1 Introduction
2 Measurements from Material Microstructure Images
Material | Aluminium | Steel | Copper |
---|---|---|---|
Grain size (µm) measured from | |||
Image of microstructure | 11.0 ± 0.6 | 21.2 ± 1.1 | 85.7 ± 4.7 |
Backscattered grain noise using the | |||
SSR method [13] | 11 ± 1 | 37 ± 3 | 62 ± 4 |
DSR method [15] | 11 ± 1 | 35 ± 3 | 52 ± 4 |
Longitudinal wave attenuation measured using ultrasonic arrays and the | |||
Stanke–Kino model [6] | 46 ± 3 | 36 ± 2 | 80 ± 3 |
Weaver model [7] | 46 ± 3 | 36 ± 2 | 80 ± 3 |
Shear wave attenuation measured using a shear wave PZT and the | |||
Stanke–Kino model [6] | 56 ± 4 | 35 ± 2 | 78 ± 4 |
Weaver model [7] | 56 ± 4 | 35 ± 2 | 78 ± 4 |
3 Measurements from Backscattered Ultrasonic Grain Noise
4 Measurements from Longitudinal Wave Attenuation Using Ultrasonic Arrays
Number of element N | Central frequency (MHz) | Element width (mm) | Element pitch (mm) | Array aperture size (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
128 | 5 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 40 |
128 | 10 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 40 |
64 | 15 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 13.23 |