Introduction
Related work
The framework of OMRKBC
Building the OMRKBC system
Constructing the base label ontology
Discovering concepts
Discovering relations
OMRKBC with instances from DBpedia
Extracting instances
Functional procedure
Addressing the challenges of IISDBS
OMRKBC program
OMRKBC with ConceptNet data
Extracting the data
Addressing the challenges of building the ConceptNet data in OMRKBC
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(govern and a and nation) and capableOf is a superclass of president
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(head and of and state) and synonym is a superclass of president
OMRKBC program
OMRKBC with a description of concept
Extracting the description
Addressing challenges in building a description in OMRKBC
Politician
| |
<politician, create; laws\(> <\)create, policies> | |
<politician, propose, laws\(> <\)propose, policies> | |
<politician, seek elective positions within; a government> | |
<politician, holding office in; a government> | |
<politician, seek political power; to achieve, in any bureaucratic institution> | |
<politician, reaching power through, bribery> | |
<politician, reaching power through, revolutions> | |
<politician, reaching power through, intrigues> | |
<politician, seek elective positions at; times> | |
<politician, is active person, in party politics> | |
<politician, is, person active> | |
President
| |
<president, is the leader of, a country> | |
<president, common title for, the heads of state of most republics> | |
<president, is, common title> | |
<president, is the leader of, division or part of a country> v | |
<president, is, leader> | |
<president, is leader of, republic> | |
<president, is leader of, democracy> | |
<president, is leader of, dictatorship> | |
Donald trump
| |
<Donald Trump, is, the chairman, of The Trump Organization> | |
<Donald Trump, be president of, The Trump Organization> | |
<Donald Trump, be the Republican Party nominee in, the 2016 election> | |
<Donald Trump is American businessman> | |
<Donald Trump is businessman> | |
<Donald Trump is American> | |
<Donald Trump is chairman> | |
<Donald Trump is chairman of Trump Organization> | |
<Donald Trump has built facilities During his career> | |
<Donald Trump has built hotels> | |
<Donald Trump has built facilities> | |
<Donald Trump development project is in Manhattan> | |
<Donald Trump has built development project> | |
<Donald Trump has built golf courses> | |
<Donald Trump has built casinos> | |
<Donald Trump has built office towers> | |
<Donald Trump has built development project in Manhattan> | |
<Donald Trump has built branded facilities> | |
<Donald Trump, was, television personality> | |
<Donald Trump, born in New York City> | |
<Donald Trump, raised in New York City> |
Rule | |
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Politician
| |
<create; laws\(> <\)create, policies> | No rule |
<propose, laws\(> <\)propose, policies> | No rule |
<seek elective, positionsWithin, a government> | Rule 3 |
<reach, powerThrough, bribery\(> <\)reach, powerThrough, revolutions\(> <\)reach, powerThrough, intrigues> | Rule 4 |
<seek political power to, achieveIn, bureaucratic institution> | Rule 3 and Rule 6 |
<active person, in party politics> | Rule 1 |
<hold office, in government> | Rule 4 |
President
| |
<leaderOf, a country> | Rule 1 and Rule 3 |
<title for, heads of state, of, republics> | Rule 1 and Rule 2 and Rule 6 |
<leaderOf, division or part, of, a country> | Rule 1 and Rule 3 and Rule 2 |
<leader> | Rule 1 |
<leaderOf, republic\(> <\)leaderOf, democracy\(> <\)leaderOf, dictatorship> | Rule 1 and Rule 3 |
Donald Trump
| |
<chairmanOf, Trump organization\(> <\)presidentOf, Trump organization> | Rule 1 and Rule 3 |
<republican party nominee, in the 2016 election> | Rule 1 |
<American businessman> | Rule 1 |
<occupation, businessman> | Rule 1 and Rule 7 |
<nationality, American> | Rule 1 and Rule 7 |
<built, facilities, during career\(> <\)built, branded facilities\(> <\)built, hotels\(> <\)built, development project, in Manhattan\(> <\)built, golf courses\(> <\) built, casinos\(> <\)built, office towers> | Rule 1 |
<television personality> | Rule 1 |
<bornIn, New York City\(> <\)raisedIn, New York City> | Rule 3 |
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create and law is a superclass of president
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reach and powerThrough and bribery is superclass of president
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bornIn and New York City is types of Donald Trump
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nationality and American is types of Donald Trump
OMRKBC program
System output
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PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
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PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
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PREFIX nsf: <http://www.semanticweb.org/shirinkhan/2017/>
Concept search
No | Query |
---|---|
1 | select ?superclass where nsf:politician rdfs:subClassOf ?superclass. |
2 | SELECT ?entity ? type WHERE { ?entity rdf:type ?type. ?type rdfs:subClassOf* nsf:president.} |
President | |
---|---|
Leader | Capable of: |
Title for heads of state of republics | Give a speech |
Leader of | Lie |
Country | Duck the issue |
Division of a country | Govern a population |
Part of a country | |
Republic, democracy, dictatorship |
Instance search
Query | |
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select distinct ?value ?generalAttributes ?Gtype ?GClass where { | |
nsf: ‘Donald Trump’ ?property ?value. | |
nsf:’Donald Trump’ rdf:type ?GClass. | |
FILTER( ?GClass != owl:Class&& ?GClass != owl:NamedIndividual ) | |
?value rdf:type ?GeneralAttributes. | |
OPTIONAL | |
?value rdfs:seeAlso ?label. | |
?label rdf:type ? Gtype. FILTER( ? Gtype!= owl:Class&& ? Gtype!= owl:NamedIndividual ) | |
filter ( ?property not in ( rdf:type ) ) | |
FILTER( ? GeneralAttributes!= owl:Class&& ? GeneralAttributes!= owl:NamedIndividual )} |
Donald Trump | |
---|---|
President | Birth Date: June 14, 1946 |
American businessman | Birthplace: USA |
Chairman of Trump Organization | Spouse: Ivana Zelnickova |
President of Trump Organization | Nationality: American |
Republican party nominee in the 2016 election | Occupation: businessman |
Television personality | Start Year: 1976 |
Born in New York City | Political Party: Republican |
Raised in New York City | Age: 72 |
Built
| Service Start Year: January 20, 2017 |
Facilities during career | |
Branded facilities | |
Hotels | |
Development project in Manhattan | |
Golf courses | |
Casinos | |
Office towers |
Process queries
Query | |
---|---|
SELECT ?subClassOf WHERE { | |
nsf:politician (rdfs:subClassOf| owl:equivalentClass) * ?subClassOf. | |
?subClassOf owl:intersectionOf | owl:unionOf ?subClassOf_name. | |
?subClassOf_name rdf:rest*/rdf:first* ?name. | |
optional{ | |
?name owl:intersectionOf | owl:unionOf ?subsubClassOf_name. | |
?subsubClassOf_name rdf:rest*/rdf:first* ?subname.} | |
filter(nsf:policies in (?name) | | nsf: policies in (?subname))} |
Comparison of the characteristics of OMRKBS with other KBSs
Characteristic | DBPedia | WordNet | ConceptNet | OMRKBC |
---|---|---|---|---|
Individual features are presented | X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
\(\checkmark\)
|
Each word is a concept | X | X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
No specific data property | X | X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
Limited object properties | X | X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
Provides general information on an instance or concept |
\(\checkmark\)
| X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
Inherits the superclass features | X |
\(\checkmark\)
| X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
Individual feature is presented with attributes | X | X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
Individual feature is presented with relations | X | X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
\(\checkmark\)
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Allows a question to be asked about a concept with a property |
\(\checkmark\)
| X |
\(\checkmark\)
|
\(\checkmark\)
|
Experiments and a comparison of the results
Domain | Original size | Size after excel conversion | Size after null and invalid values removed | File size after split (KB) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Agent | 13 GB | 5 GB (60%) | 260 MB (98%) | 800 |
Animal | 250 MB | 61 MB (75%) | 23 MB (91%) | 820 |
Chemical | 15 MB | 3.1 MB (79%) | 1.7 MB (89%) | 705 |
Event | 134 MB | 44 MB (68%) | 8.1 MB (94%) | 718 |
University | 32 MB | 7.5 MB (77%) | 3.4 MB (89%) | 690 |
Game | 1 MB | 188 KB (82%) | 132 KB (87%) | 660 |
Album | 327 MB | 116 MB (65%) | 13 MB (96%) | 650 |
Organization | 1.32 GB | 564 MB (57%) | 46 MB (96%) | 680 |
Place | 4.43 GB | 1.8 GB (60%) | 125 MB (97%) | 720 |
Work | 1.7 GB | 663 MB (61%) | 27 MB (98%) | 710 |
68.4% | 93.5% | 716 |
Domain | Process queries (%) | Relation discovery (%) |
---|---|---|
Agent | 89 | 100 |
Animal | 93 | 100 |
Chemical | 96 | 100 |
Event | 97 | 100 |
University | 93 | 100 |
Game | 94 | 100 |
Album | 94 | 100 |
Organization | 91 | 100 |
Place | 90 | 100 |
Work | 94 | 100 |
Overall | 93 | 100 |