Cluster Based Localization Scheme with Backup Node in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

The localization is a process of finding out the exact location of sensor nodes. For underwater, it is very difficult task to locate sensor nodes as the underwater environment keeps on changing with respect to time and to locate the sensors is time consuming as well as wastage of energy. It is a difficult task to make the system more efficient and for long time. We proposed a cluster-based localization technique to improve energy efficiency and prolonged network lifetime in the underwater environment. Our algorithm for localization of sensor nodes in the underwater reduced cost as well as provides an efficient way to find sensors location. The proposed clustering protocol form a cluster within random time and a cluster head. Anchor node positioned into the cluster head for communicating with the outer world through sink node. Here we have enhanced the performance with the help of backup node. It will extend the lifetime of the network as well as speed up the accurate information. This novel idea behind the constraint of energy in UWSN. It is responsible to gather information of other nodes of cluster and transfer to the floating nodes. This cluster head and the nodes associated with cluster keeps on changing with respect to time. The proposed method decreases the energy consumption by deploying some nodes of lower energy while some nodes of higher energy called cluster head to transfer information to longer distance. The proposed method uses the concept of the backup node, cluster head, cluster nodes and floating nodes to transfer the information of nodes.