Composition of Fatty Acids of Lipids of Halophyte Leaves during Adaptation to Saline Soil Using the Example of Plants from the Elton Region

This work summarizes the results of long-term field studies of 22 species of halophytic plants in the Elton region belonging to 4 families and 14 genera. Plants are classified according to the ecological (salt-accumulating euhalophytes, salt-secreting crinohalophytes, and salt-excluding glycohalophytes) and genetic (C3 and C4 photosynthesis) system. The conditions of the abiotic environment (level of salinity and soil moisture) under which various groups of halophytic plants grew are shown. The composition of fatty acids (FAs) of lipids in halophyte leaves is analyzed. It is concluded that the modulation of halophyte lipids, associated with changes in FAs composition depending on soil salinity and moisture, is one mechanism of plant salt tolerance at the cellular level of organization.