6. Contaminant Flow from Sewage and Leaching Potential of Sludge

The generation and management of sewage sludge are critical to wastewater treatment strategies. This chapter highlights how improper disposal of sludge can release toxic substances over time, that can pose substantial risks to varied ecological landscapes and human health. Through analysis of sludge composition and its influence on environmental and public health, the chapter further highlights the treatment methods and management approaches to minimize contaminant mobility into ecosystems and safeguard ecological integrity as well as public health.