of Bath, Bath. 2011. Available at: http://opus.bath.ac.uk/27930/. Adams P.W.R. An assessment of UK bioenergy production, resource availability, biomass gasification, and life cycle environmental impacts. PhD Thesis, University of Bath, Bath. 2011. Available at: http://​opus.​bath.​ac.​uk/​27930/​.
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Vaze P., Tindale S. Repowering communities: small-scale solutions for largescale energy problems. 2011. Vaze P., Tindale S. Repowering communities: small-scale solutions for largescale energy problems. 2011.
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaundinya DP, Balachandra P, Ravindranath NH. Grid-connected versus stand-alone energy systems for decentralized power—a review of literature. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2009;13:2041–50.CrossRef Kaundinya DP, Balachandra P, Ravindranath NH. Grid-connected versus stand-alone energy systems for decentralized power—a review of literature. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2009;13:2041–50.CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Zabaniotou A. Redesigning a bioenergy sector in EU in the transition to circular waste-based bioeconomy—a multidisciplinary review. J Cleaner Prod. 2018;177:197–206. The study is very important being a multidisciplinary, comprehensive review of recent published papers, setting several legal, environmental, technical, economic, and social settings of bioenergy and designing the new role of bioenergy in the waste-based circular bioeconomy transition. CrossRef •• Zabaniotou A. Redesigning a bioenergy sector in EU in the transition to circular waste-based bioeconomy—a multidisciplinary review. J Cleaner Prod. 2018;177:197–206. The study is very important being a multidisciplinary, comprehensive review of recent published papers, setting several legal, environmental, technical, economic, and social settings of bioenergy and designing the new role of bioenergy in the waste-based circular bioeconomy transition. CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat • Manara P, Zabaniotou A. Indicator-based economic, environmental, and social sustainability assessment of a small gasification bioenergy system fuelled with food processing residues from the Mediterranean agro-industrial sector. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2014;8:159–71. In the present study, an indicator-based estimation of sustainability was performed for a gasification-based bioenergy system considering not only economic but also environmental and social issues. • Manara P, Zabaniotou A. Indicator-based economic, environmental, and social sustainability assessment of a small gasification bioenergy system fuelled with food processing residues from the Mediterranean agro-industrial sector. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2014;8:159–71. In the present study, an indicator-based estimation of sustainability was performed for a gasification-based bioenergy system considering not only economic but also environmental and social issues.
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Zabaniotou A. Agro-residues implication in decentralized CHP production through a thermochemical conversion system with SOFC. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2014;6:34–50. Zabaniotou A. Agro-residues implication in decentralized CHP production through a thermochemical conversion system with SOFC. Sustain Energy Technol Assess. 2014;6:34–50.
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Nsamba HK, Hale SE, Cornelissen G, Bachmann R-T. Sustainable technologies for small-scale biochar production—a review. J Sustain Bioener Syst. 2015;5:10–31.CrossRef Nsamba HK, Hale SE, Cornelissen G, Bachmann R-T. Sustainable technologies for small-scale biochar production—a review. J Sustain Bioener Syst. 2015;5:10–31.CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Knowles J. (2011). Overview of small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems. Small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems—advanced design, performance, materials and applications. Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy:3–16. Knowles J. (2011). Overview of small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems. Small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems—advanced design, performance, materials and applications. Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy:3–16.
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Singh J, Chauhan A. Assessment of biomass resources for decentralized power generation in Punjab. Int J Appl Eng Res. 2014;9:869–75. Singh J, Chauhan A. Assessment of biomass resources for decentralized power generation in Punjab. Int J Appl Eng Res. 2014;9:869–75.
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Demirbas F, Balat M, Balat H. Potential contribution of biomass to sustainable energy development. Energy Convers Manag. 2009;50:1746–60.CrossRef Demirbas F, Balat M, Balat H. Potential contribution of biomass to sustainable energy development. Energy Convers Manag. 2009;50:1746–60.CrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Borello D., Pantaleo A.M., Caucci M., De Caprariis B., De Filippis P., Shah N. Modeling and experimental study of a small scale olive pomace gasifier for cogeneration: energy and profitability analysis 1. Energies 2017, 10. Borello D., Pantaleo A.M., Caucci M., De Caprariis B., De Filippis P., Shah N. Modeling and experimental study of a small scale olive pomace gasifier for cogeneration: energy and profitability analysis 1. Energies 2017, 10.
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Coaffe J. Risk, resilience and environmentally sustainable cities. Energy Policy. 2008;36(12):4633–8.CrossRef Coaffe J. Risk, resilience and environmentally sustainable cities. Energy Policy. 2008;36(12):4633–8.CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Hiremath RB, Shikha S, Ravindranath NH. Decentralized energy planning; modeling and application—a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2007;11(5):729–52.CrossRef Hiremath RB, Shikha S, Ravindranath NH. Decentralized energy planning; modeling and application—a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev. 2007;11(5):729–52.CrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Nguyen TLT, Hermansen JE, Nielsen RG. Environmental assessment of gasification technology for biomass conversion to energy in comparison with other alternatives: the case of wheat straw. J Clean Prod. 2013;53:133–48.CrossRef Nguyen TLT, Hermansen JE, Nielsen RG. Environmental assessment of gasification technology for biomass conversion to energy in comparison with other alternatives: the case of wheat straw. J Clean Prod. 2013;53:133–48.CrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Cole RJ. Motivating stakeholders to deliver environmental change. Build Res Inf. 2011;39(5):491–535.CrossRef Cole RJ. Motivating stakeholders to deliver environmental change. Build Res Inf. 2011;39(5):491–535.CrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Wüstenhagen R, Wolsink M, Bürer MJ. Social acceptance of renewable energy innovation: an introduction to the concept. Energy Policy. 2007;35(5):2683–91.CrossRef Wüstenhagen R, Wolsink M, Bürer MJ. Social acceptance of renewable energy innovation: an introduction to the concept. Energy Policy. 2007;35(5):2683–91.CrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Chmutina K, Wiersma B, Goodier CI, Devine-Wright P. Concern or compliance? Drivers of urban decentralised energy initiatives. Sustain Cities Soc. 2014;10:122–9.CrossRef Chmutina K, Wiersma B, Goodier CI, Devine-Wright P. Concern or compliance? Drivers of urban decentralised energy initiatives. Sustain Cities Soc. 2014;10:122–9.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Circular Economy Synergistic Opportunities of Decentralized Thermochemical Systems for Bioenergy and Biochar Production Fueled with Agro-industrial Wastes with Environmental Sustainability and Social Acceptance: a Review
verfasst von
Despoina Fytili
Anastasia Zabaniotou
Publikationsdatum
26.05.2018
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports / Ausgabe 2/2018
Elektronische ISSN: 2196-3010
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-018-0109-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2018

Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 2/2018 Zur Ausgabe

Biomass and Biofuels (P Fokaides, Section Editor)

Recent Advancements in Torrefaction of Solid Biomass

Building Sustainability (N Nord, Section Editor)

Utilization of Ground Heat Exchangers: a Review

Energy Markets (R Sioshansi and S Mousavian, Section Editors)

Spatial Integration of Natural Gas Markets: a Literature Review

Building Sustainability (N Nord, Section Editor)

Future Trends in District Heating Development